题型一 选择型阅读（针对创新考法）

第二部分

重难题型精讲练题型一

选择型阅读（针对创新考法）考情概览

分析河南近10年选择型阅读可知，2018年前以传统考法（细节理解等）为主，2018年后新增了“图片理解”、“细节归纳”、“细节排序”、“文章结构”、“文体推断”、“代词指代”、“情节推断”、“开篇方式”等一系列创新考法，尤其是近3年创新考法的数量大幅增长，说明考查方式趋于多样化，此变化符合全国主流趋势。涉及的创新考法如下：202320222021202020192018写作意图（25）写作对象（21）写作对象（25）词义猜测（31短语英汉译）标题匹配（48）代词指代（58）情节推断（29）图片理解（23）代词指代（28）写作对象（35）写作对象（50）图片理解（57）开篇方式（31）主题推断（25）词义猜测（31单词英英译）/图片理解（53）/词义猜测（32单词英英译）细节排序（27）细节归纳（33）////文体推断（30）主题推断（34）////文章结构（34）////创新考法解题指导考法1

细节归纳（2021.33）

细节归纳题是将文章中围绕某一细节相关的多个句子打乱分散在选项中，并在选项中给出若干与细节无关的干扰项。要求考生在选项中找出符合题干关键词的内容，选项通常为两到三个的字母或数字组合。

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.分析题干及选项，找出题干及选项中的关键词；2.浏览文章，在文章中找到与关键词相关的具体细节信息；3.将文章中的细节信息和选项作对比，找出正确选项。【典例剖析】[2021河南阅读C节选]Ants

also

help

spread

seeds.

Some

seeds

have

a

special

smell

that

attracts

ants.

The

ants

bring

the

seeds

back

to

their

home,

which

of

course

is

underground.

They

only

eat

part

of

the

seed.

They

leave

the

rest

of

the

seed

underground.

After

that,

the

seed

can

start

growing.b.

They

help

seeds

fall

from

the

tree.c.

They

carry

seeds

to

the

underground

home.d.

They

pick

up

the

fruit

and

move

it

far

away.e.

They

leave

the

rest

of

the

seed

underground.(

)

A.

b,

d,

e

B.

a,

b,

d

C.

a,

c,

e

D.

b,

c,

d√33.What

do

ants

do

to

help

spread

seeds?a.

They

only

eat

part

of

the

seed.【思路指导】根据题干关键词“ants”及“help

spread

seeds”可定位到上面节选片段的第一句。通读整段内容可知，主要介绍了蚂蚁是如何帮助传播种子的。将整段内容与选项a-e进行对比，可知“They

only

eat

part

of

the

seed.”、“The

ants

bring

the

seeds

back

to

their

home,

which

of

course

is

underground.”、“They

leave

the

rest

of

the

seed

underground.”分别与a、c、e三项内容相符。故选C。考法2

细节排序（2022.27）

细节排序题是将文章中多个与细节相关的句子按事件发展过程或事物演进变化的先后顺序进行排序。此类题常见的设问方式有：What

is

the

correct

order

according

to

the

text?（2022.27）/Which

of

the

following

is

the

right

order

of

the

text?/Put...

in

correct

order.

/Choose

the

right

order

according

to...

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.理解题干，明确题干提问的对象；2.分析所给句子的意义，理解事件发展的相关细节；3.快速浏览文章，确定每个句子在文中的具体位置；4.根据文中各句子出现的顺序排序，最终确定正确答案。【典例剖析】[2022河南阅读B节选]

...

In

the

large

yard

stood

thirteen

trees

of

different

sizes.

One

day,

while

Joey

was

playing

with

his

sister

under

the

trees,

①he

noticed

that

a

tree

trunk（树干）

had

a

sad

look.

He

ran

into

the

house

to

tell

his

mom

about

it.

She

told

Joey

to

find

the

reason

why

it

was

sad.

②So

Joey

went

to

the

yard,

ran

to

the

sad

tree

and

asked,

“Why

are

you

unhappy?”

...

③After

knowing

the

reason,

the

family

had

a

meeting.

Joey

suggested

making

a

seat

under

the

sad

tree.

Joey’s

father

said

he

could

help

make

a

seat

around

the

tree.

The

family

would

sit

under

the

tree

and

the

tree

wouldn’t

feel

sad

anymore.

④When

Joey

told

his

special

friends

the

tree

was

sad,

they

decided

to

do

what

they

could

to

help

make

the

sad

tree

happy

again.

...

“⑤Let’s

start

to

build

the

seats

around

the

trees.

l

will

need

help

to

build

them.

Get

the

nails（钉子）

for

me,

Joey,”

said

the

father.

...27.What

is

the

correct

order

according

to

the

text?a.

Joey

went

to

find

out

why

the

tree

was

sad.b.

Joey’s

special

friends

decided

to

help

the

tree.c.

Joey

found

a

tree

unhappy

when

he

was

playing.d.

Joey’s

father

started

to

build

the

seatsaround

the

trees.e.

Joey’s

family

discussed

how

to

make

the

sad

tree

happy.(

)

A.

a-b-d-c-e

B.

b-a-c-e-d

C.

c-a-e-b-d

D.

d-c-a-b-e√【思路指导】通读全文可知，本文是按照时间顺序进行叙述的。快速浏览题干下所给的句子，确定每个句子在文中的具体位置。根据节选片段中第①处可知，首先Joey在玩耍时发现有棵树不开心；根据第②处可知，Joey想弄清树不开心的原因；根据第③处可知，Joey一家人召开会议讨论解决办法；根据第④处可知，Joey特殊的朋友们也来帮忙；根据第⑤处可知，Joey的爸爸开始着手在树周围设立一些座位。故选C。考法3

文章结构（2022.34）

文章结构题要求考生在理解段落大意的基础上，通过对文章段落间内在逻辑关系的分析，合理划分文章的结构框架。此类题常见的设问方式有：What

is

the

structure

of

the

passage?（2022.34）/Which

of

the

following

（best）

shows

the

structure

of

the

passage?/Which

picture

shows

the

structure

of

the

passage?/The

structure

of

the

passage

may

be...

常见的文章结构主要有四种：①并列式：文章各部分内容没有主次轻重之分；②总分式：总—分、分—总、总—分—总；③对照式：文中两部分内容或进行对比，或用这部分内容烘托另一部分内容；④递进式：文章各部分内容逐层深入。其中，总分式为中考最常考的。

在解答此类题时，考生应首先掌握文章各个段落的大意，判断各段落之间属于以下哪种关系，合理划分文章结构。

①总—分式:

文章首段作为主题段落，概述文章的中心思想或主题内容，下面各段落围绕主题分别论述；

②分—总式:

文章各段落分点阐述，最后一段再总结文章主旨或中心思想；

③总—分—总式:

文章首段总体论述文章中心思想或主题，中间各分段分别从不同的方面论述，最后文章末段总结主旨大意或升华文章中心思想。【典例剖析】[2022河南阅读C节选]①There’s

nothing

quite

like

falling

sound

asleep

after

a

full

day

of

work.

Like

people,

animals

need

to

rest...

But

they

all

find

a

way

to

rest.

②Some

animals

in

the

sea

sleep

in

strange

ways...

The

bubble

protects

them

from

harm

while

they

sleep.

③Some

animals

sleep

under

the

ground...

A

frog

may

stay

in

its

hole

for

months.

④High

above

the

ground,

monkeys

find

leafy

places

in

trees

each

evening

before

they

sleep...When

it

climbs

out

the

next

morning,

it

is

rested

and

ready

for

work.34.What

is

the

structure

of

the

passage?

（P-Paragraph）(

)

A.

&1&

B.

&2&

C.

&3&

D.

&4&

√【思路指导】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了动物是如何入睡的。第①段引出“动物们各自都有自己的睡眠方式”这个话题；第②段介绍在水中睡眠的动物；第③段介绍在地下睡眠的动物；第④段介绍在高处睡眠的动物。由此可见，第一段是总述，第②至④段是并列关系，分别介绍在不同的生活环境下，不同动物的睡眠方式，因此总体结构为“总—分”。故选A。考法4

图片理解（10年3考）

图片理解题是将文章中某处细节信息转换成图片的形式展现出来，选项是图片。考生需要在理解文章的基础上选择符合题意的图片。此类题常见的设问方式有：

Which

of

the

following

is

the

picture

of...?/Which

of

the

following

best

shows/explains...?

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.分析题干，寻找题干中的关键词；2.快速浏览文章并确定题干中关键词在文中的确切位置；3.仔细对照原文，将文中的细节与图片进行比对，选择符合原文的图片。【典例剖析】[2022河南阅读A节选]●Sit

up

straight

about

an

arm’s

length（长度）

away

from

the

screen.

Make

sure

you’re

looking

down

at

your

screen.

Stand

up

and

exercise

often

to

avoid

neck

and

shoulder

pain.23.Which

of

the

following

best

explains

the

meaning

of

the

underlined

sentence

in

the

text?(

)

A.

&5&

B.

&6&

C.

&7&

D.

&8&

√【思路指导】根据题干信息可知，图片描述内容与文中划线句子有关。根据划线句子的语境可知，图片应描述的内容是：坐直并且离屏幕有一臂的距离，对照图片可知D项最符合描述。故选D。考法5

词义猜测（10年3考）

词义猜测题主要考查学生对文中关键单词或短语的理解，且所考查的单词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，需要考生联系上下文猜测意思。其实，此考法不算新考法，但近6年较以前出现了新变化。摒弃了以前单纯考查某一英文单词的汉语意思这一传统模式，出现了单个英文单词的英—英释义、短语的英—汉释义或选项中给出较复杂的长短语或句子对单词进行释义。由此可见此考法逐渐灵活化，选项形式多样化。此类题常见的设问方式有：

What

does

the

word

“…”

mean

in

the…

paragraph?（2021.31）

What

does

“…”

most

probably

mean

in

Chinese?

（2020.31）

What

does

the

underlined

word

“…”

mean

in

Chinese/in

the

text（passage）?（2023.32,2017.53，2015.54）

The

underlined

word“…”

has

the

closest

meaning

to

“__________”.

（2016.54）

What

does

the

word

“…”

in

Paragraph…

mean

in

Chinese?（2014.51）

What

does

“…”

mean?

针对此类题，考生可参考以下方法解题：1.通过上下文语境猜测词义；2.通过上下文的同义词、近义词、反义词猜测词义；3.通过定语、同位语和从句来猜测词义；4.通过因果关系来猜测词义，即由原因推导结果，由结果推导原因；5.通过文中给出的事例猜测词义；6.通过词根、词缀的基础知识猜测词义；7.通过定义、解释或举例猜测词义；8.根据生活经验和常识猜测词义；9.结合其他学科知识猜测词义。【典例剖析】[2021河南阅读C节选]…In

order

for

plants

to

reproduce,

they

have

to

spread

their

seeds（种子）

to

other

areas.

Plants

have

developed

all

kinds

of

ways

to

do

this.

The

simplest

way

is

gravity.

Many

seeds

are

inside

of

fruit.

When

a

piece

of

fruit

gets

too

heavy,

it

falls

from

a

tree

to

the

ground.

Sometimes

animals

will

pick

up

the

fruit

and

drop

it

in

another

area.

That

helps

move

the

seed

even

farther

away.

Apples

spread

this

way.31.What

does

the

word

“gravity”

mean

in

the

second

paragraph?(

)

A.

The

action

that

makes

animals

drop

seeds.B.

The

help

that

moves

seeds

even

farther

away.C.

The

need

that

comes

from

animals

and

plants.D.

The

force

that

causes

fruit

to

fall

to

the

ground.【思路指导】根据题干定位到原文第二段。根据黑体单词“gravity”前后句语境无法确定词义；阅读黑体单词后划波浪线的句子并联系跨学科知识可知，此处是在讲物理知识中的重力；再结合选项的语境可知该词指使果实落在地上的力量。故选D。√考法6

代词指代（10年2考）

代词指代题要求考生在充分理解文章内容的基础上，分析出该代词在特定语境中所指代的具体内容，包括人、物体、事件等。常见的设问方式有：What

does

the

word

“…”

refer

to（指的是）?（2018.58）/The

underlined

word

“…”

refers

to__________.（2021.28）

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.明确代词所指代内容的位置。代词永远出现在原词之后，故代词所指代的内容在这一句话的前面一句或几句中；2.熟悉代词的含义：①it/this/that可指代一件事；②it/he/she/them/they/one/those指上文提到的人或物；③which/that/who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词，非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的内容;3.用所找的具体内容替换划线代词，分析是否符合原文语境，逻辑是否通顺。【典例剖析】[2021河南阅读B节选]“I

was

sorry

the

moment

I

saw

her

fall

off

the

tree.

But

it

was

too

late.

All

day

long

her

mate

flew

about,

and

chirped（发啁啾声）

so

sadly

that

he

made

my

heart

ache.

I

said

nothing

to

the

old

couple

but

one

of

their

grandchildren

told

them

about

it.

Though

the

old

couple

never

said

a

word

to

me,

I

knew

that

they

were

very

sad.

I

could

never

look

them

in

the

eye

and

tell

them

how

sorry

I

was.

They

have

been

dead

for

many,

many

years,

and

so

has

the

poor

bird.

But

don’t

you

see

how

that

stone

rebounded,

and

hit

me?

For

fifty

years

I

have

still

remembered

it

though

I

have

never

spoken

of

it

before.

But

if

what

I

have

told

you

will

stop

you,

I

will

be

happy.”28.The

underlined

word

“They”

refers

to

___.A.

the

birds

B.

the

old

coupleC.

the

boys

D.

the

grandchildren【思路指导】根据题干关键词“They”定位到此段第七句，并仔细阅读此句前几句话；根据代词的含义可知They指代的是上文提到的人或物，结合代词所在句语境可知此处They指代的是人；再依据前几句中出现的人物“the

old

couple”可推知，“They”指的应该就是这对老夫妻；将指代内容代入原句中，确保逻辑通顺，句意合理。故选B。√考法7

写作对象（10年4考）

写作对象题主要考查文章所面向的读者群体，考查学生的信息获取能力以及对文章主旨大意的把握程度。常见的设问方式为：Who

is

the

text

written

for?

考生在解答此类试题时，需要找出文章中有关描述特定人物群体的关键词或主题句，由此推断出文章所要面向的读者群体。【典例剖析】[2022河南阅读A节选]Finally,

you

finish

all

your

schoolwork

and

sit

back

in

your

chair.

Suddenly

you

feel

a

headache

and

realize

your

eyes

are

painful.

What’s

going

on?

Doctors

say

that

many

students

are

spending

too

much

time

in

front

of

screens,

especially

during

online

classes.

The

following

might

be

of

some

help

to

you.21.Who

is

the

text

written

for?(

)

A.

Parents.

B.

Students.

C.

Doctors.

D.

Patients.√【思路指导】根据此段第一句“Finally,

you

finish

all

your

schoolwork

and

sit

back

in

your

chair.”以及后文的“students”和“online

classes”可推知，只有学生才会完成学校的作业和上网课，因此推测文章应是写给学生的，帮助他们解决用眼疲劳问题。故选B。考法8

写作意图（2023.25）

写作意图题是根据文章内容，对作者的写作意图进行考查。常见的设问方式为：

What’s

the

purpose

of...?/What

is

the

main

purpose

of

the

text?（2023.25）

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.分析题干，找出题干的关键词；2.根据关键词定位到文中的具体位置，分析上下文语境，推断作者意图；若是无关键词，则需根据文章的主旨大意推断作者的真实想法，可从文章的首尾段查找关键线索。【典例剖析】Today,

by

carefully

choosing

dog

parents,

humans

have

created

many

different

kinds

of

dogs.

Each

kind

has

its

own

look

and

talents,

and

its

own

role

within

human

society.

...

However,

the

domestic（家庭的）

dog’s

special

place

as

“man’s

best

friend”

has

allowed

it

to

survive（存活）

in

a

human

world.What’s

the

purpose

of

the

text?(

)

A.

To

ask

people

to

treat

dogs

as

their

own

children.B.

To

explain

why

humans

need

beagles

in

their

work.C.

To

tell

people

about

the

history

of

dogs’

development.D.

To

show

a

good

relationship

between

dogs

and

humans.【思路指导】根据文章第一段以及最后一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了人与狗之间的良好关系。分析备选项可知D项最贴近文章写作意图。故选D。√考法9

主题推断（10年2考）

主题推断题是在理解文章内容的基础上，为文章选择正确的主题。此类题常见的设问方式为：

In

which

part

of

the

magazine

can

you

read

the

text?（2022.25）/What

is

the

theme（主题）

of

the

text?（2021.34）

针对此类题，考生可参考以下方法解题：1.寻找文章的高频词或关键词。根据高频词或关键词即可推出文章的主题；2.根据文章各段落内容，提炼文章主旨。主旨则为文章的主题；3.寻找文章的主题句。根据主题句提炼文章的主题。【典例剖析】[2022河南阅读A节选]Finally,

you

finish

all

your

schoolwork

and

sit

back

in

your

chair.

Suddenly

you

feel

a

headache

and

realize

your

eyes

are

painful.

What’s

going

on?

Doctors

say

that

many

students

are

spending

too

much

time

in

front

of

screens,

especially

during

online

classes.

The

following

might

be

of

some

help

to

you.25.In

which

part

of

the

magazine

can

you

read

the

text?(

)

A.

Health.

B.

Sports.

C.

Culture.

D.

Travel.√【思路指导】根据该段中关键词“feel

a

headache”、“painful”及“Doctors”，并结合选项可推知该篇文章应与身体健康相关。故选A。考法10

文体推断（2022.30）

文体推断题是根据文章内容和呈现形式推断文章的体裁。常见的体裁有：广告、通知、新闻、诗歌、邮件、日记、故事、采访等。常见的设问方式有：

What

is

the

text?（2022.30）/What

kind

of

writing

is

it?

针对此类题，考生可参考以下方法解题：1.通读全文，根据文章的内容和呈现形式推断体裁。如：文章为两个人的谈话，推断体裁可能为采访；语篇上给出日期、星期、天气等，推断体裁为日记；语篇围绕故事展开，推断体裁为故事等。2.根据文章的目的推断文章体裁。如：广告的目的是为了推销商品；新闻的目的是为了传递热点信息等。考法11

标题匹配（2019.48）

标题匹配题是给文章中的段落选择合适的小标题。通常，正文的段落前会设空并标序号，而题干下会给出各段落的小标题，其中含有干扰项。此类试题常见的设问方式有：

What

is

the

proper

title

for…

separately?（2019.48）/Match

the

title

with

each

paragraph.

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.浏览文章，了解文章整体脉络及结构；2.细读文章各段落，寻找段落主题句和高频词，根据主题句和高频词提炼段落大意；3.结合选项给段落匹配合适的小标题，并分别代入各段落，检查是否符合段落大意，然后最终确定正确答案。【典例剖析】[2019河南阅读A节选]#1.____

Visit

older

family

members

and

interview

them

about

the

past

of

your

family.

You

could

use

a

smartphone

to

record

some

of

the

conversation.

Things

to

ask

about...#2.____

Not

only

will

you

make

your

parents

really

happy,

but

you

will

find

all

those

lost

CDs/books/socks

that

are

hidden

under

the

bed.

You

can

now

have

a

yard

sale

for

the

things

you

no

longer

want,

and

make

yourself

some

pocket

money

at

the

same

time.#3.____

Put

together

a

memory

book.

It

could

be

about

primary

or

junior

school

since

you’re

heading

to

high

school...#4.____

Get

down

and

work

on

the

farm

and

have

a

bit

of

fun.

You

never

know

you

might

love

driving

tractors

and

feeding

cows

and

horses.

If

nothing

else,

it

will

give

you

a

good

taste

of

what

a

hard

life

farming

is.48.What

is

the

proper

title

for

#1,

#2，

#3

and

#4

separately?a.

Clear

out

Your

Roomb.

Create

a

Memory

Bookc.

Help

on

a

Nearby

Farmd.

Discover

Family

History(

)

A.

a-d-b-c

B.

d-a-b-c

C.

d-b-a-c

D.

c-a-b-d√【思路指导】根据#1中第一句内容可知，该段与家庭历史有关，与d项相符；根据#2中内容可知，该段与整理家务相关，与a项相符；根据#3中第一句可知，该段与回忆录有关，与b项相符合；根据#4中第一句内容可知，该段与在农场劳作有关，与c项相符。综上所述，故选B。考法12

情节推断（2023.29）

情节推断题是根据文章已知的细节信息对文章结尾接下来的故事情节或讨论目标作推测。此类试题常见的设问方式有：What

is

the

possible

ending

to

the

story?（2023.29）/What

will

the

writer

talk

about

in

the

last

paragraph?/What

will

probably

happen

in

the

last

paragraph?

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.通读全文，了解文章的故事情节发展（记叙文）或各段落的主旨大意（说明文）；2.细读文章最后一个段落，尤其是最后一到两句话，明确故事走向或接下来的写作落点；3.结合选项判断是否符合原文的细节信息，从而选出答案。【典例剖析】[2023河南阅读B节选]

I

was

visiting

my

grandpa’s

farm

in

Kansas,

and

Grandpa

sent

me

into

the

woods

to

pick

up

pecans（山核桃）

for

us

to

enjoy

later…

Then

something

caught

my

eye:

a

squirrel

picked

up

a

pecan,

climbed

up

a

tree

and

disappeared

into

a

large

hole…

…I

ran

over

to

the

tree

and

found

the

hollow（洞）

was

filled

with

sweet

pecans…

Handful

by

handful,

I

took

all

the

pecans

from

the

hollow.

Now

the

basket

was

full!

…I

couldn’t

wait

to

show

Grandpa

all

of

the

pecans

I’d

collected.

…

“That

squirrel

worked

very

hard

to

collect

his

winter

food,”

he

said.

“Now

that

all

of

his

pecans

are

gone,

don’t

you

think

that

little

squirrel

will

be

very

hungry

when

it

gets

cold?”

…

“I

know,”

Grandpa

said.

“But

a

good

man

should

never

take

advantage

of

someone

else’s

hard

work,

even

the

squirrel’s.”

Suddenly

I

felt

as

hollow

as

that

old

tree.

The

image（形象）

of

that

hungry

squirrel

wouldn’t

leave

my

mind.

There

was

only

one

thing

I

could

do.

…29.What

is

the

possible

ending

to

the

story?(

)

A.

The

writer

sent

the

pecans

to

his

neighbors.B.

The

writer

put

all

the

pecans

back

into

the

hole.C.

The

writer

hid

the

pecans

in

his

grandpa’s

house.D.

The

writer

enjoyed

all

the

pecans

with

his

family.√【思路指导】通读全文可知，作者意外发现树洞里松鼠储藏的山核桃，并将其据为己有。通过爷爷的劝说作者明白了一个好人永远不应该利用他人的劳动成果的道理；细读最后一段可知，听完爷爷的话后作者的脑海一直浮现着饥饿的松鼠的形象，说明作者对自己的行为感到愧疚，深刻意识到了自己的错误；结合选项可知，B项符合最后一段作者的心理活动。故选B。考法13

开篇方式（2023.31）

开篇方式题是在理解文章整体内容的基础上，判断文章的写作手法。此类题的题眼常在文章首段，着重就作者如何引入其观点或文章话题提问。其常见的设问方式有：How

does

the

writer

lead

into

the

topic

“…”

in

Paragraph…?（2023.31）/How

does

the

writer

start

the

text?/How

does

the

writer

organize

the

passage?/How

does

the

writer

develop

his

ideas?

针对此类题，考生可参考以下步骤解题：1.分析题干和选项，理解各个选项的关键词；2.浏览文章，标注文章中作者在陈述观点时所用的关键信息：列数字、举例、时间轴、讲故事等方式；3.根据所标注的关键信息，确定正确选项。【典例剖析】[2023河南阅读C节选]

Energy

is

the

ability

to

do

work.

Solar

energy

comes

from

the

Sun.

There

is

also

energy

that

comes

from

wind

and

water.

But

do

you

know

that

energy

can

come

from

people,

too?

When

you

pedal

a

bike,

you

produce

energy.

You

use

your

legs

to

push

the

pedals.

Your

energy

is

transferred（转移）

to

the

bike.

That

makes

the

bike

move.

…31.How

does

the

writer

lead

into

the

topic

“bicycle-powered

energy”

in

Paragraph

2?(

)

A.

By

asking

a

question.

B.

By

telling

a

joke.C.

By

using

an

old

saying.

D.

By

making

a

survey.【思路指导】根据题干将题眼锁定到第二段，根据第二段第一句可知，此句为过渡句，起承上启下的作用，承接第一段提到的“energy能量”，同时通过提问的方式引入本文话题“bicycle-powered

energy自行车动力能源”。故选A。√题型精练类别一

应用文Passage

1Moon

Hunter

Party

Invitation7:00

p.m.-10:00

p.m.

on

Nov.

8th,

2024

40

persons

only

Please

join

the

Skywatch

Club

before

Nov.7th.______________________________

Have

you

ever

seen

the

red

moon?

If

you

are

aged

from

13

to

19,

welcome

to

our

Moon

Hunter

Party!

You

can

enjoy

food,

drinks

and

light

music

there.

You

can

make

friends

with

someone

who

has

the

same

hobby

with

you.

Twenty

dollars

each

and

half

price

for

anyone

with

a

student

card.TIPS

FOR

THE

PARTY:

●Temperature

drops

after

sunset,

so

be

sure

to

wear

warm

clothing.续表

●Bring

a

flashlight

with

a

red

filter（滤光器）

to

help

you

find

the

way.

Please

avoid

shining

your

light

out

onto

the

field

when

you

enter.

Instead,

kindly

point

the

beam（光线）

down

and

in

front

of

you.

This

is

polite

to

others

on

the

field.续表

●Telescopes（望远镜）

will

be

set

up

to

view

the

moon.

Enjoy

the

views,

and

feel

free

to

ask

questions.

If

you’ve

already

had

a

telescope,

feel

free

to

bring

it

along.

And

we

suggest

you

arrive

half

an

hour

earlier,

though,

to

have

enough

time

to

set

it

up.

Please

call

us

at

3141799

or

email

to

moonhunter@

for

more

information.

If

it

is

rainy

or

cloudy

that

night,

the

party

will

be

canceled.

Any

changes

or

cancellations

will

be

posted

on

the

website.续表1.细节归纳What

can

you

do

in

the

Moon

Hunter

Party?

___①Eat

some

food.

②Listen

to

music.

③Make

friends.④Sing

songs.A.

①②④

B.

①③④

C.

①②③

D.

②③④【解析】

细节归纳题。根据表格中“You

can

enjoy

food,

drinks

and

light

music

there.

You

can

make

friends

with

someone...”可知，在派对上可以就餐、听音乐、交友。√【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了有关Moon

Hunter派对的一些信息。2.图片理解Which

of

the

following

is

the

correct

way

to

carry

the

flashlight?

___A.

&9&

B.

&10&

C.

&11&

D.

&12&

【解析】

图片理解题。根据表格中“Please

avoid

shining

your

light

out

onto

the

field

when

you

enter.

Instead,

kindly

point

the

beam（光线）

down

and

in

front

of

you.”可知，入场时请避免将灯光照向场地，相反，要将光束向下指向你的前方，故A项符合描述。√3.When

is

better

for

you

to

arrive

if

you

bring

your

own

telescope?

___A.

Before

6:00

p.m.

B.

At

6:30

p.m.C.

Before

9:30

p.m.

D.

At

10:00

p.m.4.What

does

the

success

of

the

party

depend

on?

___A.

The

time.

B.

The

weather.C.

The

temperature.

D.

The

clothes.√√5.写作对象Who

is

the

text

written

for?

___A.

Parents.

B.

Teachers.

C.

Scientists.

D.

Teenagers.【解析】

写作对象题。根据表格第一段“If

you

are

aged

from

13

to

19...”可知，文章是写给青少年的。√Passage

2College

Emblem

Design（校徽设计）

Competition

The

emblem

stands

for

the

spirit

and

culture

of

a

college.

In

order

to

find

the

best

emblem

for

our

China

Medical

University,

we

decide

to

hold

the

2024

College

Emblem

Design

Competition.

All

people

in

our

school,

including

our

students,

teachers

and

workers

are

welcome

to

take

part

in

the

competition.__________________________________________________________The

final

awards（奖）

are:★The

Best

Design

Award.★The

Best

Art

Award.★The

Best

Creative

Award.★The

Most

Popular

Award.

The

Best

Design

Award

will

be

used

to

make

the

emblem

of

our

School.Requirements:1.The

college

emblem

must

show

the

full

English

name

of

our

China

Medical

University.续表2.The

work

should

be

meaningful.

Our

school

was

set

up

in

1931,

so

1931

should

be

put

on

the

emblem.3.Please

send

the

work

to

your

monitor

before

October

29th,

2024.

The

monitor

should

send

all

works

of

your

classmates

to

our

school

official

email

before

October

30th,

2024.4.Works

must

not

be

copied

from

other

works.续表1.Why

do

they

hold

the

competition?

___A.

Because

they

want

to

let

students

have

fun.B.

Because

they

plan

to

give

awards

to

the

students.C.

Because

they

try

to

show

the

beauty

of

the

school.D.

Because

they

decide

to

find

the

best

emblem

for

the

school.√【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了中国医科大学的校徽设计大赛的相关信息。2.图片理解Which

of

the

following

picturesmeets

all

the

requirements?

___A.

&13&

B.

&14&

C.

&15&

D.

&16&

【解析】

图片理解题。根据“Requirements”中的内容可知，校徽必须显示中国医科大学的英文全名；1931年应该被放在校徽上，选项B符合。√3.When

can

the

students

hand

in

their

works

to

their

monitors?

___A.

October

10th.

B.

October

30th.C.

November

1st.

D.

November

3rd.√4.What

is

special

about

the

competition?___A.

It

fits

for

everyone

in

the

school.B.

The

final

prizes

include

lots

of

money.C.

People

should

send

their

works

to

school

by

themselves.D.

It’s

proper

for

people

to

copy

some

ideas

if

necessary.√5.文章出处Where

is

the

text

most

probably

from?___A.

A

newspaper.

B.

A

magazine.C.

A

medical

report.

D.

A

school

notice

board.【解析】

文章出处题。文章主要介绍了中国医科大学的校徽设计大赛，故推测可能在学校公告栏上看到。√类别二

记叙文话题1

教育故事Passage

3

A

very

accidental

chance,

Professor

Brian

and

I

went

to

the

railway

station

to

see

someone

off.

He

was

a

friend

of

Professor

Brian’s

and

a

relative

of

my

family’s.

That

day

happened

to

be

the

weekend.

The

school

was

not

far

away

from

the

railway

station.

Brian

and

my

relative

were

quite

old

and

my

relative

took

a

lot

of

luggage（行李）,

so

I

decided

to

help

them

carry

those

heavy

objects.

After

seeing

him

off,

Professor

Brian

and

I

walked

out

of

the

railway

station

when

we

saw

a

crazy

and

old

man

coming

up

to

us

in

the

way

excitedly.

We

were

stopped.

His

clothes

were

ragged（衣衫褴褛的）

and

his

hair

was

untidy.

Thinking

he

was

a

beggar（乞丐）,

I

took

out

a

dollar

and

handed

it

to

him.

He

looked

at

me,

eyes

widely

open,

with

a

little

anger.

Then

he

turned

to

Professor

Brian

and

said,

“This

old

gentleman,

I

can

see

that

you

are

a

wise

man.

Could

you

tell

me

the

story

of

Alexander

the

Great（亚历山大大帝）?”

Then,

I

tried

to

push

him

away,

but

Professor

Brian

stopped

me

and

led