全国2022年4月高等教育自学考试00012英语一试题(真题)

全国2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语（一）

试题课程代码00012

第一部分：阅读判断（第题，每题1分，共10分）

下面的短文后列出10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断；如

果该句子提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如

果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

WhyILoveMyJob

Rossisapublicschoolteacher.Sheteachesagroupof,mostly,seniorsandshe

loveswhatshedoes.1

Myjobisgreat,!shesaidJThatistheonlywaytodescribeit.Asteachers,wehave

theopportunitytocompletelychangesomeone'slifebyprovidinghimorherwitha

goodeducation.1

RossmovedtoAustinin1981toattendtheUniversityofTexas.Sheearneda

degreeinmath.Sincehergraduation,shehasenjoyedteachinghighschoolstudentsin

Texasfornearly30years.Overtheyears,shehastaughteverylevelofhighschool

math.

Tvealwaystaughthighschoolstudents,*shesaid.Iliketheirenergy,andIenjoy

teachingseniorsbecausetheyaregettingreadytomoveon/Rossalsobelievesteaching

helpsherkeepabalancebetweenworkandlife.Ithasallowedhertohavethesame

workscheduleasherchildren'sschoolschedule.Whenhersonswereyounger,she

workedduringthedaywhilehermusicianhusbandworkedatnight.Sodaycarewas

neveraproblem.Todayhertwoboyssharethesamedailyscheduleandthesamewinter,

springandsummervacationswithher.

Teachingbringsotherbenefits,too.Entry-levelsalariesofteachersarecompetitive

withotherfields.Teachersarealsoofferedgoodretirementbenefitsandinsurance.6tDue

tobadeconomy,veryfewplacesofferapensionnowandteachingisoneofthem,1she

said.

1、Rossbelievesthatgoodeducationcanchangeaperson'slife.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

2、RosshasbeenteachinginAustinsince1981.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

3、Rossisabletoteacheverylevelofhighschoolmath.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

4、Rossisoneofthemostpopularteachersinherhighschool.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

5、Rossenjoysteachinghighschoolstudents.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

6、Ross*husbandusedtohaveaday-timejobwhentheirsonswereyounger.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

7、Ross*twosonsareinterestedinmusic.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

8、Rossoftengoestravelingwithhersonsduringtheirvacations.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

9、Newteachersearnmuchlessthanbeginnersinotherfields.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

10、Becauseofbadeconomy,teachersarelosingtheirpensions,too.

A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven

第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请从短文所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个

最佳选项。

AlbertEinstein

AlbertEinsteinwasafamousscientist.Hecreatedmanytheoriesthatcompletely

changedthewaypeoplesawourworldandtheuniverse.Atfirst,veryfewscientists

couldunderstandhistheories.Astimepassed,otherscientistscametoaccept

them.EinsteinwasbominUlm,Germanyin1879andgrewupinMunich.Hewasnot

agoodstudentatschool.Heonlydidthingshewasinterestedin,likescienceandmath.

Afterschool,EinsteinwenttoSwitzerlandandworkedattheSwisspatent（专利J）

officeinBern.Hestudiedwhatotherpeoplehadinvented.LaterhemovedtoBerlin,

Germany.Helivedthereforalongtimeanddevelopedmanyofhisscientifictheories.

HewontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1921.

In1933,HitlerandtheNaziscametopowerinGermany.Einsteinwasagainstthe

Nazisandtheirideas.HedecidedtoleaveGermanyandgotoAmerica.WhenWorld

WarIIbrokeoutin1939,EinsteindiscoveredthatGermanscientistswereworking

onabomb.Thebombcouldkillthousandsofpeople.HewrotealettertotheAmerican

presidenttowarnhim.HealsosuggestedthattheAmericansstartbuildingone,too.

In1942,theAmericangovernmentstartedaprojecttobuildtheatomicbomb.Two

ofthesebombsweredroppedtoendthewaragainstJapan.Einsteinwasshockedwhen

heheardthenews.Hewantedatomicenergytobringpeacetotheworld.

Forthelasttwentyyearsofhislife,EinsteinlivedinPrinceton.Hecontinuedhis

scientificworkthere.HediedonApril18,1955.

11、WhatcanweknowaboutEinsteininhischildhood?

A.HewasborninMunich,Germany.

B.Hewasastraight-Astudentatschool.

C.Hewasaskedtoleaveschool.

D.Hewasinterestedinsciencesubjects.

12、InwhichcountrydidEinsteindevelopmanyofhistheories?

A.Switzerland.

B.America.

C.Germany.

D.Japan.

13、EinsteindecidedtoleavefortheUnitedStatesbecausehe.

A.wasopposedtotheNazis

B.couldfindabetterjobthere

C.wantedtogetawayfromwars

D.wasinvitedbytheUSgovernment

14、WhenEinsteinlearnedaboutthebombsdroppedonJapan,hefelt

A.excitedB.surprisedC.satisfiedD.confused

15、WhatcanbeinferredaboutEinsteinfromthepassage?

A.HehadmanyfollowerswhenhewasinSwitzerland.

B.HeearnedaNobelPrizeafterWorldWarII.

C.HespenthislatedaysinGermany.

D.Hewasapeace-lovingperson.

第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16〜25题，每题1分,共10分）

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第16〜20题后所给

的6个选项中为第1〜5段每段选择1个正确的段落大意；（2）从第21〜25题后

所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项。

JungleHighway

©CentralBrazilhasbeeninvaded（入侵）byengineersandconstructionworkers.

TheyhavecutthroughtheAmazonjungletobuildanewroadacrossBrazil.

②ThenewroadiscalledtheTrans-AmazonHighway.ItlinksthecitiesofBrazil's

eastcoastwithanotherhighwaythatstretchestothePacific.Thehighwayconnects

citiesalloverBrazilwithnewsettlementsincentralBrazil.

（3）Braziliansarebothhopefulandanxiousaboutthehighwayproject.Thelandof

northeasternBrazilisdry.Itisdifficultforthepeopletogrowenoughfoodormake

enoughmoney.Theyexpectthenewhighwaytoprovidenewfarmlandandmanyjobs.

Theyalsoexpectnewtownsandcitiestodevelopalongthehighway.Theybelieve

peoplewillmovefromthecoastalcitiesandhelpdevelopcentralBrazil.

（4）ThehighwayisagreatchallengetoBrazilianengineering.Hugecuttingmachines

areusedtoclearawaythickjunglegrowth.Thereareotherchallenges,too.Workers

havetodealwithheavyrains,bitinginsects,diseasesandloneliness.Theydonotbring

theirfamilieswiththem.Theyoftenmisstheirfamiliesandfriendsathome.

⑤Ecologists（生态学家）areworriedaboutproblemsthenewhighwayhasbrought.

Therainforesthasonlyathinlayer（层）ofrichsoil.Thislayerhasbeenprotected

bytalltreesandfedbydeadleavesandplants.Butconstructionisdestroyingtheforest.

Thetreeshavebeenclearedawaytomakeroomfortheroadandnewsettlements.

Ecologistsbelievetherewillbenogoodfarmland.Already,someareasofthejungle

haveturnedintodryanddustydeserts.

Task1

16.Paragraph①：_

17.Paragraph②：__

18.Paragraph®：_

19.Paragraph®：_

20.Paragraph®:_

A.Descriptionofthehighway

B.Difficultiesoftheproject

C.InvasionoftheAmazonjungle

D.Lifeinthejungle

E.Ecologists9worries

F.Brazilians9expectations

Task2

21.Treesinthejunglehavebeencut_.

22.PeopleinnortheasternBrazilexpectthehighway.

23.Brazilianshopethat_.

24.Roadworkersoftenfeellonelybecause.

25.Ecologistsareworriedthat.

A.tomakeroomforahighwayproject

B.centralBrazilwillbedeveloped

C.theyleavetheirfamiliesbehind

D.theforestisdestroyed

E.peoplewillsufferfrommorediseases

F.tobringthemmoremoney

第四部分：填句补文（第26〜30题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5句空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短

文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

First-bornChildren

Howdofirst-bornchildrendifferfromlater-bornchildren?Hundredsof

experimentshaveshownthattheeldestchildtendstobemorecareful,moreeagerfor

success,andmoreanxious.26Heavoidsdangeroussportslikefootballandsoccer.

Onethingseemscertain:first-bornshaveagoodstartinlife.Theyarenomore

intelligent.Buttheyarebetterreadersaschildren.Theydobetterinhighschool.They

getbettergradesonschooltests.Morefirst-bornsgotocollegesandgraduate

schools.27Theydominate（占优势）ingraduateschools.Theyaccountformore

thanathirdofdoctors,lawyersandcollegeprofessors.Morefirst-bornsbecomefamous

peopleintheworld.

Onereasonfordifferencesbetweenolderandyoungerchildrenisthatparentstreat

themdifferently.Manyparentsusuallyfavortheeldestbecauseeverythinghedoesisa

novelty（新奇）.First-bornstendtobebreast-fedlonger.Theyarephotographed

endlessly.28First-bornsarealsogivenmoreresponsibilitybecausethemother

needsthemtohelpwiththeyoungerones.

29Sometimesitissimplybecausefamiliescannotaffordtosendmorethan

onechildtocollege.

30Thefirst-bornchildprovidesthefirstvehiclebywhichparentscan

continuetheirownidentitiesandrealizetheirhopesanddreams.Allinall,itseemsthat

first-bornsarenotonlyteachers1pets,butparents1petsaswell.

A.Heisalsomoresensitivetopain.

B.Manyparentssimplyexpectmoreofthefirstchild.

C.Theyaccountfor66%ofthestudentsintopUSuniversities.

D.Later-bornshavevaluablequalitiesthatmanyfirst-bornslack.

E.Butlater-bomsareluckytoappearingrouppictures.

F.Incertaincultures,theeldestshouldenjoyspecialeducationaladvantages.

第五部分：填词补文（第31〜30题，每题L5分，共15分）

下面的短文有10句空白，短文12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文

内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

BuildingTrustinTeamwork

Trustisimportantforteamwork.Teensmustlearntotrusteachothertowork

towardsacommon31.

Foroneactivity,puttheteensinto32,Oneisblindfolded（蒙住眼睛）.Use

ringsto33mines（地雷）inacertainarea.Theseeingpartnerstandsonthe34

sideofthefield.Hemustdirecthispartneracrosstheminefieldsafely.Thepoint

istoseehow35theirchosenformofcommunicationis.

Foranotheractivity,36thewholegroupanun-assembled(未组装的)

tent.TellthemtheyareinAntarcticaand37___survivedasnowstorm.Theteam

leaderhashishandshurtandcannot38.Halftheteamhavebeenblindedby39

andtheotherhalfhavelosttheirvoices.Theymustwork40,listentotheirleader

andtrusteachothertoquicklyputthetenttogetherforsurvival.

A.barely

B.Effective

C.effort

Dgive

E.goal

F.help

G.opposite

H.pairs

I.represent

J.snow

K.difficult

L.together