2024届湖南省新高考教学教研联盟高三第一次联考英语试题及答案

2024届新高考教学教研联盟高三第一次联考英语试卷长郡中学；衡阳市八中；永州市四中；岳阳县一中；湘潭县一中；湘西州民中；石门县一中；澧县一中；益阳市一中；桃源县一中；由株洲市二中；麓山国际；郴州市一中；岳阳市一中；娄底市一中；怀化市三中；邵东市一中；洞口县一中；九江市一中；南昌市二中联合命题命题学校：长郡中学审题学校：江西省丰城中学注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whydoesthemanget-uplate?A.Hestayeduplatelastnight.B.Hedoesn’thavetoworktoday.C.Heforgottosetanalarmclock.2.Whatismostlikelythemantobe?A.Anactor.3.WhendoesthemanwanttoarriveinWashington?A.By9:00a.m.B.By8:30a.m.4.Wheredidthewomanintendtogo?B.ATVbroadcaster.C.Abusinessowner.C.By7:30-a.m.A.Toacinema.B.Toarestaurant.C.ToMaggie’shouse.C.Thewoman’schild.5.WhomightLilybe?A.Thewoman’sbabysitter.B.Thewoman’s:boss.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthestory?A.it'stoolong.B.It'sconfusing.C.It'sveryexciting.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Readthewholebook.B.Writeashortstoryherself.C.Borrowacopyofthebook.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdothespeakersthinkoftaikonauts（宇航员）'mission?A.Heroicyetlonely.B.Honourableyetrisky.C.Costlyyetirreplaceable.9.Whatdoesthewomaninsistonaboutspaceexploration?A.Havingmannedspacetravel.B.Modernizingspacegovernance.C.Investinginspaceexploration.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthepurposeofthecampaign?A.Tobuildananimalshelter.B.Toraisemoneyforanimalshelters.C.Toencouragepeopletoadoptanimals.11.Howmuchmoneyhasthemanspentinhelpinganimals?A,$7,500.B.$5,000.12.Whatismostprobablythewoman'sjob?A.Ajournalist.B.Ateacher.C.$10,000.C.Awriter.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13,Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthewoods.B.Attheirhome.C.Intheclassroom.C.Bamboograss.C.Doadrawing.14,Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Rubbish.B.Mushrooms.15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodowithwhatshefinds?A.Takepictures.B.Cookameal.16.Whatdomushroomsandbamboograsshaveincommon?A.Theyarebothnutritious.B.Theyhaveasinglerootsystem.C.Theygrowallovertheground.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereisthespeakernow?A.Atamemorialceremony.B.Atadonationceremony.C.Atagraduationceremony.18.WhathappenedtoAlvinJames?A.Hediedlastyear.B.Hecreatedanewscholarship.C.Hedeliveredalettertotheuniversity.19.WhatdoesthespeakersharewiththeaudienceinAlvin'sletter?A.Alvin'sopiniononeducation.B,Alvin'sdonationtothecharities.C.Alvin'slifestory.20.Whowillfundthenewscholarship?A.AlvinJames.B.Formerstudents.C.Theuniversity.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALonelyPlanet'sTopPlacestoGoin2024Areyoulookingforinspirationforyournexttraveldestination?LonelyPlanethaspublisheditsyearlylistoftopplacestogo.Whetheryou'relookingforadventure,culture,orvalue,there'ssomethingforeverytypeoftraveler.Let'sexplorethe.toppicksfortraveldestinationsin2024.TopCity:NairobiNairobi,theKenyancapital,waschosenforitsuniquemusicanddanceculture,andimpressivelocalrestaurants.NairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity'scentralbusinessdistrict,isamust-see,wherevisitorscanseeover-400specieswanderingtheopengrassplainswhileskyscraperstwinkleonthe.horizon.TopCountry:MongoliaMongoliaislovedforitswide-openspaces,adventureactivities,anduniquefood.TheMongoliangovernmenthasannounced2023through.2025:as:the“YearstoVisitMongolia",easingentryconditionsforinternationaltravelersandimprovingpublicfacilities,includinganew$650millionairport.TopSustainableTravelDestination:SpainThepublisheralsorecommendedSpainforthecountry'seffortstoexpand.renewableenergy,todevelopoff-seasontravel,andtobringtourismtonewdestinations,suchastheportcityofValencia,easingpressuresonhotspotssuchasBarcelona.TopBest-ValueLocation:TheAmericanMidwestTheAmericanMidwest,includingthecitiesofChicagoandDetroit,isalsoonthelist,asitoffersahigh-qualitytravelexperienceatareasonablecost.Visitorscanenjoyexcellentservicesandfacilities.suchasoldwarehousestransformedintoartstudios,neweco-designhotels,andMichelin-starredrestaurants,withouthavingtospendtoomuchmoney.TopBeachDestination:DonegalDonegal.Ireland'smostnorthwesterncounty,hasthecountry'slongestcoastlineandover100beaches,wherevisitorscanenjoythehighestseacliffsinEuropeandmilesofbeautifulcoastalhikingtrails.21.WhatcanpeopledoinNairobiNationalPark?A.Enjoyadventureactivities.C.Seevariouswildanimals.B.Tastelocaldeliciouscuisine.D.Appreciatemusicalperformances.22.WhyisTheAmericanMidwestconsideredtobetheBest-ValueLocation?A.Ithassimplifiedentryprocedures.C.Itcombinesartwithnaturalscenery.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?B.Itofferscost-effectiveexperiences.D.Itprovidesgoodtransportationservices.A.Toentertain.B.Toanalyse.C.Toinform.D.Toreport.BOnDecember16,2023,thefirstsectionofMayaTrainofficiallyopened,whichrunsbetweenCampecheandCancún,carryingupto231passengersacross290milesandstoppingat14trainstations,BuiltasanambitiousefforttopromotetourismandboostMexico'seconomy,therailsystemconnectsthemajorcitiesandtouristregionsoftheYucatánPeninsula-fromCancún'sbeachestoTulum'sarchaeological（考古的）wonders.Oncetheprojectiscompleted,theentirerailsystemwilllinktouristdestinationsacrossfivestates.However,environmentalistsandarchaeologistsarguethatthetrainroutewillcausegreatdamagetotheenvironmentandancientMayansites.TheMayaTrainpassesthroughsixUNESCOWorldHeritagesites,andthousandsofarchaeologicalsites.OneparticularareaofconcernistheCalakmulbiospherereserve,whichishometomanyendangeredspecies,suchasjaguarsandover500otheranimalspecies.Thetrainlines,morethan60meterswide,couldactasartificialbarriersthatmaylimitthemovementoftheseanimalswithinthereserve,makingitdifficultforthemtomovearoundandaccessfoodandwatersources.Opponentsalsoexpresssafetyconcerns.Certainsectionsoftherailsystemwillbebuiltrightontopoftheaquifer's（地下水层的）mostfragilepointsofcontactwiththesurface.“It'slikewantingtobuildovereggshells,saysGuillermoChristy,awatertreatmentconsultant."Puttingtrainsweighingthousandsoftonsontopcouldcausetheundergroundcavestocrashdown."Toconstructthetraininfrastructure（基础设施）alsorequiresdrivinglongpilesdeepintotheground,whichposesabigthreattothisfragileecosystemandleadstowatershortages.IntheongoingdebateofMayaTrain,itiscrucialtoconsiderthedelicatebalancebetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalpreservation.WhileMayaTrainmayprovideeconomicbenefits,wemustnotoverlookthepotentialenvironmentalandculturallosses,aswellasthesafetyrisksitmaybring.Achievingharmonybetweenprogressandconservationmaybeasignificantchallengefortheproject,butwemusttakeintoaccountthelong-termconsequencesofouractions.24.WhatdoweknowabouttheMayaTrainproject?A.ItconsumeslotsoflaborinMexico.B.ItwascompletedonDecember16,2023.C.Ithasconcernedsomeprofessionals.D.Itblocksthedevelopmentoflocaltourism.25.Whatistheeffectofthetrainlinesontheanimalsinthereserve?A.Theydisturbtheirsleepingpatterns.C.Theypollutetheirwatersources.B.Theyrestricttheiractivities.D.Theyengagetheirenemiestothearea.26.Whydoestheauthormention"eggshells"inparagraph4?A.Toshowthedifficultyofconstructingtheraillines.B.Toprovetheurgencyofprotectingthefragileecosystem.C.Toexplainthereasonsforwatershortagesalongtherailway.D.TostressthepotentialharmofMayaTraintotheaquifersystem.27.Whichstatementwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Preservingculturalsitesrequiresstrongfinancialsupport.B.ItistimetospeeduptheconstructionprocessofMayaTrain.C.Economicdevelopmentshouldnotcomeattheexpenseoftheenvironment.D.Weshouldprizetheeconomicbenefitsoftheprojectinthelongrun.CGeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth'shistory-alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000-kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting（漂移），leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?TheseabedstructuresuggeststhatthecontinentdriftednorthwestwardandendedupSoutheastAsia.Butsurprisingly,thereisnolargecontinenthiddenbeneaththoseislands,onlysmallcontinentalfragments（碎片）surroundedbyancientoceanicbasins.Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn'treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa"veryextendedandfragmentedcollection"undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragmentsthatweredispersed,whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent'sgeologicalfeatures.However,withadvancedtechnologyandthediscovery,scientistscannowpiecethemtogether.Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland'swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostcompletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos-animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.ThestoryofArgolandisnotoneofcompletedisappearancebutoftransformation.Astheworldcontinuestoevolve,thislostcontinentservesasapowerfulsymbolofthedelicacyoflifeonthisplanet,andareminderoftheimportanceofrespectingandprotectingtheworldthatwelivein.28.WhatdoweknowaboutArgoland?A.Itsplitintotwopiecesmanyyearsago.B.ItbrokeawayfromthecontinentofAfrica.C.ItsanktothebottomoftheArgoAbyssalPlain.D.ItexistsasfragmentsundertheeasternislandsofIndonesia,29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dispersed"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Crashed.B.Connected.C.Distributed.D.Disappeared.30.Whydoestheauthormentionthe"Wallaceline"inparagraph4?A.TointroducetheearlyhistoryofArgoland.B.TostressthesignificanceoftracingArgoland.C.ToprovethebiodiversityofSoutheastAsianislands.D.ToexplaintheevolutionaryprocessofAustralianspecies.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDiscoveryofaLostContinentC.TheGeologicalFeaturesofArgolandB.TheBoundariesofWildlifeHabitatsD.TheFormationoftheArgoAbyssalPlainDAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate（碳酸钠）canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences'InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids（氨基酸）.Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads（珠）madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadsandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice'sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback."Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,"theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher."It'simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,"emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Itcanberecycledatalowcost.C.Ittakeslesstimeto.breakdown.B.Itisproducedwithoutpollution.D.Ithasawiderangeofapplications.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.B.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice'sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hurdle"inparagraph4referto?A.Theinstabilityofaminoacids.B.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.C.Environmentalproblemscausedbytraditionalglass.D.Thechallengeofimprovingtheheating-coolingprocedure.35.WhatistheattitudeofYanXuehaitowardsthenewglass'slaunchonthemarket?A.Optimistic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多B.Critical.C.Indifferent.D.Uncertain.余选项。Ifyouhaveeverlookedcloselyatthetiresonyourcar,youhaveprobablyseenlittlehairsstickingoutoftheblackrubber.36Aretheythereforanysafetyreasons?Thoselittlebitsareoneofthestrangecarfeaturessomepeoplemaystoptothinkabout.Locatedontheverticalpartofthetire,thesecuriouslittlerubberhairsareknownas“ventspews（轮胎毛刺）".Theyarecrucialinthetire-makingprocess.Asthetreadpatternmold（胎面花纹模具）ispressedintothetire'srubber,theextrarubberrequiresawaytoescapethemold.37Curiously,there'snosetnumberofhairseachtirewill.have.38Butthepresenceoftirehairsisuniversal.Theyarenothingmorethanremnants（残余部分）ofthecomplexprocessthatmakesstronganddurabletires.39Becausetheyarefoundonthepartofthetirerubberthatdoesn'thittheroad,andtheyhavenoimpactonhowwellyourtiregrips（抓牢）thepavementinrainyweather.Theserubberhairsalsodon'thaveanyimpactonroadnoiseorwhyyourtiressqueakwhenyou'redriving.Theyaremerelyevidenceofthenewtire'sarrivalintheworld.Tirehairsarenaturallywornawayduringnormaldriving,andthepresenceorabsenceofthesehairsdoesn'tdetermineifatireissafe.Thereisoneinstance,however,wherethelackoftirehairscanmatter.40Asaresponsiblecarowner,youshouldmonitorthehealthofyourtiresregularly.A.Whydotireshavehairs?B.Tirehairsdon'thaveanyeffectonsafedriving.C.Arethereanyotherinterestingfactsaboutcars?D.Theylookfunny,yeteverynewcartirehasthem.E.Itcouldbeasignthattiresareworn,oldandneedtobereplaced.:F.Theexactnumbervariesbasedonthedesignandsizeofthetires.G.Becausetiny-sizeescapeventsarecreatedthroughouteachmold,littletirehairsareborn.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Onesunnyafternoon,JackandIrodehardtowardshishouse.Thesunshone41onJack'sblackbicycle.Youwouldneverseehisbikewith42onit.AsIbentover,ItookaglimpseofJack'sshiningschool43.Jackwasalwaysneatandtidy,buthisclotheswereoldand44.Ioften45ifheownedanythingelse.Weturnedintoastreetlinedwithsmall,oldrailwayhouses.Jackopenedagateandwewentthroughit.Igotoffmybikeand46itagainstthegaragewall.Itwasasmall,whitewashedhouse.Thetinyareaoflawnwasneatly47.Wewentinbythebackdoor.Thekitchenhadacupboard,asmalldiningtablewiththreechairsandanancientcooker.Everythingwas48clean.InJack'sroom,ithadabed,aone-doorcloset,andatable.Severalbookswere49againstthewallononecornerofthetable,andontheothercorner50amodelsteamengine.Jackdemonstratedtomehowtheengine51.IlookedatJack'sfaceandabroadsmilespreadoverit.Feelingashamed,IreflectedthatIgrewupina52wealthyhome.Myclosetwas53withnewandfashionableclothes.Ihadastate-of-the-artten-speedracingbike.54,IoftendidnotappreciatewhatIhad.Itookitallforgranted.Bycontrast,Jackhadalmostnothing,buthewashappyand55.Thankyou,Jack,forunknowinglyteachingmethevalueofbeingsatisfiedwithwhatI'vegot.41.A.briefly42.A.dirtB.regularlyB.decorationsB.tieC.slowlyC.passengersC.shoesD.brightlyD.damageD.hat43.A.coat44.A.generous45.A.meant46.A.protected47.A.drawn48.A.nearly49.A.spread50.A.liedB.cleanC.wornD.uglyB.wonderedB.acceptedB.crossedB.spotlesslyB.storedC.arguedC.restedD.knewD.coveredD.shapedD.severelyD.hiddenD.putC.wavedC.naturallyC.placedC.setB.stood51.A.roseB.admittedB.humblyB.engagedB.NeverthelessB.modestC.flamedC.traditionallyC.equippedC.OtherwiseC.curiousD.workedD.respectivelyD.surroundedD.SubsequentlyD.content52.A.relatively53.A.stuffed54.A.Therefore55.A.energetic第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It'saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,56UNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Theteam57（devote）toprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals（壁画）andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionof58takesaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.Theculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceover59（century）ontheancientSilkRoad.Commonly60（see）"diseases"affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking,aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamason（石匠）andhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,61（be）abletorecognizetheproblemsandtheir62（correspond）causesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,63formallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissing64fadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“perfect”65（appear）inrestoration.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lucy的生日即将到来，你特意给她寄了一些具有中国特色的礼物。请你给她写一封邮件，内容包括：1.你的祝福；2.简要介绍你的礼物；3.表达期望。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearLucy,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asthesundippedbelowthehorizon,castingawarmglowov