2021年10月自考00595英语阅读一试题及答案含解析

英语阅读（一）年月真题

00595202110

1、【单选题】Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhenyouthinkofBrooklynasahottraveldestination,whatcomestomind?Fancy

hotelsandcomfortablerestaurants?SomevisitorsmaygototheBrooklynMuseumof

ArtorProspectPark.Butabookstore?Itmayseemunlikely.butthiswintera

humblebookstorenamedBooksAreMagicissettobecomeoneofBrooklyn'snewest

attractions.Itisperfectlysituatedtobecomeadestinationforanyonelookingto

tapintothelocalliterarymystique(神秘)."Icertainlyknowthat'showIlike

totravel-byvisitingbookstores,"saysnovelistEmmaStraub,whoisrunningBooks

AreMagicwiththehelpofherhusbandMichaelStraubandinvestors,Eddieand

MartineJoyce.“Ifyou'reinNashvilleandyoudon'tgotosee_Pamassus_,you're

acrazyperson.Orifyou'reinLosAngelesandyoudon'tgotoSkylightandBook

Soup.SeattleandElliottBayBookstore."Onarecentvisitto

Portland,Oregon,Emma,whohastwoyoungsons,wenttoiconicbookstorePowell's

Bookseverydayofhertrip.Sheboughtbookseverysingledayshewasthere.While

shehopesthatBooksAreMagicwillsimilarlyappearontourists'itineraries(旅行

路线)，thestoreismoreofa“hyper-local'"enterprise.“It'sentirelyforour

ownsake,"shesays."Weliveintheneighborhoodandwhenthelocalbookseller

BookCourtclosedattheendof2016,weneededabookstoretowalkto-andweknew

everyoneelseheredid,too."TheBooksAreMagicteamplanstostandupforlocal

writers,too.“Wewanttocelebratethefactthatwehavealotofhomegrown

talent,"saysEmma,whosaysthisextendstothelesser-knowntalentsintheareaas

wellasthebignames.“Wearegoingtohavealittlesignupbytheregister

thatsays,'AreyoualocalBrooklynauthor?Pleaseidentifyyourselfsothatwecan

makesuretocarryyourbook.'IknowwhatMartinAmislookslike,andhe

livesnearby,sowe''llgethisbooks,"shesays.“Buttherearealotofother

peoplewhoImaynotrecognize.Wedon'twantawriterwholivesaroundthecormer

tocomeinandfeelsadbecausethey'renotontheshelf."TheBooksAreMagic

teamisalsotakingadecidedlymodernapproachtothelaunch-coveringtheir

progressonsocialmediaandbuildingacommunityoffansontheirwebsite.Who

isinchargeofthedailyoperationofBooksAreMagic?

EddieJoyce.

EmmaStraub.

A:

MartineJoyce.

B:

MartinAmis.

C:

答D:案：B

2、【单选题】Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhenyouthinkofBrooklynasahottraveldestination,whatcomestomind?Fancy

hotelsandcomfortablerestaurants?SomevisitorsmaygototheBrooklynMuseumof

ArtorProspectPark.Butabookstore?Itmayseemunlikely.butthiswintera

humblebookstorenamedBooksAreMagicissettobecomeoneofBrooklyn'snewest

attractions.Itisperfectlysituatedtobecomeadestinationforanyonelookingto

tapintothelocalliterarymystique(神秘)."Icertainlyknowthat'showIlike

totravel-byvisitingbookstores,"saysnovelistEmmaStraub,whoisrunningBooks

AreMagicwiththehelpofherhusbandMichaelStraubandinvestors,Eddieand

MartineJoyce.“Ifyou'reinNashvilleandyoudon'tgotosee_Pamassus_,you're

acrazyperson.Orifyou'reinLosAngelesandyoudon'tgotoSkylightandBook

Soup.SeattleandElliottBayBookstore."Onarecentvisitto

Portland,Oregon,Emma,whohastwoyoungsons,wenttoiconicbookstorePowell's

Bookseverydayofhertrip.Sheboughtbookseverysingledayshewasthere.While

shehopesthatBooksAreMagicwillsimilarlyappearontourists'itineraries(旅行

路线)，thestoreismoreofa“hyper-local'"enterprise.“It'sentirelyforour

ownsake,"shesays."Weliveintheneighborhoodandwhenthelocalbookseller

BookCourtclosedattheendof2016,weneededabookstoretowalkto-andweknew

everyoneelseheredid,too."TheBooksAreMagicteamplanstostandupforlocal

writers,too.“Wewanttocelebratethefactthatwehavealotofhomegrown

talent,"saysEmma,whosaysthisextendstothelesser-knowntalentsintheareaas

wellasthebignames.“Wearegoingtohavealittlesignupbytheregister

thatsays,'AreyoualocalBrooklynauthor?Pleaseidentifyyourselfsothatwecan

makesuretocarryyourbook.'IknowwhatMartinAmislookslike,andhe

livesnearby,sowe''llgethisbooks,"shesays.“Buttherearealotofother

peoplewhoImaynotrecognize.Wedon'twantawriterwholivesaroundthecormer

tocomeinandfeelsadbecausethey'renotontheshelf."TheBooksAreMagic

teamisalsotakingadecidedlymodernapproachtothelaunch-coveringtheir

progressonsocialmediaandbuildingacommunityoffansontheirwebsite.What

canweinferabout“Parnassus"inparagraph3?

It'sacity.

"It'samuseum.

A:

It'sabookstore.

B:

It'sacrazyperson.

C:

答D:案：C

3、【单选题】Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhenyouthinkofBrooklynasahottraveldestination,whatcomestomind?Fancy

hotelsandcomfortablerestaurants?SomevisitorsmaygototheBrooklynMuseumof

ArtorProspectPark.Butabookstore?Itmayseemunlikely.butthiswintera

humblebookstorenamedBooksAreMagicissettobecomeoneofBrooklyn'snewest

attractions.Itisperfectlysituatedtobecomeadestinationforanyonelookingto

tapintothelocalliterarymystique(神秘)."Icertainlyknowthat'showIlike

totravel-byvisitingbookstores,"saysnovelistEmmaStraub,whoisrunningBooks

AreMagicwiththehelpofherhusbandMichaelStraubandinvestors,Eddieand

MartineJoyce.“Ifyou'reinNashvilleandyoudon'tgotosee_Pamassus_,you're

acrazyperson.Orifyou'reinLosAngelesandyoudon'tgotoSkylightandBook

Soup.SeattleandElliottBayBookstore."Onarecentvisitto

Portland,Oregon,Emma,whohastwoyoungsons,wenttoiconicbookstorePowell's

Bookseverydayofhertrip.Sheboughtbookseverysingledayshewasthere.While

shehopesthatBooksAreMagicwillsimilarlyappearontourists'itineraries(旅行

路线)，thestoreismoreofa“hyper-local'"enterprise.“It'sentirelyforour

ownsake,"shesays."Weliveintheneighborhoodandwhenthelocalbookseller

BookCourtclosedattheendof2016,weneededabookstoretowalkto-andweknew

everyoneelseheredid,too."TheBooksAreMagicteamplanstostandupforlocal

writers,too.“Wewanttocelebratethefactthatwehavealotofhomegrown

talent,"saysEmma,whosaysthisextendstothelesser-knowntalentsintheareaas

wellasthebignames.“Wearegoingtohavealittlesignupbytheregister

thatsays,'AreyoualocalBrooklynauthor?Pleaseidentifyyourselfsothatwecan

makesuretocarryyourbook.'IknowwhatMartinAmislookslike,andhe

livesnearby,sowe''llgethisbooks,"shesays.“Buttherearealotofother

peoplewhoImaynotrecognize.Wedon'twantawriterwholivesaroundthecormer

tocomeinandfeelsadbecausethey'renotontheshelf."TheBooksAreMagic

teamisalsotakingadecidedlymodernapproachtothelaunch-coveringtheir

progressonsocialmediaandbuildingacommunityoffansontheirwebsite.Which

ofthefollowingcanbefoundinSeattle?

SkylightandBookSoup.

ElliottBayBookstore.

A:

Powell'sBooks.

B:

ProspectPark.

C:

答D:案：B

4、【单选题】Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhenyouthinkofBrooklynasahottraveldestination,whatcomestomind?Fancy

hotelsandcomfortablerestaurants?SomevisitorsmaygototheBrooklynMuseumof

ArtorProspectPark.Butabookstore?Itmayseemunlikely.butthiswintera

humblebookstorenamedBooksAreMagicissettobecomeoneofBrooklyn'snewest

attractions.Itisperfectlysituatedtobecomeadestinationforanyonelookingto

tapintothelocalliterarymystique(神秘)."Icertainlyknowthat'showIlike

totravel-byvisitingbookstores,"saysnovelistEmmaStraub,whoisrunningBooks

AreMagicwiththehelpofherhusbandMichaelStraubandinvestors,Eddieand

MartineJoyce.“Ifyou'reinNashvilleandyoudon'tgotosee_Pamassus_,you're

acrazyperson.Orifyou'reinLosAngelesandyoudon'tgotoSkylightandBook

Soup.SeattleandElliottBayBookstore."Onarecentvisitto

Portland,Oregon,Emma,whohastwoyoungsons,wenttoiconicbookstorePowell's

Bookseverydayofhertrip.Sheboughtbookseverysingledayshewasthere.While

shehopesthatBooksAreMagicwillsimilarlyappearontourists'itineraries(旅行

路线)，thestoreismoreofa“hyper-local'"enterprise.“It'sentirelyforour

ownsake,"shesays."Weliveintheneighborhoodandwhenthelocalbookseller

BookCourtclosedattheendof2016,weneededabookstoretowalkto-andweknew

everyoneelseheredid,too."TheBooksAreMagicteamplanstostandupforlocal

writers,too.“Wewanttocelebratethefactthatwehavealotofhomegrown

talent,"saysEmma,whosaysthisextendstothelesser-knowntalentsintheareaas

wellasthebignames.“Wearegoingtohavealittlesignupbytheregister

thatsays,'AreyoualocalBrooklynauthor?Pleaseidentifyyourselfsothatwecan

makesuretocarryyourbook.'IknowwhatMartinAmislookslike,andhe

livesnearby,sowe''llgethisbooks,"shesays.“Buttherearealotofother

peoplewhoImaynotrecognize.Wedon'twantawriterwholivesaroundthecormer

tocomeinandfeelsadbecausethey'renotontheshelf."TheBooksAreMagic

teamisalsotakingadecidedlymodernapproachtothelaunch-coveringtheir

progressonsocialmediaandbuildingacommunityoffansontheirwebsite.The

ownerofBooksAreMagichopesthebookstorewill______.

makealargeprofit

cooperatewithBookCourt

A:

becomeatouristaftraction

B:

getsupportfromthelocalgovernment

C:

答D:案：C

5、【单选题】Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhenyouthinkofBrooklynasahottraveldestination,whatcomestomind?Fancy

hotelsandcomfortablerestaurants?SomevisitorsmaygototheBrooklynMuseumof

ArtorProspectPark.Butabookstore?Itmayseemunlikely.butthiswintera

humblebookstorenamedBooksAreMagicissettobecomeoneofBrooklyn'snewest

attractions.Itisperfectlysituatedtobecomeadestinationforanyonelookingto

tapintothelocalliterarymystique(神秘)."Icertainlyknowthat'showIlike

totravel-byvisitingbookstores,"saysnovelistEmmaStraub,whoisrunningBooks

AreMagicwiththehelpofherhusbandMichaelStraubandinvestors,Eddieand

MartineJoyce.“Ifyou'reinNashvilleandyoudon'tgotosee_Pamassus_,you're

acrazyperson.Orifyou'reinLosAngelesandyoudon'tgotoSkylightandBook

Soup.SeattleandElliottBayBookstore."Onarecentvisitto

Portland,Oregon,Emma,whohastwoyoungsons,wenttoiconicbookstorePowell's

Bookseverydayofhertrip.Sheboughtbookseverysingledayshewasthere.While

shehopesthatBooksAreMagicwillsimilarlyappearontourists'itineraries(旅行

路线)，thestoreismoreofa“hyper-local'"enterprise.“It'sentirelyforour

ownsake,"shesays."Weliveintheneighborhoodandwhenthelocalbookseller

BookCourtclosedattheendof2016,weneededabookstoretowalkto-andweknew

everyoneelseheredid,too."TheBooksAreMagicteamplanstostandupforlocal

writers,too.“Wewanttocelebratethefactthatwehavealotofhomegrown

talent,"saysEmma,whosaysthisextendstothelesser-knowntalentsintheareaas

wellasthebignames.“Wearegoingtohavealittlesignupbytheregister

thatsays,'AreyoualocalBrooklynauthor?Pleaseidentifyyourselfsothatwecan

makesuretocarryyourbook.'IknowwhatMartinAmislookslike,andhe

livesnearby,sowe''llgethisbooks,"shesays.“Buttherearealotofother

peoplewhoImaynotrecognize.Wedon'twantawriterwholivesaroundthecormer

tocomeinandfeelsadbecausethey'renotontheshelf."TheBooksAreMagic

teamisalsotakingadecidedlymodernapproachtothelaunch-coveringtheir

progressonsocialmediaandbuildingacommunityoffansontheirwebsite.What

istheBooksAreMagicteamgoingtodoforlocalwriters?

Givethembooksforfree.

Helppublishtheirbooks.

A:

Establishawriters'salon.

B:

Makethemknowntothepublic.

C:

答D:案：D

6、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whetheryouareavegetarianorameat-eater,carrycanvasorplastic,youareone

of7.5billionpeople.Theeffectofyourchoicesontheenvironmentissmall.And

yettheyhaveabigeffectonhowothersseeyou,andhowyou

seeyourself.Psychologistsfoundthatmakingpeopleworryaboutsocial

statusincreasedtheirinterestinbuyinggreenversusnongreenitems-butonly

iftheywereshoppinginpublic.PeopleinWashingtonStatewerewillingtobuythe

green-signalingPriusoveranequallyefficientcarthatdidn'tbroadcastits

virtue.SurveysoftensofthousandsofBritishpeoplesuggestthatgreen

behaviorssuchasbuyingrecycledproductsandtakingpublictransitincreased

lifesatisfaction-butonlyinsofarastheymadepeoplefeelgreen.And

feelingscanbemisleading:Mostpeoplewhocalledthemselvesgreennever

avoidedflying.Self-congratulation,moreover,canleadtoself-indulgence(自我放

纵).Whenpeopleshoppedinagreenonlinestore,theyfeltlikethey'ddonetheir

gooddeedforthedayandweremorelikelytocheatorstealinasubsequenttask-

aneffectpsychologistscall"morallicensing,"Similarly,gettingweeklyfeedback

onwaterconsumptionreducedpeople'swateruseby6percent,butitincreasedtheir

electricityuseby5.6percent-asiftheyfeltthatbeingcarefulinonearea

entitledthemtorelaxinanother.Tryingtobribepeopleintogreenbehavior

mayalsobackfire(适得其反)，bycrowdingoutmotivationslikecivicduty.When

Swisspeoplewereaskedwhetherthey'dsupportanuclear-wastefacilityintheir

community,thusputtingtheneedforlow-carbonpowersourcesaheadoflocalsafety

concens,halfsaidyes;whenseveralthousanddollarswereofferedtosweetenthe

deal,however,threeoutoffoursaidno.Noteveryonewantstobeseenasatree-

hugger(极端环保主义者)、ofcourse.Whilesomepeopletrytolookgreen.othersdo

theopposite-theyadoptEarth-unfriendlybehaviorssoastoavoidappearing

green.Menaremorelikelythanwomentohidetheirgreenness-maybebecauseboth

sexesassociateenvironmentalismwithwomanhood.Inexperiments,shopperswhouseda

canvasversusaplasticbagwereratedasmorefeminine,andmenavoidedproducts

thatweremarketedasgreen--unlesstheirmanhoodwasaffirmedfirst.Givenall

this,theresearcherssuggested,environmentalistsmightwanttocopycompaniesthat

havesuccessfullymarketedstereotypicallyfeminineproductstomen.Whydid

peopleinWashingtonStateprefertobuyPrius?

Itwasacarofhighquality.

Itwassoldatareasonableprice.

A:

Itwasfamousallovertheworld.

B:

Itwasregardedasearth-friendly.

C:

答D:案：D

7、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whetheryouareavegetarianorameat-eater,carrycanvasorplastic,youareone

of7.5billionpeople.Theeffectofyourchoicesontheenvironmentissmall.And

yettheyhaveabigeffectonhowothersseeyou,andhowyou

seeyourself.Psychologistsfoundthatmakingpeopleworryaboutsocial

statusincreasedtheirinterestinbuyinggreenversusnongreenitems-butonly

iftheywereshoppinginpublic.PeopleinWashingtonStatewerewillingtobuythe

green-signalingPriusoveranequallyefficientcarthatdidn'tbroadcastits

virtue.SurveysoftensofthousandsofBritishpeoplesuggestthatgreen

behaviorssuchasbuyingrecycledproductsandtakingpublictransitincreased

lifesatisfaction-butonlyinsofarastheymadepeoplefeelgreen.And

feelingscanbemisleading:Mostpeoplewhocalledthemselvesgreennever

avoidedflying.Self-congratulation,moreover,canleadtoself-indulgence(自我放

纵).Whenpeopleshoppedinagreenonlinestore,theyfeltlikethey'ddonetheir

gooddeedforthedayandweremorelikelytocheatorstealinasubsequenttask-

aneffectpsychologistscall"morallicensing,"Similarly,gettingweeklyfeedback

onwaterconsumptionreducedpeople'swateruseby6percent,butitincreasedtheir

electricityuseby5.6percent-asiftheyfeltthatbeingcarefulinonearea

entitledthemtorelaxinanother.Tryingtobribepeopleintogreenbehavior

mayalsobackfire(适得其反)，bycrowdingoutmotivationslikecivicduty.When

Swisspeoplewereaskedwhetherthey'dsupportanuclear-wastefacilityintheir

community,thusputtingtheneedforlow-carbonpowersourcesaheadoflocalsafety

concens,halfsaidyes;whenseveralthousanddollarswereofferedtosweetenthe

deal,however,threeoutoffoursaidno.Noteveryonewantstobeseenasatree-

hugger(极端环保主义者)、ofcourse.Whilesomepeopletrytolookgreen.othersdo

theopposite-theyadoptEarth-unfriendlybehaviorssoastoavoidappearing

green.Menaremorelikelythanwomentohidetheirgreenness-maybebecauseboth

sexesassociateenvironmentalismwithwomanhood.Inexperiments,shopperswhouseda

canvasversusaplasticbagwereratedasmorefeminine,andmenavoidedproducts

thatweremarketedasgreen--unlesstheirmanhoodwasaffirmedfirst.Givenall

this,theresearcherssuggested,environmentalistsmightwanttocopycompaniesthat

havesuccessfullymarketedstereotypicallyfeminineproductstomen.What

does“morallicensing'"mean?

Indulgingoneselfafteragooddeed.

Takingpublictransitwhennecessary.

A:

Takingashortbreakafterhardwork.

B:

Buyingenvironmentallyfriendlygoods.

C:

答D:案：A

8、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whetheryouareavegetarianorameat-eater,carrycanvasorplastic,youareone

of7.5billionpeople.Theeffectofyourchoicesontheenvironmentissmall.And

yettheyhaveabigeffectonhowothersseeyou,andhowyou

seeyourself.Psychologistsfoundthatmakingpeopleworryaboutsocial

statusincreasedtheirinterestinbuyinggreenversusnongreenitems-butonly

iftheywereshoppinginpublic.PeopleinWashingtonStatewerewillingtobuythe

green-signalingPriusoveranequallyefficientcarthatdidn'tbroadcastits

virtue.SurveysoftensofthousandsofBritishpeoplesuggestthatgreen

behaviorssuchasbuyingrecycledproductsandtakingpublictransitincreased

lifesatisfaction-butonlyinsofarastheymadepeoplefeelgreen.And

feelingscanbemisleading:Mostpeoplewhocalledthemselvesgreennever

avoidedflying.Self-congratulation,moreover,canleadtoself-indulgence(自我放

纵).Whenpeopleshoppedinagreenonlinestore,theyfeltlikethey'ddonetheir

gooddeedforthedayandweremorelikelytocheatorstealinasubsequenttask-

aneffectpsychologistscall"morallicensing,"Similarly,gettingweeklyfeedback

onwaterconsumptionreducedpeople'swateruseby6percent,butitincreasedtheir

electricityuseby5.6percent-asiftheyfeltthatbeingcarefulinonearea

entitledthemtorelaxinanother.Tryingtobribepeopleintogreenbehavior

mayalsobackfire(适得其反)，bycrowdingoutmotivationslikecivicduty.When

Swisspeoplewereaskedwhetherthey'dsupportanuclear-wastefacilityintheir

community,thusputtingtheneedforlow-carbonpowersourcesaheadoflocalsafety

concens,halfsaidyes;whenseveralthousanddollarswereofferedtosweetenthe

deal,however,threeoutoffoursaidno.Noteveryonewantstobeseenasatree-

hugger(极端环保主义者)、ofcourse.Whilesomepeopletrytolookgreen.othersdo

theopposite-theyadoptEarth-unfriendlybehaviorssoastoavoidappearing

green.Menaremorelikelythanwomentohidetheirgreenness-maybebecauseboth

sexesassociateenvironmentalismwithwomanhood.Inexperiments,shopperswhouseda

canvasversusaplasticbagwereratedasmorefeminine,andmenavoidedproducts

thatweremarketedasgreen--unlesstheirmanhoodwasaffirmedfirst.Givenall

this,theresearcherssuggested,environmentalistsmightwanttocopycompaniesthat

havesuccessfullymarketedstereotypicallyfeminineproductstomen.TheSwiss

exampleshowsthatgivingpeoplemoney______.

mightnotmakethemsupportagreenbehavior

couldnotattracttheirattentiontoanevent

A:

couldspeedupthemakingofadeal

B:

mightdismisstheirsafetyconcerns

C:

答D:案：A

9、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whetheryouareavegetarianorameat-eater,carrycanvasorplastic,youareone

of7.5billionpeople.Theeffectofyourchoicesontheenvironmentissmall.And

yettheyhaveabigeffectonhowothersseeyou,andhowyou

seeyourself.Psychologistsfoundthatmakingpeopleworryaboutsocial

statusincreasedtheirinterestinbuyinggreenversusnongreenitems-butonly

iftheywereshoppinginpublic.PeopleinWashingtonStatewerewillingtobuythe

green-signalingPriusoveranequallyefficientcarthatdidn'tbroadcastits

virtue.SurveysoftensofthousandsofBritishpeoplesuggestthatgreen

behaviorssuchasbuyingrecycledproductsandtakingpublictransitincreased

lifesatisfaction-butonlyinsofarastheymadepeoplefeelgreen.And

feelingscanbemisleading:Mostpeoplewhocalledthemselvesgreennever

avoidedflying.Self-congratulation,moreover,canleadtoself-indulgence(自我放

纵).Whenpeopleshoppedinagreenonlinestore,theyfeltlikethey'ddonetheir

gooddeedforthedayandweremorelikelytocheatorstealinasubsequenttask-

aneffectpsychologistscall"morallicensing,"Similarly,gettingweeklyfeedback

onwaterconsumptionreducedpeople'swateruseby6percent,butitincreasedtheir

electricityuseby5.6percent-asiftheyfeltthatbeingcarefulinonearea

entitledthemtorelaxinanother.Tryingtobribepeopleintogreenbehavior

mayalsobackfire(适得其反)，bycrowdingoutmotivationslikecivicduty.When

Swisspeoplewereaskedwhetherthey'dsupportanuclear-wastefacilityintheir

community,thusputtingtheneedforlow-carbonpowersourcesaheadoflocalsafety

concens,halfsaidyes;whenseveralthousanddollarswereofferedtosweetenthe

deal,however,threeoutoffoursaidno.Noteveryonewantstobeseenasatree-

hugger(极端环保主义者)、ofcourse.Whilesomepeopletrytolookgreen.othersdo

theopposite-theyadoptEarth-unfriendlybehaviorssoastoavoidappearing

green.Menaremorelikelythanwomentohidetheirgreenness-maybebecauseboth

sexesassociateenvironmentalismwithwomanhood.Inexperiments,shopperswhouseda

canvasversusaplasticbagwereratedasmorefeminine,andmenavoidedproducts

thatweremarketedasgreen--unlesstheirmanhoodwasaffirmedfirst.Givenall

this,theresearcherssuggested,environmentalistsmightwanttocopycompaniesthat

havesuccessfullymarketedstereotypicallyfeminineproductstomen.In

experiments,themenwhousedacanvasbaginshoppingwereseenas______.

cautious

womanly

A:

ridiculous

B:

considerate

C:

答D:案：B

10、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whetheryouareavegetarianorameat-eater,carrycanvasorplastic,youareone

of7.5billionpeople.Theeffectofyourchoicesontheenvironmentissmall.And

yettheyhaveabigeffectonhowothersseeyou,andhowyou

seeyourself.Psychologistsfoundthatmakingpeopleworryaboutsocial

statusincreasedtheirinterestinbuyinggreenversusnongreenitems-butonly

iftheywereshoppinginpublic.PeopleinWashingtonStatewerewillingtobuythe

green-signalingPriusoveranequallyefficientcarthatdidn'tbroadcastits

virtue.SurveysoftensofthousandsofBritishpeoplesuggestthatgreen

behaviorssuchasbuyingrecycledproductsandtakingpublictransitincreased

lifesatisfaction-butonlyinsofarastheymadepeoplefeelgreen.And

feelingscanbemisleading:Mostpeoplewhocalledthemselvesgreennever

avoidedflying.Self-congratulation,moreover,canleadtoself-indulgence(自我放

纵).Whenpeopleshoppedinagreenonlinestore,theyfeltlikethey'ddonetheir

gooddeedforthedayandweremorelikelytocheatorstealinasubsequenttask-

aneffectpsychologistscall"morallicensing,"Similarly,gettingweeklyfeedback

onwaterconsumptionreducedpeople'swateruseby6percent,butitincreasedtheir

electricityuseby5.6percent-asiftheyfeltthatbeingcarefulinonearea

entitledthemtorelaxinanother.Tryingtobribepeopleintogreenbehavior

mayalsobackfire(适得其反)，bycrowdingoutmotivationslikecivicduty.When

Swisspeoplewereaskedwhetherthey'dsupportanuclear-wastefacilityintheir

community,thusputtingtheneedforlow-carbonpowersourcesaheadoflocalsafety

concens,halfsaidyes;whenseveralthousanddollarswereofferedtosweetenthe

deal,however,threeoutoffoursaidno.Noteveryonewantstobeseenasatree-

hugger(极端环保主义者)、ofcourse.Whilesomepeopletrytolookgreen.othersdo

theopposite-theyadoptEarth-unfriendlybehaviorssoastoavoidappearing

green.Menaremorelikelythanwomentohidetheirgreenness-maybebecauseboth

sexesassociateenvironmentalismwithwomanhood.Inexperiments,shopperswhouseda

canvasversusaplasticbagwereratedasmorefeminine,andmenavoidedproducts

thatweremarketedasgreen--unlesstheirmanhoodwasaffirmedfirst.Givenall

this,theresearcherssuggested,environmentalistsmightwanttocopycompaniesthat

havesuccessfullymarketedstereotypicallyfeminineproductstomen.Whatisone

conditionunderwhichamanwouldgogreen?

Ifheiswell-educated.

Ifheisself-disciplined.

A:

Ifhisfamilystandswithhim.

B:

Ifhisimageofmanhoodremainsintact.

C:

答D:案：D

11、【单选题】Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ajointbankaccounthas,traditionally,beenasignofcommitment.As

newlywedsstarttheirlivestogether,itisperhapstheclearestwayforthemtosay

toeachother,“What'smineisyours,andwhat'syoursismine."Butthese

days,someyoungcouplesdoubtit.Inmyrecentresearchonmoneyorganizationin

romanticrelationships,IfoundthatMillennial(千禧一代)marriedand

cohabitating(同居)couplesaremorelikelytoholdseparateaccountsthanprevious

generationsare.SomeofthishastedowithMillennialmarriagetrends.Compared

topreviousgenerations,Millennialsgetmarriedlaterinlife,andthusmoreof

themlivetogetherbeforemarriage.Cohabitatingcouplesarefarmorelikelythan

marriedcouplestokeepfinancesseparate.Whentoday'syoungadultsdodecideto

getmarried,manyofthemarefurtheralongintheircareers,withabettersenseof

whotheyareandwhattheycontributetotheirworkplace.Theybelievethatone's

bankaccountoffersaclearreflectionofaperson'ssuccess,anditcanbehardto

losecontrol.WhenIaskedseveralmarriedMillennialcouplesinasurveywhy

theydecidedtokeeptheirfinancesfullyorpartiallyseparate,onereasoncameup

morethananyother:Ajointbankaccountseemedtomakeeachindividual's

fin