2024年人教版中考英语复习专题三形容词和副词

初中语法专题三形容词和副词形容词和副词的基本用法：形容词：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词eg.HanMeiisabeautifulgirl.(定语)Themealisverydelicious.(表语)Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.(宾语补足语)注意：形容词修饰名词的顺序可简称为“限观形龄色国材”限限定词（冠词、指示代词、形物代、所有格、数词等）the/this/that/one...观表示观点的表述性形容词clever/interesting...形表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词small/tall/round/big...龄表示年龄、新旧的形容词Young/old/new...色表示颜色的形容词red/black/white...国表示国籍的形容词Chinese/English...材表示材质的形容词wooden/plastic...2.形容词其它的用法：(1)形容词用来修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。Eg.You'dbettertellussomethinginteresting.以ed和以ing结尾的形容词区别在于：以ed结尾的形容词一般用来修饰人的情绪、态度，翻译为“感到……”；以ing结尾的形容词用来修饰事物的特征，翻译为“令人……”。此类形容词有excitingexcited,surprisingsurprised,amazingamazed,boringbored,tiringtired,interestinginterested,relaxingrelaxedEg.Becauseofthetiringwork,hefelttired.It's+adj+for/of+sb+to的用法：若前面的形容词是带感情色彩用来修饰人的，如clever,nice,generouskind,polite等就用of;若不带感情色彩仅表客观事实用来修饰物的，如important,necessary,difficult等就用for.3.副词的用法和位置：副词可以用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子1)Theflowerisquitebeautiful.(修饰形容词，前置)2)Heworkshard.(修饰动词，后置)3)JanespeaksChinesequitewell.(修饰副词，前置)4)Unluckily,hefailedtogetthefirstprize.(修饰句子，前置)5)Kittyisalwayshappyandfriendly.(频度副词，位于be动词后)6)Weoftengoforaswimatthebeach.(频度副词，位于行为动词前)4.副词的构成：即形容词变副词规则大多数形容词直接加lyslowslowlyquickquickly以y结尾的形容词变y为i,再加lyeasyeasilyhappyhappily以辅音字母+le结尾的形容词去e再加yterribleterriblypossiblepossibly以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词要去e，再加lytruetruly注意：1).有些单词本身就是副词，无需作相应的变化：often,fast,always,now...2).有些adj与adv同行：fast,early,hard,late...Hegotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.He’sahardworker.(hard

adj.)/Heworksveryhard.(hard

adv.)Mywatchisfiveminutesfast.我的手表快五分钟。（fast

adj.）Shecantypefast.她打字速度很快。(fast

adv.)3).以ly结尾，但是是形容词的词：friendly,lovely,lonely,ugly...

Heisfriendly.Theoldmanfeelslonely.二、形容词和副词的等级▲（一）形容词和副词比较等级的构成1.规则变化：（1）一般在词尾加er或者esteg.longlongerlongest（2）以字母e结尾的词，只加er或者esteg.widewiderwidest（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i，再加er或者esteg.happyhappierhappiest（4）以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er或者esteg.hothotterhottest（5）部分双音节和多音节词，在词前加more或者mosteg.importantmoreimportantmostimportant2.不规则变化：many/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfewfewerfewestgood/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworst★farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest注意：farther/farthest表示实际距离，意为“更远的/最远的”further/furthest表示抽象距离，意为“更进一步的/最深层次的”older/oldest表示年龄上的大小，而elder/eldest表示辈份上的大小▲（二）形容词和副词比较等级的用法原级的用法肯定句：A+谓语+as+adj原级+as+B表示“A与B一样”eg:Thisroomisasbigasthatroom.否定句：A+谓语+not+as/so+adj原级+as+B表示“A与B不一样，A不如B”eg:Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatroom.注意：原级前可以用very,quiet,so,too来修饰比较级的用法：两者之间进行比较，表示“较，更”，than是比较级标志(1)A+谓语+比较级+than+B表示“A比B…..”eg:Thisroomisbiggerthanthatroom.(2)Who/Which+be+比较级，AorB？eg:Whoisbetter,LilyorLuch?(3)….+bethe+比较级+ofthetwoeg:Lilyisthebetterofthetwogirls.(4)单音节词：比较级+and+比较级“越来越….”eg:longerandlonger多音节词：moreandmore+adj原级“越来越…”eg.moreandmorebeautiful(5)the+比较级，the+比较级“越….，越….”eg:Themore,thebetter.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.注意：比较级前可以用much,alittle,far,even,still,alot,any,no来修饰最高级的用法：三者或三者之上的比较用最高级，表示“最”，且形容词最高级前面必须要加“the”，但副词最高级前可以省略“the”(1)….the+最高级+of，in…….后加比较范围，是最高级标志eg:Heistheyoungestboyinhisclass.(2)Who/Which+be+最高级，A，BorC？eg:Whoisthebest,Lily,LucyorPolly?(3)…..+be+oneof+the+最高级+复数名词…“最….之一”eg:Shanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.★4.原级，比较级及最高级之间的转换Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatroom.=Thisroomissmallerthanthatroom/one.=Thatroomisbiggerthanthisroom/one.Heistheyoungestboyinhisclass.(anyother+单数=theother+复数)=Heisyoungerthananyotherboyinhisclass.=Heisyoungerthantheotherboysinhisclass.课堂练习()1.Thisboxis______thatone.

A.heavythanB.soheavythanC.heavierasD.asheavyas

()2.Whenwespeaktopeople,weshouldbe______.

A.aspoliteaspossibleB.aspoliteaspossiblyC.aspolitelyaspossibleD.aspolitelyaspossibly()3.Thisbookis______thatone,but______thanthatone.

A.asdifficultas;expensive B.asmoredifficultas;moreexpensive

C.asdifficultas;moreexpensive D.moredifficultas;asexpensive

()4.Ithinkthestoryisnotso______asthatone.

A.interestingB.interestedC.moreinterestingD.mostinteresting

()5.Farmershavebee______inourhometowninrecentyears.

A.moreandmorerichB.richerandricherC.morerichandmorerichD.richandrich

()6.Ithinkscienceis______thanJapanese.

A.muchimportantB.importantC.muchmoreimportantD.moremuchimportant

()7.Thispencilis______thanthatone.

A.longestB.longC.longerD.aslong

()8.Mymotherisno______young.

A.shorterB.longerC.littleD.few

()9.Thesechildrenare______thisyearthantheywerelastyear.

A.moretallB.moretallerC.verytallerD.muchtaller

()10.Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis______today.

A.evenhotterB.morehotterC.muchmorehotD.muchhot

()11.Mrs.Blackhasgot______insteadofgettinganybetter.

A.morebadB.alittleworseC.muchbadlyD.alotofworse

()12.Don'tworry.Heis______tolookafterlittleBetty.

A.carefullyenoughB.enoughcarefulC.carefulenoughD.enoughcarefully

()13.Thehouseis______smallforafamilyofsix.

A.muchtooB.toomuchC.verymuchD.so

()14.Throughthewindowwecanseenothingbut______buildings.

A.tallverymanyB.verymanytallC.verytallmanyD.manyverytall

()15.Hedidn'tsing______thatnightasheusuallydid..

A.sowellB.sobetterC.morebetterD.morewell

()16.Thejacketwasso______thathedecidedtobuyit.,

A.muchB.littleC.expensiveD.cheap

()17.Ourclassroomis______largerthantheirs.

A.moreB.quiteC.veryD.much

()18.Theearthisabout______asthemoon.

A.asfiftytimebigB.fiftytimesasbigC.asbigfiftytimesD.fiftyastimesbig

()19.Yourroomis______mine.

A.twiceaslargethanB.twicethesamesizeofC.biggertwicethanD.twiceaslargeas

()20.Yourroomis______thanmine.

A.threetimebigB.threetimesbigC.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes()21.LiLeiis______studentinourclass.

A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest

()22.Thefifthorangeis______ofall.Giveittothatsmallchild.

A.bigB.biggerC.thebiggerD.thebiggest

()23.Whois______ofyouthree?

A.theoldestB.mucholderC.oldestD.older

()24.Tomisoneof______boysinourclass.

A.tallestB.tallerC.thetallestB.thetall

()25.Englishisoneof______spokenintheworld.

A.theimportantlanguages B.themostimportantlanguagesC.mostimportantlanguage D.themostimportantlanguage

()26.Beijingisoneof____inChina.

A.thelargestcityB.thelargecitiesC.thelargercitiesD.thelargestcities

()27.Ihave______totellyou.Maybeyouwillbe______init.

A.interestingsomething;interestedB.somethinginteresting;interestingC.somethinginteresting;interestedB.interestingsomething;interesting

()28.Lucyisbetter______singingwhileLilydoesbetter______dancing.

A.in,inB.in,atC.at,inD.at,at

()29.______areherewateringtheflowershere.

A.SomeB.SomeoftheboysC.SomeboyD.Someofboys

()30.______haven'tbeentoAmerican.

A.MostthemB.MosttheyC.MoreofthemD.Mostofthey()31.______youeback,______itwillbe.

A.Thequicker,thebestB.Thesooner,thebetterC.Faster,thebetterD.Thesooner,better

()32.Ilike______oneofthetwobooks.

A.theolderB.oldestC.theoldestD.older

()33.Whichis______country,ChinaorJapan?

A.thelargeB.thelargerC.largerD.largest

()34.Ofthetwocups,hebought______.

A.thesmallerB.thesmallestC.smallD.smaller

()35.Whichdoyoulike______,teaorcoffee?

A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most

()36.Thisworkis______formethanforyou.

A.difficultB.mostdifficultC.muchdifficultD.moredifficult

()37.Whichdoyouthinktastes______,thechickenorthefish?

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well

()38.TheGreatPyramidisabout137metershightoday,butitwasonce______.

A.higherB.highestC.hightooD.morehigh

()39.Don'tyouthinkit______nottowritetheletter?

A.wellB.betterC.bestD.good

()40.Whojumped______ofall?

A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.themostfar

课后练习一、根据所给单词的正确形式填空，使句意完整。1.Thedriverisvery________．Heoftendriveshiscar________．(careful)Jimjumps________

ofallthestudents．（high）Healwaystalkstootherpeopleina________way.(friend)Doitas_________(hard)aspossible.The________(much)Jimthought,the________(slowly)heacted.IsLiMingas________(strong)asWeiFang?No,LiMingis________(strong)thanWeiFang.It’s_________tolearnhowtoplaybasketball.(easy)Weshoulddrivethecaras________(care)aswecan.Whoruns________(fast),Tom,PeterorMike?Ofallthestudents,Debbiedid________(good)TheYellowRiveristhesecond________（long）riverinChina．Shanghaiisoneof________（large）citiesintheworld．The________

childrenplayed________

inthepark．（happy）Whichkindofmeatis________（popular），beef，porkorchicken？Mathsisas________

asEnglish．（interest）________youwork，________youwilllearn．（hard，many）Englishis________

usedintheworld．（wide）Ourcountryisbeing________and________

thaneverbefore．（rich，strong)Walkingonthemoonis________（difficult）thanwalkingontheearth．WhathaveIdonetomakeyouso________（angry）？二、单项选择。()1.Hisfatheris______thanhismother.

A.olderfouryearsB.asfouryearsolderC.fouryearsolderD.biggerfouryears

()2.Mathismorepopularthan______.

A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjectsC.anysubjectD.othersubject

()3.Chinaislargerthan______inAfrica.

A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry

()4.Tomisstrongerthan______inhisclass.

A.anyotherboysB.anyboysC.anyboyD.theotherboys

()5.Whenspringes,itgets______.

A.warmandwarmB.colderandcolderC.warmerandwarmerD.shorterandshorter

()6.Byandby,______studentsinourclasscametolikeEnglish.A.moreandmoreB.muchandmuchC.manyandmanyD.lessandleast

()7.Atlasthebegantocry______.

A.hardandhardB.morehardandmorehardC.harderandharderD.lesshardandlessharder

()8.Whenspringesthedaysget______andnightsget______.

A.short,longB.long,shortC.longer,shorterD.shorter,longer

()9.______Ilookatthepicture,______Ilikeit.

A.Thebest,themoreB.Themore,thelessC.Themore,lessD.More,themore

()10.______hereadthebook,______hegotinit.A.Themore,themoreinterestingB.Theless,themoreinterestingC.Themore,themoreinterestedD.More,moreinterested