2023届山东省济宁市高考一模英语 含解析

济宁市2023年高考模拟考试

英语试题

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

“Iwassleepingonthestreetforninedays.Ifitweren'tforCrisis,Imighthavedied,^^saidEddie,whowasa

chefforyears,workinginluxurioushotelsinLondon.Helosthisjobandhishealthdeclined.Hespentailhis

savingsonrentandwasforcedtoleavehishomewhentheyranout.

Hestayedwithafriend,butitwascrowded,andhisfriendeventuallyaskedhimtoleave.Eddiefoundout

aboutCrisisbychanceandwasreferredtoaCrisisatChristmashotel.

EddiewasgivenaCrisiscoach,whosupportedhiminfindingsomewheretoliveandhewasgivenaphone,

whichheusedtolookforwork.Eddieissettledinhisnewhome.Hishealthconditionismuchbetterandheis

lookingforwardtothefuture.

Rightnowthousandsofpeopleatthesharpendofpovertyarebeingpushedintohomelessness.Peopleare

beingleftwithnooptionsthantogowithoutbasicslikefood,heatingorkeepingaroofovertheirheads.

Pleasedonatetodaytoendsomeone'shomelessnessandsupporttoleavehomelessnessbehindforgood.

£10monthlycouldprovideawarmwelcomeandhelpsomeonetaketheirfirststepsoutofhomelessness.

•£32monthlycouldhelpfundone-to-onespecialistcoachinginhousing,benefits,well-beingandwork.

•£64monthlycouldhelpfundoneofoursupportworkerstoassistsomeonetrappedintemporary

accommodationinlookingforaffordableandsettledhousing.

•£100monthlycouldbuyahouseholdstarterkit,filledwithessentialssomeonemightnotbeabletoafford,to

helpthemsettleintotheirnewhome.

Pleasesearch'CrisisatChristmas'tomakeyourdonation.Hereishow:

口08009992060Room006,Freepost,CrisisatChristmas^^Scanthe

QRcode

withyourphone

cameratodonate

1.WhatisCrisisatChristmas?

A.Ahotel.B.Ahealthcenter.

C.Anemploymentagency.D.Acharityorganization.

2.Whatdifferencecanyoumaketoabeneficiarywithadonationof£32monthly?

A.Helpingrentaluxurioushouse.

B.Helpingthrowawelcomeparty.

C.Helpingbuyhouseholdnecessities.

D.Helpinggetpersonalizedguidance.

3.Howmanywaysaretheretomakeadonation?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

【答案】l.D2.D3.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对慈善组织CrisisatChristmas作捐赠的方式和不同金额可实现的

帮助意义。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中"Iwassleepingonthestreetforninedays.Ifitweren'tforCrisis,Imighthave

died,"saidEddie,"（“我在街上睡了九天。如果不是Crisis,我可能已经死了，”埃迪说，）第三段中

uEddiewasgivenaCrisiscoach,whosupportedhiminfindingsomewheretoliveandhewasgivenaphone,

whichheusedtolookforwork.”（埃迪得到了一个Crisis教练，这个教练支持他找到住的地方，他得到

了一部电话，他用来找工作。）第五段中uPleasedonatetodaytoendsomeone'shomelessnessandsupportto

leavehomelessnessbehindforgood.”（请今天捐款，来帮助无家可归的人结束苦难，并支持永远摆脱无家

可归。）可推知，CrisisatChristmas是一个帮助无家可归的人的一个慈善机构。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据题干关键词“£32monthly”定位于文章中第五段下“£32monthlycouldhelpfundone-to-

onespecialistcoachinginhousing,benefits,well-beingandwork."（每个月32法郎可以帮助实现在住房、

救济金、福利和工作方面实现一对一的专家辅导。）可知，每个月捐赠32法郎，可以帮助实现获得个性

化的指导。故选D。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中提到可以通过打电话、直接到办公地点和扫描二维码共三种方式来实现捐

赠，故选C。

B

Bard,Kinetic（CoffeeHousePress,2023）byAnneWaldman,oneofthemostimportantlivingAmerican

poets,isanewcollectionofautobiographical（自传体的）pieces,includingpublishedandunpublishedessays,

correspondence,interviews,andpoemsfromthelast20years.

Thoughtheoriginofthetextsandpoemsisrelativelyrecent,Bard,KinetictracksWaldman'slifefromher

childhoodinGreenwichVillagetothepresent.Ratherthanamemoir(回忆录)，thisenergeticcollection

integratesherstoriesintocontexts——literary,political,spiritual,familial.

InSketch,thefirstandlongestpieceinthebook,Waldmandescribeswhatguidedhertopoetryfromanearly

age—Herintellectualandartisticparentsencouragedher“toreadwidely,towrite,think,talkaboutit,becurious

andcritical."ReadingSketchforitswonderfulautobiographicaldetailsandthesuccessfulmomentsthatrun

throughWaldman'slifeisapleasure.InInterviewwithPoetas,Madrid2018,anotherpiecefromthebook's

secondsection,shewrote,4<Weneedculturalandhumanitarianrevolution.Weneedpoetrytoremindusofthe

magicwehavehadthatneedsattendanceandrecharge.^^Hervoiceandvisionhaveacollectivewidth.

Waldmaninsistsoncombiningartwithnearlyeveryaspectofherlife.Bard,Kinetic,atallpoints,ahigh-

energyconstruct,andatallpoints,anenergy-discharge,putsreadersonthepathtorecognizingpoetryasamental

aid,asanactionthatreachesacrossgeography,species,andtime.Asshewroteinthebook'spreface,she

commandsherselfto“keeppushingforknowledge,studywithadeeperinvestigationandadeeperaction.The

action,totallynecessary”.ThesearehighaimsthatWaldmanhasinsistedon,tirelessly,herentirelife.Waldman

shines.Herheartcouldbeourheart.

ThisnewbookisbestreadasacompanionofVowtoPoetry(2001),Waldman'spreviouscollectionof

interviewsandautobiographicalessays,whichwillhelpreadersappreciatethisbookbetter.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutBard,KineticbyWaldman?

A.Itisamemoir.B.Itdocumentsherlifeandwork.

C.Itisherfirstcollectionofpoems.D.ItistobeissuedbyCoffeeHousePress.

5.Whafsthepurposeofparagraph3?

A.Toaddrelevantbackgroundinformation.

B.Tohelpreadersgainpartialinsightintothebook.

C.Topersuadereaderstoconductselectivereading.

D.TointroduceWaldman'swritingstyles.

6.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentence“Herheartcouldbeourheart.,,inparagraph4?

A.Weshouldsticktoourgoals.

B.Weshouldlearnpoemsbyheart.

C.Weshouldseekfameandwealth.

D.Weshouldenjoylifetoourhearts'content.

7.What'sthetext?

A.Adiaryentry.B.Anewsreport.

C.Abookreview.D.Anautobiography.

【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是关于书籍的书评。

【4题详解】

名出节理解题。根据第--段“Bard,Kinetic（CoffeeHousePress,2023）byAnneWaldman,oneofthemost

importantlivingAmericanpoets,isanewcollectionofautobiographical（自传体的）pieces,includingpublished

andunpublishedessays,correspondence,interviews,andpoemsfromthelast20years.v（Bard,Kinetic（咖啡屋

出版社，2023），作者安妮•沃尔德曼，美国当代最重要的诗人之一，是一个新的自传体作品集，包括发

表和未发表的散文，通信，采访，和过去20年来的所有诗歌。）及第二段第一句"Thoughtheoriginofthe

textsandpoemsisrelativelyrecent,Bard,KinetictracksWaldman'slifefromherchildhoodinGreenwichVillage

tothepresent."（虽然这些文本和诗歌的起源相对较晚，但是Bard,Kinetic记录了沃尔德曼从格林尼治村

的童年到现在的生活。）可知，Bard,Kinetic记录了作者的的生活和工作情况。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中"InSketch,thefirstandlongestpieceinthebook,Waldmandescribeswhatguided

hertopoetryfromanearlyage——Herintellectualandartisticparentsencouragedher“toreadwidely,towrite,

think,talkaboutit,becuriousandcritical."ReadingSketchforitswonderfulautobiographicaldetailsandthe

successfulmomentsthatrunthroughWaldman'slifeisapleasure.InInterviewwithPoetas,Madrid2018,another

piecefromthebook,ssecondsection,shewrote,*'Weneedculturalandhumanitarianrevolution."（在书中第一

篇也是最长的一篇《Sketch》中，沃尔德曼描述了是什么引导她从小就开始写诗——她的知识分子和艺术

家父母鼓励她“广泛阅读，写作、思考、谈论诗歌，保持好奇心和批判精神。”阅读《Sketch》的精彩自

传细节和贯穿沃尔德曼的生活的成功的时刻是一种乐趣。在书的第二部分的一节《InterviewwithPoetas,

Madrid2018》中，她写道：“我们需要文化和人道主义革命。）可知，本段对书籍中的部分情节做了一个

描述，因而其目的是帮助读者了解这本书的部分内容。故选B。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“Asshewroteinthebook'spreface,shecommandsherselfto"keeppushingfor

knowledge,studywithadeeperinvestigationandadeeperaction.Theaction,totallynecessary".Thesearehigh

aimsthatWaldmanhasinsistedon,tirelessly,herentirelife.（正如她在书的序言中所写的，她让自己“不

断追求知识，用更深入的研究和更深入的行动来学习。行动，完全必要”。这些都是沃尔德曼一生孜孜

不倦地坚持的崇高目标。）可知，沃尔德曼一生孜孜不倦地坚持着自己的崇高目标。可推知，划线句指作

为读者，应该学习她对目标执着的追求的这种精神。选项A与文意相符，故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，本文首先在第一段对书籍Bard,Kinetic给出了总的描述：它是一个新的自传体作

品集，进而在接下来的段落中描述了书的内容及书籍作者对目标的追求，最后一段"Thisnewbookisbest

readasacompanionofVbwtoPoetry（2001）,Waldman'spreviouscollectionofinterviewsandautobiographical

essays,whichwillhelpreadersappreciatethisbookbetter."（这本新书作为《向诗宣誓》（2001）的最好的姊

妹篇，《向诗宣誓》是沃尔德曼以前收集的采访和自传体散文，这本书将帮助读者更好地欣赏这本书。）

可知，本文是对书籍Bard,Kinetic的一个书评。故选C。

C

Manyimportantdecisionsboildowntoachoicebetweenkeepingthesupposedsafetyandriskinggoingout

forachanceatgettingsomethingevenbetter.Thoughrisk-takingpreferencesvarybetweenindividuals,research

withhumansshowsthatwe'reallgenerallylesswillingtotakerisksinsituationswithmoreambiguous（模糊

的）outcomes."Thefindingshouldalsoapplytorisk-takinginchimps（黑猩猩）,oneofourclosest

evolutionary（进化的）ancestors,9,saidHaux,fromMaxPlanckInstitutefbrHumanDevelopment.

Totesttheevolutionaryrootsofhumanriskpreference,Hauxandhiscolleaguesmeasured55chimpsliving

inreservesfortheirriskyandambiguouschoicesinanexperimentalsetting.Ineachtrial,theychoseaballfrom

oneoftwopots.Onepotwasalwayssafebecauseitcontainedtwoballsfilledwithonepeanuteach.Intherisky

condition,thesecondpotalsocontainedtwoballs,butonewasfilledwithtwopeanutsandtheotherwithnothing.

Intheambiguouscondition,theballsinthesecondpotstillcontainedtworewardsornothing,butthecontentsin

thepotwasentirelyinvisibletothechimps.

Onaverage,chimpschosetheriskypotoverthesafepot55%ofthetimebutchosetheambiguouspotover

thesafepotinjust25%oftrials.Thissuggeststhatchimps,likehumans,prefertoavoidsituationswith

ambiguousversusknownrisks.

''Structuralsimilaritiesinriskpreferencesofhumansandoneofourclosestlivingrelativesarelikelyto

reflectadaptationstosimilardynamicsinevolution.Whilemanyotherfactorsmayinfluencehumanrisk-taking

preferences,theparallelsbetweenhumanandchimpbehaviorsuggestthatevolutionaryadaptionshavehelpedset

aconsistentbaseline,Hauxsaid.

Futureworkwillcomparehowtherisk-takingpreferencesofchimpslivinginreservesmaydifferfromthose

livinginzoosorinthewild,aswellashowtheycomparetothoseofbonobos,anothercloseevolutionaryrelative

ofhumans,Hauxadded.

8.Whywastheresearchonriskpreferenceconductedonchimps?

A.Totesttheirintelligencelevel.

B.Toguidethemtomakewisedecisions.

C.Toprovetheevolutionaryconsistency.

D.TodistinguisheachindividuaFsdifference.

9.Whichillustratestheriskyconditionintheexperimentalsetting?

A.®©O

B.©©©O

PotIPot2PaIPot2

oo

©®©©D.

PotIPol2Pol1Pot2

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“paraHels“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Conflicts.B.Interactions.

C.Misunderstandings.D.Similarities.

11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Therangeofthesubjectswillbeextended.

B.Hauxissatisfiedwiththecurrentresearch.

C.Bonobosareacloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans.

DTheresearchtopicwillbeshiftedintoanotherfield.

【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个科学发现即在人类身上的冒险偏好在黑猩猩身上同样适用。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中WltThefindingshouldalsoapplytorisk-takinginchimps（黑猩猩），oneofour

closestevolutionary（进化的）ancestors,"（"这一发现也适用于黑猩猩的冒险行为，黑猩猩是我们进化中

最接近的祖先之一。“）”可知，之所以选择在黑猩猩身上作关于冒险偏好的实验，是因为该物种是和人

类最为接近的，即人类所呈现出的风险偏好特点同样适用于黑猩猩，因为进化的一致性。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中"Intheriskycondition,thesecondpotalsocontainedtwoballs,butonewasfilled

withtwopeanutsandtheotherwithnothing.（在危险的情况下，第二个罐子里也有两个球，但一个装满了两

颗花生，另一个什么都没有。）”可知，在危险的情况下，第二个罐子里也有两个球，但一个装满了两颗

花生，另一个什么都没有。故选B。

【10题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子uStructuralsimilaritiesinriskpreferencesofhumansandoneofour

closestlivingrelativesarelikelytoreflectadaptationstosimilardynamicsinevolution.（人类和我们现存的近亲

之一在风险偏好上的结构相似性很可能反映了对进化过程中类似动态的适应。）"以及"Whilemanyother

factorsmayinfluencehumanrisk-takingpreferences（虽然许多其他因素可能会影响人类的冒险偏好）”可知，

虽然有很多因素会影响人类冒险的偏好，但是人类和黑猩猩在行为模式上的相似性反映了进化过程中类

似动态的适应，故划线词paral同与前文的similarities为同义词，意为“相似的"。故选D。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Futureworkwillcomparehowtherisk-takingpreferencesofchimpslivingin

reservesmaydifferfromthoselivinginzoosorinthewild,aswellashowtheycomparetothoseofbonobos,

anothercloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans,Hauxadded.（Haux补充说，未来的工作将比较生活在保护区的

黑猩猩与生活在动物园或野外的黑猩猩的冒险偏好有何不同，以及它们与倭黑猩猩的冒险偏好有何不

同，倭黑猩猩是人类的另一个进化近亲。）”可知，在未来的研究中，研究者们将会对生活在保护区的黑

猩猩与生活在动物园或者野外的黑猩猩的冒险偏好进行比较。由此推断对研究的主题将会不断扩大。故

选Ao

D

Withlunarexplorationrocketing,itposesmanychallenges.Amongthemisafundamentalquestion

metrologists（计量学家）worldwideareworkingtoanswer:whattimeisitontheMoon?

TheMoondoesn'tcurrentlyhaveanindependenttime.Eachlunarmissionusesitsowntimescaleto

coordinateduniversaltime,orUTC—thestandardagainstwhichtheearth'sclocksareset.Theapproachworks

whentheMoonhostsahandfulofindependentmissions,butitwillbeaproblemwhentherearemultiplecraft

workingtogether.Spaceagencieswillalsowanttotrackthemusingsatellitenavigation,whichreliesonprecise

timingsignals.

Themostpressingneedforlunartimecomesfromplanstocreateadedicatedglobalnavigationsatellitesystem

（GNSS）fortheMoon.Totacklethisproblem,representativesofspaceagenciesandacademicorganizations

worldwidemetinNovember2022tostartdraftingrecommendationsonhowtodefinelunartime.

Defininglunartimeisnotsimple.AccordingtotheSpecialTheoryofRelativity,clockstickslowerinstronger

gravitationalfields.TheMoon'sgravitationalpullisweakerthanEarth's,meaningalunarclockwouldrunfaster

thananEarthone.

Definingalunarstandard,withwhichallclocksarecompared,willinvolveinstallingatleastthreemaster

clocksthattickattheMoon'snaturalpace,andwhoseoutputiscombinedbyanalgorithm（算法）togenerateamore

accurate'virtuaPtimepiece.

Whathappensthendependsonwhichoptionmetrologistschoose.Theymightdecidetobaselunartimeon

UTC.Thealternativewouldbetousethesynthesized（同步）outputofthelunaratomicclocksastheMoon'sown

independent,continuoustime,andtotrackitsrelationshiptoUTC.Thatway,eveniftheconnectionwithEarthis

lost,clocksontheMoonwillstillagreewitheachother,allowingsafenavigationandcommunications.

Settinglunartimeispartofamuchbiggerpicture.Itwillonedayworkforthemore-distantplanetsthatspace

agenciesareultimatelytargeting,suchasMars.

12.What'sthemainideaofparagraph2?

A.TheworkingprincipleofUTC.

B.Theachievementsofspacemission.

C.Theurgencytodevelopsatellitenavigation.

D.Theproblemofcurrentlunartimingmethod.

13.Whatisthemajorbarriertodefininglunartime?

A.Lackofprofessionalguidance.

B.Thedisagreementamongmetrologists.

C.DifferentgravitationalpullontheMoon.

D.Thecomplexityofinstallingmasterclocks.

14.What'stheadvantageofdefiningtheMoon'sindependenttime?

A.KeepingtheclocksontheMooncorresponding.

B.PreventingspacecraftlosingconnectionwiththeEarth.

C.Helpinghumanslandonthemore-distantplanets.

D.MakingiteasiertosynchronizewithUTCallthetime.

15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.WhatTimeIsItontheMoon?

B.WhenwillManSettleontheMoon?

C.Lunarexploration:ACareerBoundtoRevive

D.GNSS:AMorePreciseLunarTrackingSystem

【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是设定月球时间的必要性和挑战以及设定月球时间的方案。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段中的"TheapproachworkswhentheMoonhostsahandfulofindependentmissions,

butitwillbeaproblemwhentherearemultiplecraftworkingtogether.Spaceagencieswillalsowanttotrackthem

usingsatellitenavigation,whichreliesonprecisetimingsignals.（当月球承载少数独立任务时,这种方法是有效

的，但是当有多个飞船一起工作时，这将是一个问题。航天机构还希望使用卫星导航来跟踪它们，这依赖

于精确的计时信号）”可知，当多个飞船共同工作时，当前的月球计时方法就出现问题，而且航天机构依赖

精确的时间来跟踪飞船，这月球计时会产生很多问题。因此本段介绍当前月球计时方法存在的问题。故选

D项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Defininglunartimeisnotsimple.AccordingtotheSpecialTheoryofRelativity,

clockstickslowerinstrongergravitationalfields.TheMoon'sgravitationalpullisweakerthanEarth's,meaninga

lunarclockwouldrunfasterthananEarthone.（设定月球时间并不简单。根据狭义相对论，时钟在更强的引力

场中走得更慢。月球的引力比地球的弱，这意味着月球时钟会比地球时钟跑得快。）”可知，设定月球时间

的障碍是月球上的引力。故选C项。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"Thealternativewouldbetousethesynthesized（同步）outputofthelunar

atomicclocksastheMoon'sownindependent,continuoustime,andtotrackitsrelationshiptoUTC.Thatway,

eveniftheconnectionwithEarthislost,clocksontheMoonwillstillagreewitheachother,allowingsafenavigation

andcommunications.（另一种方法是使用月球原子钟的同步输出作为月球自己独立的连续时间，并跟踪其与

UTC的关系。这样，即使月球与地球失去了联系，月球上的时钟仍然会彼此一致，从而实现安全的航行和

通信）”可知，设定月球独立的时间后，即使失去与地球联系，月球上的时间始终是保持一致。故选A项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据首段"Withlunarexplorationrocketing,itposesmanychallenges.Amongthemisa

fundamentalquestionmetrologists（计量学家）worldwideareworkingtoanswer:whattimeisitontheMoon?（月

球探测火箭带来了许多挑战。其中有一个基本问题是世界各地的计量学家正在努力回答：月球上现在是几

点？）”以及下文中分析设定月球时间的必要性和挑战以及方案可知，本文主要是围绕着设定独立月球时

间展开，因此A项“月球上几点了”与主题内容吻合。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

STEMvs.STEAM

STEMisshortforScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics.ThetermwascoinedbyJudith

RamaleywhileadirectoratNationalScienceFoundationin2001.Sincethen,STEM-fbcusededucationhasbeen

extendedtomanycountriesbeyondtheUnitedStates.However,educationisaconstantlyevolvinggame.

16OneofthelatestphilosophiesgainingsteamisaddinganartscomponenttotheSTEMeducational

focus,thus,creatingtheSTEMvs.STEAMdebate.

ThebelieversinSTEMeducationwantthefocustoremainonthecoreSTEMprinciples.17Tasks

involvingproductdesignencouragestudentstodrawandcreate.Addingartswilltakeawayfromtheoriginal

intentionoffocusingontheSTEMdisciplines.

18TheyarguethataddingartstoSTEMisawaytodevelopstrongSTEMstudentswhothink

creatively.Severalstudieshaveshownthatengagingstudents'artsstrengthincreasestheirmotivationwhenit

comestoSTEMactivities.19Furthermore,forkidswhomightbeturnedofffromSTEMsubjectsdue

toadislikeofnumbers,highlightingtheartisticcomponentoflessonscanreachoutanddrawthemin.

Whiletheyseemtobeopposed,bothsidesofthisargumentmayhavetherightidea.2（）Consider

thegrowingfieldofcomputeranimation,whereyoumusthavebothartisticabilitiesandstrongtechnologyfields.

Also,themostbasicofallchildren'stoys,woodenblocks,areanincredibleexampleofSTEAMexploration.

Theybringdesign,geometry,andengineeringconceptstoouryoungestlearners,settingthemupfbralifetimeof

creativethinking.

A.TheSTEAMersdisagree.

B.Actually,scienceandartsareinseparable.

C.Itconsistentlyintroducesnewtheoriesandpractices.

D.Theirideaisthattherearealreadyenoughartsintheirapproach.

E.Thus,goodteachersarealwayslearningtokeeppacewithupdatedknowledge.

F.Italsoimprovestheprobabilityofsuccessincomplicatedtasksandchallenges.

G.TheybelieveaddingartmakestheSTEMcoursesaccessibletomorestudents.

【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.F20.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了教育理念STEM与STEAM的不同之处。

【16题详解】

上文"However,educationisaconstantlyevolvinggame.（然而，教育是一个不断发展的活动）”说明教育是

不断发展的，以及下文“OneofthelatestphilosophiesgainingSTEAMisaddinganartscomponenttothe

STEMeducationalfocus,thus,creatingtheSTEMvs.STEAMdebate.（最新的STEAM理念之一是在STEM

教育重点中加入艺术元素，从而引发了STEM与STEAM的争论）”说明教育发展过程中引入一些元素，

形成新的理论，C项“它不断引入新的理论和实践。”承上启下，符合题意。故选C。

【17题详解】

上文"ThebelieversinSTEMeducationwantthefocustoremainonthecoreSTEMprinciples.（STEM教育的

相信者希望将重点放在核心STEM原则上）”以及下文"Addingartswilltakeawayfromtheoriginal

intentionoffocusingontheSTEMdisciplines.（增力口艺术元素将偏离专注于STEM准则的初衷）”说明STEM

教育理念的相信者认为不需要增加艺术元素，D项“他们的想法是，他们的方法中已经有足够的艺

术。”说明他们认为不需要添加艺术元素的原因，符合题意。故选D。

【18题详解】

上文"ThebelieversinSTEMeducationwantthefocustoremainonthecoreSTEMprinciples.（STEM教育的

相信者希望将重点放在核心STEM原则上）"以及下文"TheyarguethataddingartstoSTEMisawayto

developstrongSTEMstudentswhothinkcreatively.（他们认为，在STEM中加入艺术是培养具有创造性思维

的强大STEM学生的一种方式）”说明STEAM理念的相信者认为需要加入艺术元素，与STEM的理念不

同，A项"STEAM公司不同意。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A。

19题详解】

上文<lSeveralstudieshaveshownthatengagingstudents'artsstrengthincreasestheirmotivationwhenitcomes

toSTEMactivities.（几项研究表明，谈及STEM活动时，调动学生的艺术力量可以提高他们的动机）”说明

调动学生艺术力量的益处，F项中It指代上文中的engagingstudentsJartsstrength,F项"它还能提高在复

杂任务和挑战中成功的概率。”进一步说明调动学生艺术力量的益处，符合题意。故选F。

【20题详解】

下文uConsiderthegrowingfieldofcomputeranimation,whereyoumusthavebothartisticabilitiesandstrong

technologyfields.（考虑到电脑动画这个不断发展的领域，你必须同时具备艺术能力和强大的技术领域）”说

明技术和艺术不可分割，B项“事实上，科学和艺术是不可分割的。”引出下文，符合题意。故选B。

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Onesnowynight,apairofbeagles（比格犬）wasstrugglingonaruralhighway.Thefather-to-belooked

aroundanxiously,tryingtoseek21forhisdearcompanion.Frequentlyhewouldlookather

22.feelingguiltyshelaboredalong,herwaymadeheavierbythenewlifegrowinginsideher.They

23forawarm,dryplace.Whenher24came,itmustnotbeoutherealongtheroadway.

As25wouldhaveit,GusKiebel,acountywildlifeofficer,whowasdrivinghomefromwork,

spottedthepair.He26totheshoulderoftheroadimmediately.

Thebeaglesmadenoeffortto27whenGusbentdownandstretchedouthishandstothem.Gus

28theirtags（狗牌）byhistruck'sheadlightsandtriedtoring,butthefallingsnow29the

screen.Heplacedthedogsinhistruck,30hisphoneandcalledagain.Amanansweredandinstantly

grew3JwhenGustoldhimwhyhewascalling.

“Ialreadygavethemaway,“themanrespondedcoldly.

Obviously,thesebeagleswere32.Meetingtheirlargebeggingeyes,Gusfelthisheart

33."Puttingthembackinthesnowisoutofthe34Gusthoughttohimself,i6lmust

bringthemhome.^^

Ifsasimplestory,butitspeakstothebestofournature:Kindnessandlovecankeepcrueltyandcoldat

35.

21.A.shelterB.shadeC.instructionsD.routes

22.A.patientlyB.helplesslyC.fondlyD.proudly

23.A.waitedB.preparedC.cheeredD.longed

24.A.troubleB.opportunityC.timeD.turn

25.A.lifeB.luckC.historyD.news

26.A.pulledoverB.turnedupC.headedoffD.spedup

27.A.submitB.barkC.struggleD.escape

28.A.toreB.adjustedC.untiedD.read

29.A.coloredB.mistedC.dustedD.damaged

30.A.driedB.chargedC.examinedD.grabbed

31.A.persuasiveB.defensiveC.curiousD.grateful

32.A.discoveredB.licensedC.identifiedD.abandoned

33.A.racingB.sinkingC.achingD.beating

34.A.blueB.questionC.wayD.world

35.A.bayB.handC.easeD.peace

【答案】21A22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.D29.B30.A

31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是两只被遗弃的小