3结缔组织课件

Secretoryportionacinus:

serousmucousseromucous(mixed)

demiluneGlandularcellMyoepithelialcell腺细胞分泌方式模式图secretoryways:merocrineapocrineholocrineChapter3

connectivetissue刘凯Introduction

1.Concept:

actasconnection，supporting，nutrition，protection

2.Characteristics:

1.afewcellsandalotofextracellularmatrixwhichconsistsoffibersandgroundsubstance2.

nopolarity:internalenvironmenttissue3.morevarietiesanddistributingwidely4.originatefrommesenchyme:Mesenchyme

mesenchymalcell

+matrixstarshapedcell(withprocesses)，ovoidnucleuswithprominentnucleolusmultipotentialcellsDifferentiate:endothelialcells,smoothmusclecells,fibroblastandfatcell.3.ClassificationofCT:accordingtothegroundsubstance:

looseCT1.gelatinousmatrix:denseCTconnectivetissueproperadiposeTreticularT2.solidgelmatrix:cartilageandbone3.fluidmatrix:blood

1.Looseconnectivetissue

：moregroundsubstancewithlooselyarrangedcells

andfibers,areolartissue(蜂窝组织)

Distributewidely,7typesofcells3typesoffibers(1)Cells:

1.fibroblast

flattenedcellwithprocesses,flattenednucleus,palestaining,basophiliccytoplasm,EM:RER,freepolyribosomes,GolgicomplexFunction:synthesizecollagen,elastintoformfiberssynthesizeglycoproteinandproteoglycantoformgroundsubstancefibrocyte:restingfibroblast,smaller,acidophiliccytoplasm成纤维细胞和纤维细胞HE染色高倍

成纤维细胞（下）和纤维细胞（上）成纤维细胞超微结构线粒体粗面内质网

2.plasmacell

structure:ovoidcell,roundandeccentricallyplacednucleus,

coarsehetero-chromatin(clock-faceappearance)prominentnucleolus,basophiliccytoplasmRER,freepolyribosomeGolgicomplex,Function:secreteantibody—immunoglobulinIg

浆细胞电镜图×102503.Macrophage(histocyte)structure:

differentshape,processes,smallnucleus–round/kidney,darkstaining,acidophiliccytoplasm,phagocytoticgranule(trypanblue)EM:microvillus

primary

lysosomes

phagosome

phagocyticvacuolessecondarylysosomesresidualbodymicrofilamentmicrotubule

巨噬细胞超微结构空泡溶酶体残余体

functions:phagocytosis：chemotaxis,ameboidmovementchemotacticfactor(Specificandnonspicific)(2)presentantigenjoiningandregulatingimmunoresponse(3)secretion(lysozyme,interferon,interleukin,complement)巨噬细胞吞噬细菌4.mastcell

structure:

largecell,smallnucleus,metachromaticbasophilicgranules，

●

eosinophilchemotaxticfactor●

heparin

preventbloodcoagulation

●

histamine,leukotriene

stainedbytoluidineblue肥大细胞超微结构anaphylaxis(过敏):Firsttime:plasmacell→IgE+receptor(mastcell)→activatedconditionSecondtime:antigen-antibodycomplex–jointogether--releasing

histamineandleukotriene

→asthma(哮喘)orhives(荨麻疹)antigencontact............................第一次抗原进入抗体二次抗原进入.........................................................................................................................anaphylaxis(过敏):ReceptorofIgE5.fatcell

structure:

round(polyhedral),largelipiddropletvesicle，flattennucleus

function:

synthesizeandstorefat

7.whitebloodcell:acidophil,neutrophilandlymphocyte6.undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell

structure:resemblefibroblast

function:differentiateintofibroblast,fatcell,smoothm.f.andendothelialcell

(2).FiberS

1.collagenousf

(whitef):

structure:

1~20μm

acidophilic,network

collagen---collagenousfibril(20--200nm),64nm→crossstriationfunction:flexibleandstronglyresistapullingforce

胶原纤维电镜图×150000

elasticfiber(yellowf):structure

：meshworkHE---lightpink，0.2~1.0μmcomposition:

homogeneouselastincoveredbymicrofibril

function:

elasticity3.reticularfiber:

structure:0.2~1.0μm,branchalot,meshwork，silverstain---argyrophilicfiber嗜银纤维

composition:

collagenfibrilscoveredbyglycoprotein,PASpositive

（moreinlaminareticularishematopoieticorgans）

(3).groundsubstance

composition:proteoglycanandglycoprotein1.proteoglycan:

glycosaminoglycan:hyaluronicacid,chondroitinsulfateAandC,keratinsulfate,heparinsulfateanddermatinsulfateProtein:linkprotein,coreprotein2.glycoprotein:fibronectin,FN;laminin,LNchondronectin,ChN

(3).groundsubstance

hyaluronicacidlinkproteincoreproteinglycosaminoglycan

proteoglycansubunit

molecularsieve(分子筛)

Functionofgroundsubstance:supplyaplaceformaterialsexchangeactasbarriertopreventthebacteria,largemoleculesfromenteringcancercell

streptococcus

hyaluronidase

destroythe

barrier

动脉端静脉端

tissuefluid毛细淋巴管

capillarytissuefluid:

suitableformaterialsexchangeedema,dehydration图3-20组织液形成示意图A.动脉V.静脉Cap.毛细血管Lym.毛细淋巴管2.Denseconnectivetissue

structure:

bundlesofcollagenfibersarrangeddensely,smallamountofgroundsubstanceandcells.ClassificationofdenseC.T

1.regulardenseCT:tendon,ligamentfibroblast→tendoncell2.irregulardenseCT:dermisofskin,capsuleoforgan,scleraofeye,duramater3.elastictissue:ligamentnuchea项韧带，ligament