2023-2024学年译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance　Welcome to the unit Reading课件

Period2Welcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagepointsUnit1Natureinthebalance基础知识巩固核心考点突破高考热点微练知识巩固基础Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Mybedroomis4metersin

and3metersinwidth.2.Weallknowthatthesunhasanimpactonall

things.3.Withoutaproperwarm-up，exercisemaydomore

thangoodinstead.4.Thesetreeshavesurvivedfor

(百万)ofyears.5.Agoodwaytoprotect

(物种)underthreatofextinctionistoletthemgobacktozoosandbreedthemthere.lengthlivingharmmillionsspecies6.Somehow，therewasa

(大量，一大群)ofpeoplearoundthesupermarketentrance.7.Thestormcausedsome

(损坏)tosomehouses，buttheywerenotdestroyed.8.Welikegoingfishingatthislakeonweekends，wheretherearemorethan20

(种类)offish.9.Maryenjoyedfeelingthewarmsand

(在……下面)herfeet.10.Hewassurprisedthatmanyspeciesofwildlifehad

fromourplanetforever.massdamagevarietiesbeneathdisappearedⅡ.词形变化填空1.Todescribeitat

，you’dbetter

yourreportsothattheworkshop(研讨会)willbealittle

.(length)2.His

seemedveryparticularandhis

fromtheparty

verystrange.(disappear)3.Stayingupconstantlycanbe

toyourhealth.Infactitdoesmore

thangood.(harm)4.Theoldmanwastheonly

who

thatterriblebattle.Hetoldareporterthathehadto

onlittlefoodleftduringthosedays.His

wasarealwonder.(survive)lengthlengthenlongerappearancedisappearanceappearedharmfulharmsurvivorsurvivedsurvivesurvival5.Franceistheworld’ssecondbiggestexporterof___________(agriculture)

products.6.Thereare

kindsofstorybooksinthestore，

fromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.(variety)7.Shortlyaftersufferingfroma

(mass)earthquake，thecitytookonanewlook.8.Youaresupposedtotakesome

foodtoensureyouobtainenough

.(nutrient)agriculturalvariousvaryingmassivenutritiousnutrientsⅢ.完成句子1.

，thelittleboyhadtostayathomeallday.(独立主格结构)由于有很多家庭作业要做，小男孩只好一整天待在家里。2.

woundedpeasantboy.(全部倒装)躺在地板上的是一个受伤的农家男孩。LotsofhomeworktodoLyingonthefloorwasa3.Themuseumhousesawiderangeofantiques，__________________

datingbacktotheMingDynastyattractsmemost.(介词＋which引导定语从句)这个博物馆收藏了各种各样的古董，其中一个明代的花瓶最吸引我。4.

，Icanseehisshortcomings.(while引导让步状语从句)尽管我承认他的优点，但我也发现了他的不足。amongwhichavaseWhileIadmithisgoodpoints返回考点突破核心n.&vt.伤害，损害(harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的；无恶意的)harm•

do/causeharmtosb/sth＝do/causesb/sthharm对……有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事并无害处。do(sb)moreharmthangood(对某人)弊大于利•

beharmfulto...对……有害1(1)Itisknowntousthatmanypoisonouschemicalsarereleasedintotheair，

(harm)ourlivingenvironment.(2)Thereisnoharm

givinggiftstochildren，buttheyshouldnotberewards.(3)Thedoctorsaysthatthismaterialis

(harm)tohumanbeingsandhasnoimpactonourhealth.(4)(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ)ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremove________(harm)substancesfromsomesludge(污泥).harminginharmlessharmful(5)(应用文写作之建议信)不可否认，过度使用互联网在一定程度上损害了我们的身心健康。①ThereisnodenyingthatoverusingtheInternettosomeextent__________________________________.(harmvt.)②ThereisnodenyingthatoverusingtheInternettosomeextent_______________________________________________.(harmn.)③ThereisnodenyingthatoverusingtheInternettosomeextent___________________________________________.(harmful)harmsourphysicalandmentalhealthcausesharmtoourphysicalandmentalhealthdoes/isharmfultoourphysicalandmentalhealthn.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体(variousadj.各种各样的，各种不同的

varyv.改变；不同)variety2•

avarietyofvarietiesof种类繁多的；各种各样的•

varyfrom...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动varywith...随着……而变化varyin...在……方面变化/有差异(1)(2022·全国甲)Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange，buttheyareimportantin

(vary)countries.(2)(2021·新课标全国Ⅰ)Whentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinent

ofNorthAmerica，theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishing_________(vary)ofwildlife.(3)Theresearchteamismadeupofpupilswhoseagesvary

10

15.(4)ThesceneryoftheThreeGorgesvaries

theseasons，andyoucanenjoydifferentpleasures.variousvarietyfromtowith(5)Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium.Ithasallkindsofwell-equippedfacilities.→Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium，___________________________________________________________.(定语从句；词汇升级)whichhasvarious/varietiesof/avarietyofwell-equippedfacilitiessurvivesth幸免于……；从……活过来surviveon依靠……生活survivesbby...比某人多活……survivefrom...从……时留存/流传下来vi.生存，存活

vt.幸存，幸免于难(survivaln.生存；幸存

survivorn.生还者，幸存者)3survive(1)Ifhecouldn’tfindhiswayoutoftheforest，therewouldbelittlechanceof

(survive).(2)MrWangwastheonly

inhisfamily，who

theearthquakein1976.(survive)survivalsurvivorsurvived(3)BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope，surviving

entirelydiscarded(丢弃的)food.(4)Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusband

5years.(5)Accordingtotheexpert，somestrangecustomshave___________________________.据专家说，有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。onbysurvivedfromearliertimes4•

do/causedamageto...对……造成损害•

damageone’shealth损害某人的健康vt.&n.损害，伤害；损坏，破坏damage(1)Ihaveaverystrongfearthattheliewe’retellingisdoingspiritualdamage

ourchildren.(2)(应用文写作之倡议书)We’dbettergetridofthebadhabitofsmoking，forsmokingcan

.我们最好改掉吸烟的坏习惯，因为吸烟会对我们的健康造成损害。todo/causedamagetoourhealth[辨析]

damage，destroy与ruindamage程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，一般可修复destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等ruin表示“毁坏，毁灭”，指彻底的毁坏，原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，多用于比喻。ruin还可用于美好经历或有用东西的损坏•

Theillnesshasruinedmylife.这个病毁掉了我的生活。•

Thebombcompletelydestroyedthatbuilding.炸弹彻底炸毁了那栋建筑。•

Youhavedamagedmybike;you’dbettergetitrepaired.你弄坏了我的

自行车，你最好找人修修。5byturns轮流地，交替地taketurnstodosth轮流做某事it’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事itturns/turnedoutthat...结果是……相应地，转而；轮流，依次inturn(1)用turn的相关短语填空(2020·天津)一些学生代表轮流在成人礼上发言。最后轮到我发言了。就我个人而言，过去是我们的父母和老师在很多方面帮助了我们，相应地，从现在起我们应该帮助他们。Somestudentrepresentatives

todeliverspeechesatthecoming-of-ageceremony.Finally，it

.Personally，inthepastitwasourparentsandteachersthathelpedusinmanyaspectsand

，weshouldgiveahelpinghandtothemfromnowon.tookturnswasmyturninturn(2)(2023·全国乙)Asit

，DouglasdidexactlywhatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshedefeatedtwoRussians.结果，道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运会冠军所需要做的。turnedout6beduetodosth预期做某事beduetosb应支付/归于某人bedueforsth预定做某事；应得到某物由于，因为(dueadj.由于，因为；预定的；到期的；适当的；应支付

n.应有的权利)dueto(1)(2021·全国乙)Due

thegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel，varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.(2)Theoldmansaidtheaccidentwasdue

carelessdriving，soalotofmoneywasdue

(pay)bythedriver.写出下列句子中加颜色词的词性及汉语意思(3)Thebooksmustbereturnedbeforetheduedateorthekidcannotborrowotherbooks.

__________(4)Afterdueconsiderationitwasdecidedtosendhimawaytolivewithhisfosterparents.

_________tototobepaidadj.到期的adj.适当的7倍数表达法【教材原句】

Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometres，theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。(P2)morethanhalfthesizeofChina是“倍数表达法”的一种表达形式。英语中常见的倍数表达方式有：•

A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of＋B•

A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词(比较级)＋than＋B•

A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词(原级)＋as＋B•

A＋be＋倍数＋what从句注意：表达“两倍”时，用twice或double，三倍或以上时则用“基数词＋times”来表达。表示倍数也可用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语。(1)Myschoolhasexpandedintoabigone，whichistwiceasbig

theformerone.(2)Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes

(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.(3)Thenumberofstudentsnowinthisregionisfourtimes

itwastenyearsago.asfasterwhat(4)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们的学校是十年前的三倍大。①Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowourschool

whatitwastenyearsago.(size)②Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowourschool

whatitwastenyearsago.(as)③Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowourschool

whatitwastenyearsago.(than)isthreetimesthesizeofisthreetimesaslargeasisthreetimeslargerthan8“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句【教材原句】

TheAmazonRiver，fromwhichtherainforestgetsitsname，iscloseto6,400kilometresinlength—roughly100kilometreslongerthantheYangtzeRiver.亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。(P2)fromwhichtherainforestgetsitsname是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰TheAmazonRiver。•

“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制

性定语从句，关系代词只能用which或whom。修饰物时用which，修

饰人时用whom。•

介词的确定根据以下方面来选择：

①句意；

②定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配；

③表示所属关系或者表示“整体中的一部分”都用of。(1)Iboughtagreatmanybooksaboutclimate，

whichIspentallmymoneythatIhadsaved.(2)Manyyoungpeople，mostof

arewell-educated，realizetheimportanceofthebiodiversityontheEarth.(3)(应用文写作之校园生活)IhaveactivelyattendedEnglishlectures，

BritishandAmericancultures.我积极参加了英语讲座，从中我充分了解了英美文化。onwhomfromwhichIhaveagoodknowledgeof(4)(应用文写作之环保活动)Theactivity，theaim______________________________

ofenvironmentalprotection，appealstoamassofvolunteers.这个旨在提高我们的环境保护意识的活动吸引了很多志愿者。ofwhichistoraiseourawareness9完全倒装结构【教材原句】

Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。(P3)Abovethatisthemassofleaflitter...是完全倒装结构。正常语序为Themassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloorisabovethat.有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可用全部倒装结构。构成全部倒装结构的条件：•

表示地点或方位的副词here，there，up，down，out，in，away；表

示时间的副词now，then;表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首。•

谓语动词通常是表示姿势的不及物动词(如crouch，hang，lie，sit，stand

等)和表示行动的不及物动词(如come，die，go，run，live，rise等)。注意：句子的主语是名词时主谓需要倒装，如果句子的主语是代词，则主谓不倒装。(1)Assoonasthebellrang，out

(rush)thechildren.(2)(应用文写作之景点介绍)Tothewestofthecity

(stand)anoldlibraryinwhichmanyancientbooksarewellpreserved.(3)(应用文写作之建议信)

onhowtokeepabalancebetweenapart-timejobandstudy.以下是如何平衡兼职工作和学习的一些建议。(4)(应用文写作之校