高考英语词汇 总结

本文由suigenlia贡献doc文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。高考重难点短语复习（一）一.教学内容：中学阶段重难点短语复习（一）二.具体过程重难点短语与例句：1.beabsentfrom…缺席，不在Isanybodyabsentfromclass?2.absenceofmind(=beingabsent-minded)心不在焉Don’tbeabsent-mindedatthisverymoment.3.absorb(=takeuptheattentionof)吸引……的注意力(被动语态):beabsorbedin全神贯注于……近:beengrossedin;belostin;beraptin;beconcentratedon;befocusedon;becenteredonThechildrenweresoabsorbedintheirgamethattheydidnotfeelhungry.4.(be)abundantin(berichin;bewellsuppliedwith)富于,富有Asweknow,Chinaisabundantinnaturalresources.5.access(to)(不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解Citizensmayhavefreeaccesstothelibrary.6.byaccident(=bychance,accidentally)偶然地,意外.withoutaccident(=safely)安全地,Hediditwhetherbyaccidentordesign.7.ofone’sownaccord(=withoutbeingasked;willingly;freely)自愿地,主动地Hejoinedthearmyofhisownaccord.8.inaccordwith与……一致.outofone’saccordwith同……不一致Hiswordsareinaccordwithhisideas.9.inaccordancewith(=inagreementwith)依照,根据Iaminaccordancewithhiminthismatter.在这件事情上我同他是一致的。Heactedinaccordancewithhisbeliefs.他按照自己的信念行事。10.onaccountof因为Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofthebadweather.由于天气不好,我们将启程的时间推迟了.11.take…intoaccount(=consider)把……考虑进去Hewilltakeintoaccountmyrequest.他会考虑我的要求。12.accountfor(=giveanexplanationorreasonfor)解释,说明。Hehasbeenaskedtoaccountforhisconduct.他被要求解释他的行为。13.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blamesb.forsth.;blamesth.onsb.;complainabout)指控,控告Hewasaccusedofmurderer.他被指控谋杀。14.beacquaintedwith(=tohaveknowledgeof)了解;(=tohavemetsocially)熟悉Nowadays,everyonehastobeacquaintedwithhigh-techknowledge.当今，每个人都必须对高科技有所了解。BeingacquaintedwithEnglishissuretohelpyoualot.学会英语一定会对你大有帮助。15.acton奉行,按照……行动;actas扮演;Myideaisthatweshallactonhissuggestion.我的意见是我们应当按照他的建议去办。Theforestwillactasadefenseagainstdesertdust.16.adaptoneselfto(=adjustoneselfto)使自己适应于Oneshouldadaptoneselftothechangedconditions.我们应当使自己适应变化了的情况。17.adapt…(for)(=makesth.suitableforanewneed)改编,改写(以适应新的需要)ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。18.inaddition(=besides)此外,又,加之Inadditiontoadiet,shepursuesvariousexercisesonTV.节食以外她还随电视做体操。19.adjust…(to)(=changeslightly)调节;适应;Headjustedhimselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry.他很快使自己适应了这个国家炎热的天气。20.inadvance(beforeintime)预告,事先.Beforevisitinghim,Icalledhimupinadvance.在拜访他之前，我先打电话给他。21.haveanadvantageover胜过.havetheadvantageof由于……处于有利条件havetheadvantageofsb.知道某人所不知道的事Thismethodhastheadvantageofsavingalotoffuel.这个方法有可以节省很多燃料的优点。Herteachingexperiencegaveherabigadvantageovertheotherapplicantsforthejob.她的教学经验使她比起其他求职者具有很大的有利条件。22.takeadvantageof(=makethebestof,utilize,makeuseof,profitfrom,harness)利用.Shetookadvantageofhisgoodnature.她利用了他脾气好这个特点。23.agreewith赞同(某人意见)agreeto同意Ientirelyagreewithyou.我完全同意你的看法。Wecouldn’tagreeonadate/whentomeet.关於日期[什么时候见面],我们未能取得一致意见.24.inagreement(with)同意,一致Weareinagreementwiththeirdecision.我们同意他们的决定。25.aheadof在……之前,超过……;aheadoftime提前.HewillbeaheadofothersinEnglish.他在英语方面将超过别人。26.intheair1)不肯定,不具体.2)在谣传中.on/offtheair正在广播；停止广播WemaybegoingskiingatChristmas,butit’sstillallupintheair.我们圣诞节可能去滑雪，但还没有定下来。Weshallbeontheairinfiveminutes.我们五分钟后开始广播。27.aboveall(=especially,mostimportantofall)尤其是,最重要的.Whatachildshoulddo,aboveall,istodowellinhisstudies.小孩子该做的最重要的事是学好功课。28.inall(=countingeveryoneoreverything,altogether)总共,总计That’s￡5.40inall.总共5.40英镑。29.afterall毕竟,到底;(not)atall一点也不;allatonce(=suddenly)突然;aboveall最重要的;firstofall首先;allinall大体上说Allinall,he’smorelearnedthanhewastenyearsago.总的说来，他比10年前更有学问了。Allatonceshelosthertemper.她突然发起脾气来。Youshouldforgivehimforhisforgetfulness;afterall,heisoverseventy.你应该原谅他的健忘症，毕竟他已经七十多岁了。Firstofall,letmetellyouthenews.首先，让我告诉你这个消息。30.allowfor(=takeintoconsideration,takeintoaccount)考虑到,估计到.Wemustallowforthetrainbeinglate.我们必须想到火车会晚点的。31.amountto(=tobeequalto)总计,等于.Hisdebtsamounttoover$1,000.他负债总共超过1000美元。32.answerfor(undertakeresponsibilityfor,beliablefor,takechargefor)对……负责.Iwillanswerforitthathewillaccomplishthetask.我愿意担保他能完成这个任务。33.beanxiousabout为……焦急不安;或anxiousforIdon’twonderyouwereanxiousabouttheirsafety.你为他们的安全着急，我不感到奇怪。34.apologizetosb.forsth.为……向……道歉HeinsistedthatI(should)apologizetoher.Youmustapologizetoyoursisterforbeingsorude.35.appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁.appealtosb.对某人有吸引力Dothesepaintingsappealtoyou?你对这些画感兴趣吗?Icannotsaysmokingappealtomeverymuch.我不能说吸烟对我有多大吸引力。36.applytosb.forsth.为……向……申请:applyfor申请;applyto适用.Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone.安全驾驶之规则适用于每个人。Ifyouapplytothisuniversity,you’havetopayaregistrationfeeofatleast$20.如果你申请这ll所学校你就得交至少20美元的注册费。37.approveof(=consentto,beinfavorof,favor,agreeto,considergood,right)赞成,approvevt.批准Hedonotapproveofourplan.他不赞成我们的计划。Herfatherwillneverapproveofhermarriagetoyou.她父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。38.arisefrom(=becausedby)由……引起。Accidentsarisefromcarelessness.意外事故起因于粗心大意。39.arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排……做……Ifyoucanarrangeforme,Iwillbeverygrateful.如果你能为我安排一下，我将不胜感激。40.arriveon到达;arriveat到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrivein到达某地(大地方);Youmustarriveattheairporttwohoursearly.你必须提前两小时到达机场。FlightnumberBA4793willarriveinLondonat16:50.英国航空公司4793号班机于16时50分抵达伦敦.41.beashamedof(=feelshame,guiltorsorrowbecauseofsth.done)以……为羞耻Youshouldbeashamedofwhatyouhavedone.你应为自己所做的事感到羞愧。42.assuresb.ofsth.(=trytocausetobelieveortrustinsth.)向……保证,使……确信.Webookearlytoassureourselvesofseats.我们及早订票以确保有座。43.makeanattemptatdoingsth.(todosth.)试图做……Beforetheyfledthecountry,theenemyvainlymadeatattemptedatdestroyingallthefactories.敌人在逃往国外前，妄图把所有工厂都毁掉。44.attribute…to…(=tobelievesth.tobetheresultof…)把……归因于……,认为……是……的结果Theyattributetheirsuccesstotheirteacher’sencouragement.他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。45.ontheaverage(=onaverage,onanaverage)平均Ontheaverage,thereare300touristsaweek.每星期平均有300游客。46.(be)awareof(=beconsciousof,havingknowledgeorconsciousness)意识到,知道.Heisnotawareofhisdanger.他没有意识到自己有危险。47.bebasedon/upon基于Judgmentshouldbebasedonfacts,notonhearsay.判断应该以事实为依据，而不应该依靠道听途说。48.beginwith以……开始.tobeginwith(=firstofall)首先,第一(经常用于开始语)Ihavetobeginwithanapology.我得首先表示歉意。Tobeginwith,sheistooyoungforthatkindofjob.首先，她做这种工作年纪还太轻。49.onbehalfof(=astherepresentativeof)以……名义OnbehalfofmycolleaguesandmyselfIthankyou.我代表我的同事和我本人向你表示感谢。50.believein(=havefaithortrustin;considersth./sb.tobetrue)相信,依赖,信仰.Webelieveinhisability.我们相信他的才干。Ibelieveinyou.【模拟试题】1.—It’sagoodidea.Butwho’sgoingtotheplan?—IthinkTomandGregwill.A.setasideB.carryoutC.takeinD.getthrough2.HappilyforJohn’smother,heisworkinghardertohislosttime.A.makeupforB.keepupwithC.catchupwithD.makeuseof3.Ifyouhadyourtestpapercarefullybeforehandingitin,youwouldhavemadefewermistakes.A.lookedupB.thoughtaboutC.goneoverD.goneround4.Wouldyouslowdownabit,please?Ican’tyou.A.keepupwithB.putupwithC.makeuptoD.holdonto5.You’dbettersomemoneyforspecialuse.A.pickupB.giveawayC.putoffD.setaside6.Inordertowiththeadvancedcountries,wemustkeeplearning.A.getalongB.putupC.catchupD.goon7.Wedidn’tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutitverywell.A.workedoutB.triedoutC.wentonD.carriedon8.I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseittheweather.A.linkswithB.dependsonC.connectstoD.decideson9.—Smokingisbadforyourhealth.—Yes,Iknow.ButIsimplycan’t.A.giveitupB.giveitinC.giveitoutD.giveitaway10.Ifyouanyproblemswhenyouarriveattheairport,givemearing．A.comeupwithB.setaboutC.runintoD.putaside11.Wethoughtofsellingthisoldfurniture,butwe’vedecidedtoit.itmightbevaluable.A.holdontoB.keepupwithC.turntoD.lookafter12.Hismotherhadthoughtitwouldbegoodforhischaractertofromhomeandearnsomemoneyonhisown.A.runawayB.takeawayC.keepawayD.getaway13.Canyoumakeasentencetothemeaningofthephrase?A.showoffB.turnoutC.bringoutD.takein14.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieswithnoagreementreached.A.havebrokendownB.havebrokenoutC.havebrokeninD.havebrokenup15.Don’tmentionthatatthebeginningofthestory,oritmaytheshockingending.A.giveawayB.giveoutC.giveupD.giveoff16.TheideapuzzledmesomuchthatIstoppedforafewsecondstotryto.A.makeitoutB.makeitoffC.makeitupD.makeitover17.HesomeFrenchwhilehewasawayonabusinesstripinParis.A.madeoutB.pickedupC.gaveupD.tookin18.Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatherthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.A.addedtoB.resultedfromC.turnedoutD.madeup19.We’regoingtowithsomefriendsforapicnic.wouldyouliketojoinus?A.getinB.getoverC.getalongD.gettogether20.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.hefeltasifhewasfromtheoutsideworld.A.cutoutB.cutupC.cutoffD.cutthrough【试题答案】1~5BACAD16~20ABADC6~10CABAC11~15ADCAA高考重难点短语复习（二）一.教学内容：中学阶段重难点短语复习（二）二.重难点短语与例句：1.benefit（from）受益，得到好处。Ihavebenefitedalotfromextensivereading.广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。Thisprojectisofgreatbenefittoeveryone.这项工程对每个人都大有好处。2.bybirth在出生上，论出身，按血统atbirth在出生时；givebirthto出生IamFrenchbybirthandaBritishsubjectbymarriage.我按出生是法国人，因结婚而成为英国公民。Thebabyweighedsevenpoundsatbirth.那婴儿出生时重七磅。OnOctober17,at9:25A.M.Igavebirthtoabeautifulbabygirl.10月17日上午9时25分，我生下一个漂亮的小女孩。3.blamesb.forsth.因……责备某人blamesth.onsb.把……推在某人身上Thedriverwasnottoblamefortheaccident.这次事故怪不着司机。=Theycouldn’tblametheaccidentonthedriver.4.onboard到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机WewentonboardAthensyesterdaymorning.我们昨天早晨登上雅典号。5.inbrief（=inasfewwordsaspossible）简言之Inbrief,Tomisalazyboy.简而言之，汤姆是个懒孩子。6.onbusiness出差办事。IhavetogotoLondononbusinesstomorrow.明天我要到伦敦去办事。7.bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事Heisbusywithsomeimportantwork.他正忙于处理一些重要的事情。=Heisbusydoingsomeimportantwork.8.butfor（=without）要不是。表示假设Butforyouradvice,Ishouldhavefailed.要不是你的忠告，我会失败的。Butformusic（=Wereitnotformusic）,lifewouldbedull.要不是音乐，人生会很无聊。9.becapableof能够，有能力becapableofbeing+过去分词：是能够被……的Salamandersoncewerethoughttobecapableoflivinginfire.火蜥蜴曾被认为能生活于火中。10.inanycase（=forloveormoney,atanyrate,atanyprice,atanycost,whateverhappens;anyhow）无论如何Inanycasehecannotgiveupit.他无论如何也不会放弃它。11.incase（=forfearthat）万一；incaseof（=intheeventof）如果发生……万一inthecaseof至于……，就……而言innocase在任何情况下都不（倒装句放句首）Incaseyouneedsomething,pleasedon’thesitatetoletmeknow.如果你需要什么东西，请别客气，尽管跟我说。Incaseofemergency,breaktheglassandpressthebutton.遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃罩并摁下按钮。Iwillrevealyoursecretinnocase.我决不会泄漏你的秘密。12.becautiousof谨防Sheiscautiousoftellingsecrets.她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。13.centerone’sattentionon（=focusone’sattentionon）把某人的注意力集中在……上Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.你应该把注意力放到工作上。14.inchargeof（=responsiblefor）负责（某事）inthechargeof…由……管takechargeof（=tobeorbecomeresponsiblefor）负责管理（照顾）Mr.Zhangwasinchargeoftheshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.经理不在时，张先生负责这个商店.=TheshopwasinthechargeofMr.Zhangwhilethemanagerwasaway.15.charge…for因……索取（费用），chargesb.withsth.控告某人犯有……Aslongasyou’vepaidinadvancewewon’tchargeyoufordelivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。Billwaschargedwithmurderer.比尔被指控谋杀。16.roundtheclock（=alldayandallnight,usuallywithoutstopping）昼夜不停地Surgeonsareworkingroundtheclocktosavehislife.外科医生们正在日夜工作以抢救他的生命。17.commenton评论DowningStreethassofarrefusedtocommentonthesereports.英国政府对这些报道迄今不予置评。18.commitoneselfto使自己承担……commitsb.toprison把某人送进监狱；commitone’sideatowriting把某人的想法写下来；commitamattertoacommittee把某事交给委员会讨论Shecommittedherselftoscience.她专心从事科学事业。19.incommon（和……）有共同之处，共用。becommontosb.是与某人所共有的Thetwosistershavenothingincommon.两姐妹没有什么共同之处。Inthissituationitiscommontosaythatnothingcanbedoneuntillawandorderisrestored.一般来说在这种形势下，不恢复法律和秩序是什么也干不了的。20.keepcompanywith（=befriendlyandgoouttogether）和……要好。Hewhokeepscompanywithawolfwilllearntohowl.[谚]跟狼在一起，就会学狼叫；近墨者黑。21.compare…with…把……与……比较compare…to…把……比作……Icomparedthecopywiththeoriginal,buttherewasnotmuchdifference.我比较了复印件和原件，但是差别不是很大。Lifeispoeticallycomparedtothemorningdew.在诗歌中，人生被比喻为朝露。22.bycomparison比较起来incomparisonwith（=incontrastto）和……比起来Wecanonlytellgoodfrombadbycomparison.我们可以通过比较来分辨好坏。23.complainof（orabout）抱怨；诉苦；控告；complainabout抱怨某人或事情；complaintosb.aboutsth.（orsb.）向某人抱怨……Ihavenothingtocomplainof.我没有任何不满。You’vegotnothingtocomplainabout.你没什么可抱怨的。24.concentrateon（orupon）集中，专心Ican’tconcentrateonmyworkwhenI’mtired.我累了就无法集中精力工作。25.inconclusion（=asthelastthing）最后一点；attheconclusionof当……结束时；Inconclusion,I’dliketosayhowmuchI’veenjoyedstayinghere.最后我想要说我在这里过得有多愉快。26.condemnsb.to判决Thecriminalwascondemnedtodeath.这个罪犯被判死刑。27.onconditionthat（=if）以……为条件，假如I’llcomeonconditionthatJohnisinvitedtoo.如果约翰也受到邀请，我就来。28.inthat=because因为；nowthat=since既然Hedidn’tattendthenegotiationinthathewasill.他因为有病，没有参加谈判。Nowthatyouareacollegestudent,youshouldlearntobeindependentofyourparents’help.既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。29.in/outofcondition（=thoroughlyhealthyorfit/notfit）健康状况好/不好。ingood（bad）condition处于良好（坏）状态Domoreexercisesoryouwillbeoutofcondition.多锻炼否则你会身体不好的。Idon’tcareabouttheprice,solongasthecarisingoodcondition.我不计较价钱，只要车很好用就行了。30.inconfidence推心置腹地；withconfidence满怀信心地；haveconfidencein对……有信心toldyouthatinconfidencesowhydidyoutellJeanaboutit?我是私下告诉你的，你怎么又告诉了简呢？Heansweredthequestionswithconfidence.他很有把握地回答了那个问题。Youshouldhaveconfidenceinyourself.=Youshouldbelieveinyourself.31.confine…to…把……限制在某范围内Iamsick,Ihavetoconfinetobed.我病了，我得卧床休息。32.conformto（=beinagreementwith,complywith）符合，遵照，遵守；（1）obey服从；（2）observe；（3）complywith照……办；（4）keepto遵循；（5）abideby服从；（6）stickto按……做Acitizenisexpectedtoconformtothelawofhiscountry.一个好公民应当遵守他国家的法律。TheykeeptothecustomofhavingtheirmarriagesonlyinMay.他们固守传统，只在五月举行婚礼。33.beconfrontedwith（=bebroughtfacetofacewith）面对，面临Thenewsystemwillbeconfrontedwithgreatdifficultiesatthestart.这种新的制度一开始将会面临很大困难。34.congratulatesb.on祝贺Wecongratulatedhimonhisbirthday.我们向他庆祝生日。35.inconsequence（=asaresult）结果36.inconsequenceof（=asaconsequenceof）由于……的结果Hestudiedhard,andinconsequencehepassedtheexam.他努力学习，因此通过了考试。Inconsequenceofhavingtouseafter-burnersmorefuelisconsumed.由于必须使用加力燃烧室，消耗了较多的燃料。37.underconsideration在考虑中inconsiderationof（=inreturnfor,onaccountof,becauseof）由于Thequestionisnowunderconsideration.这个问题正在考虑之中。InconsiderationoftheextraworkTomhaddone,hisbossgavehimanextraweek’spay.由于汤姆做了额外的工作，老板多付给他一周的薪水。38.take…intoconsideration（=takeaccountof,take…intoaccount）考虑到，把……考虑进去Ialwaystakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.我买汽车时总要把燃油消耗量考虑在内。39.consistof（=becomposedof）由……组成的。consistin主要在于。consistwith符合，与……一致Aweekconsistofsevendays.一星期由七天组成。Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity.该计划的妙处在于简洁明了。Healthdonotconsistwithintemperance.健康不放纵，放纵不健康。【模拟试题】常考的动词短语专项练习：选择最佳选项1.Itwasfoolishofhimtohisnotesduringthatimportanttest,andasaresult,hegotpunished.A.sticktoB.refertoC.keeptoD.pointto2.Thesportsmeetwillbenextweekbecauseofthebadweather.A.putoffB.putawayC.putupD.putdown3.Thisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkofit.A.lookthroughB.lookonC.lookintoD.lookup4.Afterallthestudentshadtakentheirseats,theteachertheexaminationpaper.A.handedinB.handedonC.handedoutD.handedover5.Ireallydon’twanttogototheparty,butIdon’tseehowIcanit.A.getbackfromB.getoffC.getawayD.getoutof6.Readerscanquitewellwithoutknowingtheexactmeaningofeachword.A.getoverB.getinC.getalongD.getthrough7.Icanhardlyheartheradio.wouldyouplease?A.turnitonB.turnitdownC.turnitupD.turnitoff8.Itiswisetohavesomemoneyforoldage.A.putawayB.keptupC.givenawayD.laidup9.Weareallgoingtothegames.whydon’tyoucome?A.upB.acrossC.alongD.to10.Shehisnumberinthephonebooktomakesurethatshehadgotitright.A.lookedupB.lookedforC.pickedoutD.pickedup11.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout12.Theinternethasbroughtbigchangesinthewaywework.A.aboutB.outC.backD.up13.Idon’trock’n’roll.It’smuchtoonoisyformytaste.A.goafterB.goawaywithC.gointoD.goinfor14.Itwasnotaseriousillness,andshesoonit.A.gotoverB.gotonwithC.gotroundD.gotoutof15.Theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeencompletely.A.turneddownB.putoutC.putawayD.turnedover16.Insomewesterncountries,demandforgraduatesfrommbacourseshas.A.turneddownB.turnedoverC.fallendownD.fallenover17.youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butpleasethebookswhenyou’vefinishedwiththem.A.putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoff18.Wewantedtogethomebeforedark,butitdidn’tquiteasplanned.A.makeoutB.turnoutC.goonD.comeup19.Itiscertainthathewillhisbusinesstohissonwhenhegetsold.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.goover20.Heaccidentallyhehadquarreledwithhiswifeandthathehadn’tbeenhomeforacoupleofweek.A.letoutB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout【试题答案】1—5BAACB11—15DADAB6—10CCACA16—20CCBCA高考重难点短语复习（三）一.教学内容：中学阶段重难点短语复习（三）二.重难点短语与例句：1.consultsb.on/aboutsth.向……征求……方面的意见,就……向……请教Iconsultedwithafriendonamatter.我和朋友商量一件事。2.becontentwith(=besatisfiedwith)满足于becontenttodosth.愿意做某事Heisquitecontentwithhispresentfortune.他对自己目前的境遇颇为得意。Noteveryonewillbecontenttobetrayfriendsformoney.3.contraryto(=inoppositionto)与……相反Mysister’stasteindressesiscontrarytomyown.在服装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。4.onthecontrary相反Heisnotpoor,onthecontrary,heisamillionaire.他不穷,相反,他是个百万富翁。5.incontrastto/with和……形成对比bycontrast对比之下Theblackfurnishingsprovideaninterestingcontrasttothewhitewalls.黑色家具和白色墙壁形成很有意思的对比。Thecoastalareashavemildwinters,butbycontrastthecentralplainsbecomeextremelycold.沿海地区的冬天天气暖和，可是相比之下中部平原却异常寒冷。6.contributeto有助于Arecentsurveysayssmokingcontributestolungcancer.7.undercontrol(被)控制住outofcontrol无法控制Thefirehasbeenbroughtundercontrol.火势已受到控制。Thebuswentoutofcontrolandranintoashopfront.那公共汽车失去控制,撞到了一家商店的门脸。8.atone’sconvenience(=whereandwhenitsuitsone)在方便的时间或地点beconvenientto/for对……方便Pleasedeliverthegoodsatyourearliestconvenience.请尽早送货。It’sagreatconveniencetoliveintown.住在城市里有很大的方便。Willitbeconvenientforyoutocomeinthemorning?你上午来方便吗？9.convincesb.of(=causesb.tobelieveorfeelcertain;topersuadesb.)使某人确信。trytopersuadesb.todosth.劝说某人做……Itrytoconvincehimoftherealityofthedanger.我试图使他相信危险的确存在。Canyoupersuadeheroutofherfoolishplans?你能劝她放弃她那些愚蠢的计划吗？10.copewith(=dealwith,trytofindasolutionto)应付,处理I’mafraidIcan’tcopewiththisproblem.恐怕我应付不了这个问题。11.atallcosts不惜任何代价.atthecostof以……为代价Thebridgemustberepairedwithinthreedaysatallcosts.要不惜一切代价在三天内把桥修好。12.becriticalof爱挑毛病的，批评的Theinquirywascriticalofherwork.该项调查对她的工作提出了批评。13.curesb.of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病Thatnastyshockcuredhimofhisinquisitivenessforever.那一沉重教训根除了他凡事爱打听的毛病。14.adangerto对……的危险;beindanger(of)处于……危险中;beoutofdanger脱离危险Violentcriminalslikethatareadangertosociety.那种暴力罪犯对社会是一种危害。Theoperationisasuccessandnowthepatientisoutofdanger.手术成功了，病人现在已脱离危险。15.outofdate过时的；uptodate新式的,时兴的;datebackto可追溯到;datefrom从某时期开始(有)Mypassportisoutofdate.我的护照已经过期了。Allourinformationisuptodateonthecomputer.我们计算机上的信息都是最新的。ThiscastledatesbacktoRomantimes.这个城堡可追溯到罗马时代。ThehistoryofpubliceducationintheUnitedStatesdatesfromthesocietyoftheearlypioneers.美国的公共教育史起源于早期拓荒者的社会。16.onthedecline在衰退中,在减少中ontheincrease在增加Sheisonthedecline,andmaydiesoon.她的健康每况愈下，可能不久于人世。Thenumberofrobberiesintheareaisonthedecline.这地区的劫案在减少。ThedemandforprimaryproductsisontheincreaseinEuropeanmarket.欧洲市场对初级产品的需求在增长。17.toone’sdelight令某人感到高兴toone’sregret遗憾;sorrow悲痛;relief安心;distress苦恼;shame羞愧;surprise惊奇;astonishment惊奇Toourdelight,TomwonthefirstprizeinthespeakingcompetitionyesterdayToourrelief,oursonhascomebackhomesafelyatlast.Tohissurprise,over50studentsdonatedabout100yuantochildrenwithdisabilities.18.delightin(=takegreatpleasureindoingsth.)喜欢,取乐take(a)delightin喜欢干……,以……为乐Hetakesgreatdelightinpainting.他爱好绘画。19.demandsth.ofsb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西.demandsth.fromsb.向某人要求(物质的)东西Allwivesdemandloveoftheirhusband.Don’tdemandsomuchfromyourparents.20.indemand有需求;ondemand受到要求时Goodsecretariesarealwaysindemand.好的秘书总是很多人都需要的。Payableimmediatelyorondemand.应付的可立即支付或应要求可支付的21.despairof(=loseallhopeof)绝望We’vedespairofhim;hecan’tkeepajobformorethansixmonths.我们对他已经绝望了,他做什么工作都不能超过半年。22.indespair绝望Thepoorwomanwasindespair.那可怜的女人陷入了绝望。Apersonismostdisappointedwhenheisindespair.一个人在绝望时最失望。23.indetail详细地Hedescribetherobberyindetailtous.他向我们详细地描述了抢劫事件。24.differfrom…in与……的区别在于……Mandiffersfrombeastsinthattheformerisabletolaugh,whilethelatteraren’t.人不同于野兽，因前者能笑，而后者却不能。25.indifficulties…有困难,处境困难,Theyofferedhimthehandoffellowshipwhenhewasindifficulties.当他身处困境时，他们向他伸出了友谊之手。26.beyonddispute不容争议的,无可争议indispute在争议中Hishonestyisbeyonddispute.他的诚实是无可争议的。Theexactcauseoftheaccidentisstillindispute.事故的真正起因仍有争议。27.distinguishbetween(=makeorrecognizedifferences)辨别distinguish…from把……与……区别开Idonotseehowyoucandistinguishbetweenthetwo.我不明白您怎么能区分这两者。Onematerialcanbedistinguishedfromanotherbytheirphysicalproperties:color,density,specific,heatandsoon.一种材料与另一种材料的区别在于它们的物理性能：颜色、密度和比热等等。28.doawaywith(=getridof)除去,废除,取消;doawaywith(=kill)杀掉,镇压Iwantthemtodoawaywiththisfeudalcustom.我希望他们废除这一封建陋俗。DoIhavetodoawaywithmyhabit?我是不是得改掉我的习惯？29.have…todowith与……有关系IthoughtJohnmusthavesomethingtodowiththismatter.30.withoutdoubt(=undoubtedly)无可置疑地indoubt(=inaconditionofuncertainty)对……表示疑惑HeiswithoutdoubttheclevereststudentI’veevertaught.他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。Alwaysproofreadcompletedlettersverycarefully.Consultdictionarywhennecessaryorindoubt.完成的书信一定要很小心地校对，有必要或怀疑时查典。31.byear(=playmusicfrommemorywithouthavingseenitprinted)凭记忆,不看乐谱haveanearfor(=havekeenrecognitionofsoundsesp.inmusicandlanguage)对……有鉴赏力Alanhasanearformusic.Inmyopinion,shewillbeagreatmusicianoneday.32.onearth究竟,到底,全然Whyonearthdidn’tyoutellmethetruth?你到底为什么不跟我说实话？33.withease(=easily)容易,不费力at(one’s)ease(=withoutworryornervousness)自在,不拘束putsb.athis/herease(=freesb.fromworryornervousness)使某人感到无拘束Theirhelpenabledmetofinishtheworkwithease.他们帮助我，使我能够顺利地完成工作。Hefeltateaseandconfidentaboutthefuture.他对未来感到轻松自在并且充满信心。34.haveaneffecton对……有影响beineffect(=beinoperation)有效gointoeffect生效.(近:comeintoeffect;takeeffect;bebroughtintoeffect)ineffect(=infact,really)实际上giveeffectto(=carryout)实行,使……生效totheeffectthat大意是……,主要内容是……tothateffect是那个意思的……Parentsdohaveagreateffectontheirownchildren.Someancientlawsarestillineffect.有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。Thenewrulinggiveseffecttotherecommendationsofthespecialcommittee.这一新裁定使特别委员会的推荐生效。Hesaidhewasgreatlyworried,orwordstothateffect.他说他非常担忧，或大致是这个意思。【模拟试题】1.Wehavetothewheatassoonaspossiblebecauseastormisontheway.A.getawayB.getacrossC.getthroughD.getin2.Onceadecisionhasbeenmade,allofusshouldit.A.directtoB.sticktoC.leadtoD.referto3.Beforethewarbrokeout,manypeopleinsafeplacespossessionstheycouldnottakewiththem.A.threwawayB.putawayC.gaveawayD.carriedaway4.It’stenyearssincethescientistonhislife’sworkofdiscoveringthevaluablechemical.A.madeforB.tookoffC.setoutD.turnedup5.Tokeephealthy,professorJohnsoncyclingasregularformofexerciseafterheretired.A.tookupB.caughtonC.carriedonD.madefor6.Helenalwayshelpshermothereventhoughgoingtoschoolmostofherday.A.savesupB.makesupC.takesupD.putsup7.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.It’stimeforustoourstudies.A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover8.afteralongwayshewastiredandherlegs.A.gaveinB.gaveoutC.gaveupD.gaveaway9.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.yourcourage.A.keepupB.keepoffC.keeponD.keepaway10.Thepictureoftheparkmemoriesofourclasstriplastyear.A.tookupB.cameupC.turnedupD.calledup11.IfMarycarriesonworkinglikethis,she’llsoonerorlater.A.holdonB.giveoutC.getdownD.breakdown12.I’llthematterassoonaspossible.justhavealittlepatience.A.lookintoB.lookafterC.lookthroughD.lookabout13.IcansomenoisewhileI’mstudying,butIcan’tstand