Unit+4+Natural+Disasters+一词多义 熟词生义 清单 高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

一词多义&熟词生义汇总（五）——必修一Unit4slidevi.&vt.滑行；滑动Wesliddownthegrassyslope.我们从草坡上滑了下来。n.滑动Hercarwentintoaslide.她的车打起滑来。【熟词生义】vi.衰落；衰退Theindustryhasslidintodecline.这个行业已成衰退之势。n.降低；衰落；跌落Theeconomyisontheslide(=gettingworse).经济日益衰退。n.幻灯片aslideshow幻灯放映floodn.洪水Theheavyrainhascausedfloodsinmanypartsofthecountry.大雨使全国许多地方泛滥成灾。vi.淹没Thecellarfloodswheneveritrainsheavily.只要一下大雨地窖就淹水。vi.大量涌入Telephonecallscamefloodinginfromalloverthecountry.全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。vt.使灌满水；淹没Ifthepipeburstsitcouldfloodthewholehouse.要是水管破裂整座房子就会灌满水。【熟词生义】n.大量afloodofcomplaints大量投诉damagevt.损害；破坏Thefirebadlydamagedthetownhall.火灾使市政厅遭到严重破坏。n.损坏；损失serious/severe/extensive/permanent/minordamage重大的╱严重的╱大范围的╱永久性的╱轻微的损坏【熟词生义】n.赔偿金Hewasorderedtopaydamagestotalling￡30000.他被责令支付总额为3万英镑的损害赔偿金。affectvt.影响Youropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.你的意见不会影响我的决定。【熟词生义】vt.疾病侵袭Theconditionaffectsoneinfivewomen.每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。vt.深深打动Theyweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已sheltern.避难处Theybuiltaroughshelterfromoldpiecesofwood.他们用旧木条搭了一个简陋的窝棚。n.居所Humanbeingsneedfood,clothingandshelter.人类有衣、食、住的需求。n.庇护Thefoxwasrunningfortheshelterofthetrees.狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。vt.保护；掩蔽Treesshelterthehousefromthewind.树给房子挡住了风。vi.躲避（风雨或危险）Weshelteredfromtheraininadoorway.我们在一处门廊里避雨。shockn.震惊toone’sshock令人震惊的是n.令人震惊的事Thenewsofmypromotioncameasashock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。n.休克Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.她因休克被送到医院。vt.（使）震惊Wewereallshockedatthenewsofhisdeath.听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。gasn.气体Airisamixtureofgases.空气为混合气体。n.燃气agasexplosion/leak气体爆炸；煤气泄漏n.汽油agasstation加油站trapvt.使落入陷阱；使落入圈套Theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding.他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。n.陷阱；险境Shehadsetatrapforhimandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。revivevt.&vi.复活Theeconomyisbeginningtorevive.经济开始复苏。vt.&vi.（使）苏醒Theparamedicscouldn'treviveher.护理人员无法使她苏醒。effortn.努力Youshouldputmoreeffortintoyourwork.你应该更加努力地工作。n.艰难的尝试；尽力Thecompanyhaslaidoff150workersinanefforttosavemoney.公司为节省资金遣散了150名工作人员。inaneffortto企图（努力想）；试图要sparenoeffort不遗余力竭尽全力不惜一切代价不惜血本makeeveryeffort尽一切努力makeaneffort作出努力contextn.上下文；语境Youshouldbeabletoguessthemeaningofthewordfromthecontext.你应该能从上下文猜出这个词的含义。n.背景ThisspeechneedstobesetinthecontextofBritaininthe1960s.这篇演说需要放到20世纪60年代的英国这一背景之下来看待。suffervt.遭受；蒙受Hesufferedamassiveheartattack.他的心脏病发作很严重。vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦Manycompaniesaresufferingfromashortageofskilledstaff.许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出Thevolcanocoulderuptatanytime.这座火山随时可能爆发。vt.突然发生；爆发Violenceeruptedoutsidetheembassygates.大使馆门外突然发生了暴乱。supplyn.供应（量）Suppliesoffoodarealmostexhausted.贮存的食物快吃完了。n.补给TheUNhasagreedtoallowthesupplyofemergencyaid.联合国已同意允许提供紧急援助。n.补给品Oursupplieswererunningout.我们的补给快用完了。vt.供应；供给Localschoolssupplymanyofthevolunteers.许多志愿者来自当地学校。survivevi.生存；存活Ican'tsurviveon￡40aweek.一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。vt.幸存Manybirdsdidn'tsurvivetheseverewinter.很多鸟死于这次严冬。vt.艰难度过Thecompanymanagedtosurvivethecrisis.公司设法渡过了危机。【熟词生义】vt.比...活的时间长Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.丈夫死后她又活了十年。powern.电力供应apowerfailure停电n.能量nuclear/wind/solarpower核╱风╱太阳能n.力量Theshipwashelplessagainstthepowerofthestorm.那艘船只能任凭强大的暴风雨肆虐。【熟词生义】n.控制力Theaimistogivepeoplemorepowerovertheirownlives.目的是让人们更能主宰自己的生命。n.统治；政权totake/seize/losepower掌握╱夺取╱失掉政权cometopower/beinpower执政n.能力；机会Itisnotwithinmypowertohelpyou.我是爱莫能助啊。n.军事强国；有影响力的大国worldpowers世界列强tapvt.轻扣；轻敲；轻拍Ralphtappedmeontheshoulder.拉尔夫轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀。Hekepttappinghisfingersonthetable.他不停地用手指轻轻敲着桌子。n.水龙头Turnthetapon/off.打开╱关上龙头。n.轻扣；轻敲Hefeltataponhisshoulderandturnedround.他觉得有人轻轻拍他的肩膀便转过身来。whistlevt.吹口哨towhistleatune用口哨吹曲子vi.吹口哨；发出笛声Shewhistledtothedogtocomeback.她打了个呼哨把狗唤回来。n.哨子声Hescoredthewinninggoaljustsecondsbeforethefinalwhistle.他就在终场哨声前的几秒钟内打进了制胜的一球。【熟词生义】n.呼啸声Thewindwaswhistlingthroughthebuilding.

风呼啸着穿过那座大楼。calmadj.镇静的；沉着的Itisimportanttokeepcalminanemergency.情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。vt.使平静；使镇静Havesometea;it'llcalmyournerves.喝点茶吧，这会使你紧张的神经松弛下来。aidn.帮助；援助cometoone’said援助某人Hewasbreathingonlywiththeaidofaventilator.他只有靠呼吸器呼吸。n.救援物资Anextra￡10millioninforeignaidhasbeenpromised.额外的1000万英镑外国援助款项已得到保证。vi.&vt.帮助；援助Theywereaccusedofaidinghiminhisescape.他们被控帮助他逃跑。crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击Hecrashedhiscarintoawall.他的汽车撞到了墙上。n.撞车；碰撞acar/planecrash汽车撞车事故；飞机失事waven.海浪；波浪Hugewaveswerebreakingontheshore.巨浪拍打着海岸。n.挥手；招手Hegaveusawaveasthebusdroveoff.公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。vi.&vt.挥手；招手Thepeopleonthebuswavedandwewavedback.公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。vt.挥舞Crowdslinedtheroute,wavingflagsandcheering.人群沿路线排成行，挥舞着旗子欢呼。strikevt.碰撞；撞击Thetreewasstruckbylightning.树遭到雷击。vi.&vt.侵袭Theareawasstruckbyanoutbreakofcholera.那一地区爆发了霍乱。vi.袭击Thelioncrouchedreadytostrike.狮子蹲身准备袭击。vi.&vt.突击；击打Shestruckhimintheface.她掴了他一耳光。n.罢工；罢课Halftheworkforcearenow(out)onstrike.现在有半数职工罢工。n.袭击anairstrike空袭【熟词生义】vt.突然想到Itsuddenlystruckmehowwecouldimprovethesituation.我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。vt.划（火柴）tostrikeamatchonawall在墙上擦火柴vt.&