2023-2024学年云南省高三（上）质检英语试卷（10月份）

2023-2024学年云南省高三（上）质检英语试卷（10月份）阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）1．（7.5分）ThegreatphilosopherVoltaireoncesaid"Readingmakespeopleseeandthinkclearly."Ifyouwanttobeabetterself，trythefollowingbooks.PrideandPrejudicePrideandPrejudiceiskindofaliteraryRosettaStone，theinspiration，basis，andmodelforsomanymodernnovels.Forabookwrittenintheclearly19thcentury，ismodernityissurprisingonlyuntilyourealizethatthisisthenovelthatinmanywaysdefinedwhatamodernnovelis.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsFromNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorMillieMarottacomesthisgorgeouscelebrationoftheanimalkingdom.Highlightingthedifficultyof43endangeredspeciesfromaroundtheworld，thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater，oceans，forests，mountains，deserts，grasslandsandwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareandwell﹣knownanimalsandtheirhabitats.PatriarchyandCapitalismChizukoUeno，aleadingJapanesesociologist，feminist（女权主义）criticandpublicintellectual，hasbeenapioneerinwomen'sstudiesandtheauthorofmanybooks，includingPatriarchyandCapitalismwhichdiscussesthestatusofJapanesewomen.KnowMyNameChanelMiller'sbreathtakingmemoirispraisedtobetheBestBookoftheYearinPeoplemagazine.Inthisbook，sherecallsallherwholelife.It'sastoryoftrauma（创伤）andtranscendence（超越），shiningwiththecouragerequiredtomovethroughsufferingandliveafullandbeautifullife.（1）WhatisspecialaboutPrideandPrejudice？A.Ithasalonghistory.B.Itencouragesreaders.C.Itdefinesmodernnovels.D.Itincludessurprisingplots.（2）Whichshouldyouchooseifyouwanttoknowaboutnature？A.Marcovaldo.B.PrideandPrejudice.C.TheRingsofSaturn.D.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals.（3）WhatkindofbookisKnowMyName？A.Arecordaboutendangeredanimals.B.Afolktale.C.Anoveldiscussingfemalestatus.D.Anautobiography.2．（10分）Heavycloudsthreatenrain，butthisdoesn'tseemtoweakenthespiritsofthegardenerswhoarecheerfullyweedinginacommunityvegetablegardenwhichliesdeepinsideManguinhos，previouslyarubbishdump.TheManguinbosgardenispartoftheHortasCariocasproject（CariocaGardens）.Launchedin2006byJulioCesarBarros，anagriculturistwhoworksforthegovernment，theprojectnowincludes55gardensthatarelocatedeitherinschoolsorin"vulnerable"neighborhoods，suchasfavelas（棚户区）.Thegardensproduceorganicfoodthatisthensuppliedtofeedlow﹣incomefamiliesaround.Barrosexplainsthattheexpansionofthelargestgardenwhichwillbenefitfivenearbyfavelasisunderway.Itwillfollowthesamemodelasexistinggardens.Eachofthefivefavelaswillprovideateamoflocalgardeners.Halfoftheproducemustbedonatedlocally，buttheteamisthenfreetoselltheotherhalf，addingtothesalarytheyreceive.HortasCariocasisrunandfundedbythegovernment，buteachgardenistendedbyagroupoflocalswhoreceiveasmallsalary：fortheirwork!Thefavelaresidentsinvolvedinthegardensareneverthelessenthusiasticabouttheproject'sotherbenefits，suchaseducationandbringingpeoplehappiness.Ialwaystellpeople，HortasCariocas'disthenameoftheproject，butitssurnameis"SavingLives"，saysEzequielDiasAreas，whomanagestheteamofgardenersinManguinhos.DiasAreaswasunemployedforfiveyearsbeforegettinginvolvedin2013.Withoutthegarden"todayImightbedoingsomethingillegal，Imightbedead，Imightbeinprison"，hesays.DouglasdosSantos，a30﹣year﹣oldfather﹣of﹣four，tellshisstory."Ifeelvalued，"hesays，explaininghowhelearnedaboutagricultureviatheproject.Despitehispride，dosSantosisn'tblindtotheproject'sshortcomings.Hereadilyadmitsthatjugglingapleasantrelationshipwiththefavela'sresidents'associationisnoeasytask.（1）Wheremaythevegetablegardensbe？A．Insomefootballpitches.B．InBarros'neighbourhood.C．Inlow﹣incomecommunities.D．Inlocalgovernmentyards.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutHortasCariocas？A．Benefitsofitaremany﹣sided.B．Localgardenersworkforitforfree.C．Theproduceissoldbythegovernment.D．Itisfinanciallysupportedbythelocals.（3）Whatischallengingfortheproject？A．Theshortageofthegardeners.B．Theprofitsitmadeissolimited.C．Thisprojectisrejectedbythelocals.D．It'shardtokeepapleasantrelationshipwiththefavela'sresidents'association（4）WhatisSantos'attitudetowardstheproject？A．NegativeB．SuspiciousC．ObjectiveD．Notclear3．（10分）Microbiologistshavedesignedasustainablewaytoremovepollutingmicroplasticsfromtheenvironmentbyusingbacteria.Initialdesignasitis，itpavesthewayforsustainablyloweringplasticpollutionlevelsandstopthe"plastification".Bacterianaturallytendtogrouptogetherandsticktosurfaces，andthiscreatesastickymaterialcalled"biofilm".ResearchersattheHongKongPolytechnicUniversity（PolyU）wanttousethisadhesivebacteriacharacterandcapturemicroplasticsinpollutedwatertoformaneasilydisposableandrecyclableblob（团）.SylviaLangLiu，microbiologyresearcheratPolyUandleadresearcheronthisproject，togetherwithhisteam，hasengineeredabacterialbiofilm，whichcanfixandabsorbmicroplasticsfloatingaroundinthewater，andmakethemsinktothebottomofthewater.Thentheresearcherscanseparatethemicroplasticsfromthebacteriatrapsandgetthemreadytorecycle.Microplasticsaretheplasticfragments，usuallysmallerthan5mm，whichareaccidentallyreleasedintotheenvironmentduringproductionandbreakdownofgrocerybagsorwaterbottles，orduringeverydayactivitiessuchaswashingsynthetic（合成的）clothesorusingpersonalcareproductswithscrubbingmicrobeadsinthem.Microplasticsarevisuallytiny，makingitchallengingtodevelopeffectivesolutionstotrap，collect，andrecyclethem.Microplasticsarenoteasilybiodegradable（生物降解的），sotheystickaroundforlongandabsorbandaccumulatepoisonouschemicals.Theyspreadintowastewaterandintotheoceans，endangeringmarineanimalsandevenusuallythreateninghumanhealth，.Microplasticshadbeonfoundinmorethan114specieslivinginthewaterandalsosalt，lettuce，apples，andmorein2018accordingtotheInternationalMaritimeOrganization."Thisisaninnovativeapplicationofbiofilmengineeringtoaddresstheplasticpollutioncrisis，"saidDrJoannaSadler，researcheratUniversityofEdinburgh，whowasnotinvolvedinthisstudy."OneofthebiggestchallengesindealingwillmicroplasticsiscapturingsuchsmallparticlesLiuandco﹣workershavedemonstratedanelegantsolutiontothisproblem，whichholdsgreatpotentialtobefurtherdevelopedintoareal﹣worldwastewatertreatmenttechnology，"（1）Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword"adhesive"inParagraph2？A.Floating.B.Sticky.C.Diverse.D.Visual.（2）Whyaremicroplasticshardtocapture？A.Theyarevisuallytoosmall.B.Theyarehardtobiodegrade.C.Theycontinuetoexistforlong.D.Theyarepoisonouschemicals.（3）Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph？A.Smallparticlesareessentialtoaddresswaterpollution.B.Biofilmhasbeenwidelyusedtosettleplasticpollution.C.Sadlerthinkslittleofthebiofilmengineeringapplication.D.Biofilmapplicationispromisingforwastewatertreatment.（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Microplasticremoval.B.Usesofbacteria.C.Wastewatertreatment.D.Plasticpollution.4．（10分）OnerecentreportfoundthatadultsintheUSchecktheirphones，onaverage，344timesaday—onceeveryfourminutes—andspendalmostthreehoursadayontheirdevicesintotal.Theproblemformanyofusisthatonequickphone﹣relatedtaskleadstoaquickcheckofouremailorsocialmediafeeds，andsuddenlywe'vebeentrappedintoendlessscrolling（刷屏）.Whatwedoknowisthatthesimpledistractionofcheckingaphoneorseeinganotification（提示）canhavenegativeconsequences.Thisisn'tverysurprising；weknowthat，ingeneralmultitaskingharmsmemoryandperformance.Oneofthemostdangerousexamplesisphoneusewhiledriving.Onestudyfoundthatmerelyspeakingonthephone，nottexting，wasenoughtomakedriversslowertoreactontheroad.It'strueforeverydaytasks，too.Simplyhearinganotification"ding"madeparticipantsofanotherstudyperformfarworseonatask﹣almostasbadlyasparticipantswhowerespeakingortextingonthephoneduringthetask.Inonerecentstudy，forexample，researchersaskedparticipantstoeitherputtheirphonesnexttothemsotheywerevisible（likeonadesk），nearbyandoutofsight（likeinabagorpocket），orinanotherroom.Participantsthencompletedaseriesoftaskstotesttheirabilitiestoprocessandrememberinformation，theirproblem﹣solving，andtheirfocus.Theywerefoundtoperformfarbetterwhentheirphoneswereinanotherroominsteadofnearby—whethervisible，poweredonornot.Thatheldtrueeventhoughmostoftheparticipantsclaimednottobeconsciouslythinkingabouttheirdevices.Ourbrainsmaybesubconsciouslyhardatworkinpreventingthedesirefromcheckingourphones，orconstantlymonitoringtheenvironmenttoseeifweshouldcheckourphone（eg.waitingforanotification）.Eitherway，thisdistractedattentioncanmakedoinganythingelsemoredifficult.Theonly"fix"，theresearchersfound，wasputtingthedeviceinadifferentroomentirely.（1）WhatdidtherecentreportinParagraphIfind？A．Multitaskingisverydangerous.B．Notificationisalwaysheard.C．Peopleareaddictedtomobilephones.D．Peoplelikedoingphone﹣relatedtasks.（2）Howisthetextdeveloped？A．Bymakingcomparisons.B．Byexaminingdifferences.C．Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.D．Byanalyzingcausesandgivingexamples.（3）Whatshouldyoudotopreventthedesireofcheckingphones？A．Doanythingmoredifficult.B．Usephonestodorightthings.C．Monitortheenvironmentaround.D．Stayawayfromphonesentirely.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？A．HowdoWeAvoidtheDistractionofPhonesB．WhyArePeopleFondofUsingMobilePhonesC．WhatShouldWeDoWhenBuyingMobilePhonesD．HowDoWeDoResearchbyUsingMobilePhones5．（12.5分）Gettingalongwithothersisallaboutunderstanding，empathy，andrespect.Letmeshareafewtipswithyou.Beagoodlistener.（1）.Showgenuineinterestinwhattheyhavetosayandaskfollow﹣upquestions.Thishelpsthemfeelvaluedandunderstood.Beopen﹣minded.Acceptthateveryoneisdifferentandhastheirownperspectivesandbeliefs.Trytobeunderstandingandtolerant，evenifyoudisagreewithsomeone.（2）.（3）.Celebrateyourfriends'successesandbethereforthemduringchallengingtimes.Offerahelpinghandoralisteningearwhenneeded.Showingkindnessandsupportstrengthensyourbondwithothersandmakesthemfeelcomfortablearoundyou.Berespectfulofboundaries.Everyonehastheirpersonalspaceandlimits.It'simportanttorecognizeandhonorthem.（4）.Treatthemwithkindnessandavoidjudgment.（5）.Discoversharedhobbies，activities，orpassionswithyourfriends.Engaginginactivitiestogethercreatesasenseoffriendshipandstrengthensyourconnection.Italsoprovidesopportunitiesformeaningfulconversationsandsharedexperiences.Remember，buildingstrongfriendshipstakestimeandeffort.It'sessentialtoinvestinmeaningfulconversations，demonstratekindness，andshowgenuinecareforothers.Byfollowingthesetips，you'llfinditeasiertogetalongwithyourfriendsandcreatelastingbondsoffriendship.A．BefriendlyB．BesupportiveC．FindcommoninterestsD．Respectothers'opinions，choices，andprivacyE．Whensomeoneistalking，tellthemaboutyourselfF．Whensomeoneistalking，givethemyourfullattentionG．Thiscreatesamoreharmoniousatmosphereandencouragespeopletobethemselves语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）6．（15分）Whenitcomestomyfatheringlessons，fewadventurescomparetothemotorcycletripsI'vesharedwithmydaughter，Ewa.Ourfirst（1），inAugust2017，wasawinding（蜿蜒的）ridearoundtheCatskillsandFingerLakedistrictsofNewYorkstate.We（2）bighighwaysandspenttheweekon（3）scenicbackroads.Atonepoint，Ifoundmyself（4）alongaCatskillsmeadow（草地）notfarfromWoodstock，keepingpacewithadeerandshouting，"GoBambi，go!"Onoursecondday，we（5）inasmalltownforicecream.Iaskedthewomanatthepicnictablenexttous："What'sthe（6）ofthistown？""Interlaken，"sheanswered."Whereareyoutryingtogetto？"Me："Wedon'tknow."It（7）tomethenthatI'dalwayswantedtodothisno﹣schedulekindoftrip，whenyouridejustforriding.Askanymiddle﹣aged（8）：We'vealldreamedaboutdoingtheEasyRider（逍遥骑士）thing，throwingourwristwatchesintotheditchandheadingtowardthehorizonwithouta（9）.Now，travellingwithnoplanbecamea（10）ofmyrideswithEwa.Sincewealmost（11）knewwhereweweregoing，wewerealmostnever（12）whenwearrived，pulling（13）theroadattheendofeachdaywithsatisfaction.Thereasontocelebrate？We（14）!Thetruthisthatlifeonamotorbikeisoneclosecall（死里逃生）afteranother.Ontheway，ridersmuststay（15）100percentofthetime.Atinystonecanbedeadly.Iusedtobenervous，butEwahadadifferenttake："Tome，motorcyclingislikemeditation（冥想）."（1）A.sailB.flightC.goalD.journey（2）A.avoidedB.choseC.builtD.promoted（3）A.straightB.twistyC.mainD.broad（4）A.walkingB.runningC.ridingD.laughing（5）A.settledB.stoppedC.landedD.moved（6）A.populationB.ruleC.nameD.position（7）A.occurredB.happenedC.matteredD.referred（8）A.engineerB.bicyclistC.chemistD.motorcyclist（9）A.destinationB.reactionC.explorationD.explanation（10）A.courseB.benefitC.featureD.present（11）A.neverB.alwaysC.completelyD.absolutely（12）A.satisfiedB.disappointedC.surprisedD.frightened（13）A.outB.inC.offD.down（14）A.grewB.failedC.waitedD.survived（15）A.silentB.smoothC.carefulD.energetic7．（15分）TheLionRockmountainstandsnotonlyasoneofthemostfamousscenicspotsinHongKong，（1）hasbecomeaspiritualsymbolrepresentingthepersistenteffortsofordinaryHongKongpeople（2）（live）abetterlife.TheLionRockspirithasalso（3）（deep）touchedthoseoutsideHongKong，suchasCuiXiaodong，（4）inkartistanddirectoroftheYanHuangArtMuseuminBeijing."Themountainstandslikeagiant，symbolizingtheindustriousandpersistentspiritwhich，overthepastdecades，（5）（pull）peopleinHongKongtogetherthroughhardtimes.Itisarecollectionoftheyouthandvigor（活力）ofagenerationofpeopleinHongKong（6）struggledtomakethecitywhatitistoday."hesays.CuicreatedLionRockinHongKong，acoloredinkpainting.Inhispainting，Cuidepicts（描绘）thecliffsoftheLionRock，surroundedbybloomingtreesand（7）（overlook）thecity'sskyscrapers.Madeearlierthisyear，thepaintingisnow（8）showatGreaterBayAreaintheEyesofArtists，adisplaymarkingthe25thanniversaryoftheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion.The（9）（exhibit）displayedtherehail（向……致敬）theecologicaldiversityoftheareaandalsopresentstotheaudience（10）（success）reformativeaccomplishmentssince1997.写作（共两节，满分40分）8．（15分）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack来信请你介绍学校组织的一次研学活动。内容包括：（1）活动时间、地点；（2）活动内容；（3）你的收获。注意：（1）词数应为80词左右；（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。DearJack，Iwouldliketotellyouaboutarecentstudytourorganizedbyourschool.___________Bestregards!Yours，LiHua9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jacksatbytheradioatexactlyfiveminutesbeforeseveno'clock.Thiswasapartofhisdailyroutineheneverbroke.Theoldmansighed，turnedtheradioon，andtunedittoaspecificfrequency.Hewantedtocontacthisbestfriend，Gerry.Withthenoiseinthehouse，hisstep﹣son（继子）alwayshadanargumentwithhim.Whenhiswifepassedaway，Jack'sstep﹣son，David，wantedtopersuadeadoctorthathewascrazyandhaddementia（老年痴呆）.So，hecouldgethispoweroflawyerandthensendJacktoanursinghome.Phillipdidn'tunderstandwhyDadwantedGrandpatoleavehishome.Thenextday，PhillipdecidedtofindoutwhatwashappeningwithGrandpa.Phillipbithislipandmovedclosertoaskthemostimportantquestion："WhereisGerrynow？"Grandpafrowned，"It'sbeenforty﹣fiveyears，andIstillhaven'theardfromhim，butIhaven'tgivenuphopeeither.Iknowmyfriendwillcontactmeonedaybyradioataspecificfrequency."Phillipnodded.HefeltthatGrandpawastellingthetruth.AfterlisteningtoGrandpa'sstoriesabouthisfriendGerry，PhillipreturnedhomefeelingbetteraboutGrandpa'shealth.However，thatevening，Phillipsuddenlyheardthatthedoctorwouldarriveafewminutesbeforeseveno'clock.Thistime，herealizedheneededtotakeaction.Ataboutseveno'clock，thedoctorandDavidpeeredintothesittingroomandwatchedJacksitdownandturnontheradio.Thestatic（电流声）wasloudenoughtohearintheirhidingspot.ThedoctorturnedtoDavid."Itseemsyou'rerightaboutyourstep﹣father'sstateofmind，"hesaid.注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Justthen，avoicespokeovertheradio："Jack，canyouhearme？"___________Oneday，whenJackenteredtheboy'sbedroomtosurprisePhillip，Jackgotasurprise.___________

2023-2024学年云南省高三（上）质检英语试卷（10月份）参考答案与试题解析阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）1．【解答】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第二段Forabookwrittenintheclearly19thcentury，ismodernityissurprisingonlyuntilyourealizethatthisisthenovelthatinmanywaysdefinedwhatamodernnovelis.（对于一本写于19世纪的书来说，现代性是令人惊讶的，直到你意识到这是一部在很多方面定义了现代小说的小说。）可知，PrideandPrejudice的特殊之处在于其定义了现代小说，故选C。（2）D.细节理解题。根据AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals介绍内容Highlightingthedifficultyof43endangeredspeciesfromaroundtheworld，thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater，oceans，forests，mountains，deserts，grasslandsandwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareandwell﹣knownanimalsandtheirhabitats.（这本书突出了来自世界各地的43种濒危物种的困难，带领读者穿越淡水、海洋、森林、山脉、沙漠、草原和湿地，同时了解稀有和知名动物及其栖息地。）可知，AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals这本书里提到了很多关于自然山川的事，想要了解自然的人可以选择它，故选D。（3）D.推理判断题。根据KnowMyName介绍内容Inthisbook，sherecallsallherwholelife.（在这本书中，她回忆了自己的一生。）可知，KnowMyName讲述的是作者自己的故事，则它是一个自传，故选D。2．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的Launchedin2006byJulioCesarBarros，anagriculturistwhoworksforthegovernment，theprojectnowincludes55gardensthatarelocatedeitherinschoolsorin"vulnerable"neighbourhoods，suchasfavelas（该项目于2006年由政府的农学家胡里奥•塞萨尔•巴罗斯发起，现在包括55个菜园，这些菜园要么位于学校，要么位于贫民窟等"弱势"社区），可知这些蔬菜园可能位于位于贫民窟等"弱势"社区，即低收入社区。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第四段的Thefavelaresidentsinvolvedinthegardensareneverthelessenthusiasticabouttheproject'sotherbenefits，suchaseducationandbringingpeoplehappiness（参与菜园的贫民窟居民仍然对该项目充满热情，因为它能带来其他好处，例如教育和为人们带来幸福），可知这个项目有多个益处。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段的Hereadilyadmitsthatjugglingapleasantrelationshipwiththefavela'sresidents'associationisnoeasytask（他欣然承认，与贫民窟的居民协会保持愉快的关系绝非易事），可知对这个项目来说，与贫民窟的居民协会保持愉悦的关系是有挑战性的。故选D。（4）态度判断题。根据最后一段的Despitehispride，dosSantosisn'tblindtotheproject'sshortcomings.Hereadilyadmitsthatjugglingapleasantrelationshipwiththefavela'sresidents'associationisnoeasytask（尽管很自豪，但Santos并没有对这个项目的缺点视而不见），可知Santos对这个项目的态度应该是客观的。故选C。3．【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句划线词所在句子ResearchersattheHongKongPolytechnicUniversity（PolyU）wanttousethisadhesivebacteriacharacterandcapturemicroplasticsinpollutedwatertoformaneasilydisposableandrecyclableblob（团）.（香港理工大学（PolyU）的研究人员希望利用这种粘附细菌的特性，捕捉污染水中的微塑料，形成一个易于丢弃和回收的水滴。）可以得知，细菌会黏在表面上形成一种叫做生物膜的黏性物质，并且科学家们想利用这种细菌特性。因此可推断出，adhesive就是"有黏性的"。A.Floating漂浮的；B.Sticky有黏性的；C.Diverse多种多样的；D.Visual视觉的。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Microplasticsarevisuallytiny，makingitchallengingtodevelopeffectivesolutionstotrap，collect，andrecyclethem.（微塑料在视觉上很小，因此很难开发有效的解决方案来捕获、收集和回收它们。）可知，微塑料很难收集回收是因为他们看起来很微小。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Liuandco﹣workershavedemonstratedanelegantsolutiontothisproblem，whichholdsgreatpotentialtobefurtherdevelopedintoareal﹣worldwastewatertreatmenttechnology.（刘和他的同事已经展示了这个问题的优雅解决方案，它具有进一步发展成为现实世界废水处理技术的巨大潜力。）可知，生物学家们已经演示了一个处理微塑料的方法，这个方法很有潜力被研发成一项废水处理科技。所以生物膜工程在废水处理方面很有前景。故选D。（4）主旨大意题。根据本文第一段第一句Microbiologistshavedesignedasustainablewaytoremovepollutingmicroplasticsfromtheenvironmentbyusingbacteria.（微生物学家设计了一种可持续的方法，通过使用细菌从环境中去除污染的微塑料。）可知，本文主要介绍了微生物学家设计出了一种方法移除环境中有污染性的微塑料。因此本文主旨就是微塑料的移除。故选A。4．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中OnerecentreportfoundthatadultsintheUSchecktheirphones，onaverage，344timesaday—onceeveryfourminutes—andspendalmostthreehoursadayontheirdevicesintotal.（最近的一份报告发现，美国成年人平均每天查看手机344次﹣﹣﹣每4分钟一次﹣﹣﹣每天总共花在手机上的时间接近3个小时。）可知，美国成年人平均每天查看手机344次﹣﹣﹣每4分钟一次﹣﹣﹣每天总共花在手机上的时间接近3个小时，即该研究报告指出人们对手机上瘾的现象。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Inonerecentstudy，forexample，researchersaskedparticipantstoeitherputtheirphonesnexttothemsotheywerevisible（likeonadesk），nearbyandoutofsight（likeinabagorpocket），orinanotherroom.Participantsthencompletedaseriesoftaskstotesttheirabilitiestoprocessandrememberinformation，theirproblem﹣solving，andtheirfocus.（例如，在最近的一项研究中，研究人员要求参与者要么把手机放在身边，这样就能看到手机（比如在桌子上），要么放在附近，但看不见手机（比如在包里或口袋里），要么放在另一个房间。然后，参与者完成了一系列任务，以测试他们处理和记忆信息的能力、解决问题的能力和注意力。）可知，文章通过分析手机上瘾的消极影响的原因并进行列举具体事例来展开论述的。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Theywerefoundtoperformfarbetterwhentheirphoneswereinanotherroominsteadofnearby—whethervisible，poweredonornot.（研究发现，当他们的手机放在另一个房间而不是附近时，他们的表现要好得多﹣﹣﹣无论是否可见，是否通电。）可知，通过研究我们可以完全把手机与自己隔离开来即放在别的房间可以阻止人们看手机的欲望。故选D。（4）标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段中引出"人们手机上瘾的现象"；第二段中讨论了手机使用的负面影响。文章引用了研究，显示即使是通知的干扰也会导致任务表现不佳。文章第三段中还强调了一项研究发现，参与者在手机在另一个房间时表现更好，即使他们声称没有有意识地想到他们的设备。文章第四段和第五段建议解决这个问题方法。A选项"HowdoWeAvoidtheDistractionofPhones？（我们如何避免手机的干扰？）"是最合适的标题。故选A。5．【解答】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Beagoodlistener.（做一个好的倾听者。）可知，本段主要讲述的是要做一个好的倾听者，这样能够建立强大的友谊。F选项"当别人说话的时候，你要全神贯注。"承接上文，符合语境。故选F。（2）联系上文题。根据上文Trytobeunderstandingandtolerant，evenifyoudisagreewithsomeone.（试着理解和宽容，即使你不同意别人的观点。）可知，此处指出试着理解和宽容，不同于自己的观点，下文应该阐述该做法的结果。G选项"这创造了一个更和谐的氛围，鼓励人们做自己。"中this指代上文的尝试理解和宽容不同于自己的他人观点，这种做法会创造了一个更和谐的氛围，从而鼓励人们做自己。故选G。（3）联系下文题。根据下文Celebrateyourfriends'successesandbethereforthemduringchallengingtimes.（庆祝你朋友的成功，在他们面临挑战的时候陪在他们身边。）可知，本段主要强调的是在朋友成功和面临挑战的时候都要给予他们支持。B选项"支持"概括本段主要内容，同时与上文的段旨构成并列结构即都为be动词开头的祈使句。故选B。（4）联系上文题。根据上文Everyonehastheirpersonalspaceandlimits.It'simportanttorecognizeandhonorthem.（每个人都有自己的个人空间和极限。认识并尊重他们是很重要的。）可知，此处指出尊重他人的界限和空间是非常重要的。D选项"尊重他人的意见、选择和隐私。"承接上文，与段旨呼应，强调尊重他人的意见、选择和隐私。故选D。（5）联系下文题。根据下文Discoversharedhobbies，activities，orpassionswithyourfriends.Engaginginactivitiestogethercreatesasenseoffriendshipandstrengthensyourconnection.（和你的朋友发现共同的爱好、活动或激情。一起参加活动可以建立友谊，加强你们之间的联系。）可知，本段强调的是与朋友之间发现并建立共同的爱好、活动或激情，这样有助于加强你们之间的联系。C选项"找到共同兴趣。"概括本段内容。故选C。语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）6．【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.sail航行；B.flight飞行；C.goal目标；D.journey旅程。根据后文awinding（蜿蜒的）ridearoundtheCatskillsandFingerLakedistrictsofNewYorkstate.可知，作者和女儿的第一次骑车之旅是绕着纽约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒而行。故选D。（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.avoided避免；B.chose选择；C.built建造；D.promoted促进。根据前文awinding（蜿蜒的）ride和后文"spenttheweekon__（3）__scenicbackroads.可知，作者和女儿避开了高速公路，而是在在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上骑行。故选A。（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.straight直的；B.twisty弯曲的；C.main主要的；D.broad宽阔的。根据前文的awinding（蜿蜒的）ride以及后文scenicbackroads可知，作者和女儿整个星期都在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。故选B。（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.walking步行；B.running奔跑；C.riding骑行；D.laughing笑。根据前文awinding（蜿蜒的）ride可知，作者和女儿是骑行在距离伍德斯托克不远的卡茨基尔斯草地上。故选C。（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.settled安定下来；B.stopped停止；C.landed着陆；D.moved移动。根据后文inasmalltownforicecream可知，作者和女儿停下来吃冰淇淋。故选B。（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.population人口；B.rule规则；C.name名字；D.position位置。根据后文Interlaken可知，作者询问的是小镇的名字。故选C。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.occurred发生；B.happened发生；C.mattered重要；D.referred提到。根据后文thatI'dalwayswantedtodothisno﹣schedulekindoftrip可知，这是作者突然想到的内容即一直想要进行这种没有时间表的旅行，只是为了骑行而骑行，Itoccurredtosb.that...（某人突然想到）。故选A。（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.engineer工程师；B.bicyclist自行车手；C.chemist化学家；D.motorcyclist摩托车手。根据前文作者骑摩托车之旅可知，此处指询问任何一个中年摩托车手。故选D。（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.destination目的地；B.reaction反应；C.exploration探索；D.explanation解释。根据后文travellingwithnoplan可知，现在，和Ewa一起旅行没有计划成为了作者的骑行特色，没有计划就意味着没有目的地。故选A。（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.course课程；B.benefit好处；C.feature特征；D.present礼物。根据上文travellingwithnoplan可知，和Ewa一起旅行没有计划成为了作者的骑行特色。故选C。（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.never从不；B.always总是；C.completely完全地；D.absolutely绝对地。根据前文Now，travellingwithnoplanbecamea___（10）__ofmyrideswithEwa.可知，和Ewa一起旅行没有计划成为了作者的骑行特色，所以作者几乎不知道自己要去哪里。故选A。（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfied满意的；B.disappointed失望的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.frightened害怕的。根据后文attheendofeachdaywithsatisfaction可知，每天结束时，作者和女儿都很满意，由此可知作者到达的时候是没有失望过的。故选B。（13）考查副词及语境理解。A.out出去；B.in在里面；C.off关闭；D.down向下。根据后文theroadattheendofeachdaywithsatisfaction可知，作者和女儿是骑摩托车旅行，可得出二人满意地停留在路边。pullofftheroad为固定短语，意为"停在路边"。故选C。（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.grew成长；B.failed失败；C.waited等待；D.survived幸存。根据后文Thetruthisthatlifeonamotorbikeisoneclosecall（死里逃生）afteranother.可知，事实上，摩托车上的生活就是一次又一次的死里逃生，所以值得作者和女儿庆祝的是他们活了下来，克服了骑行中的各种困难。故选D。（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.silent安静的；B.smooth平稳的；C.careful小心的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据前文Thetruthisthatlifeonamotorbikeisoneclosecall（死里逃生）afteranother.以及后文的Atinystonecanbedeadly.可知，摩托车上的生活就是一次又一次的死里逃生，一颗小小的