湖南省张家界市高三下学期二模考试英语试题

绝密★启用前2024年普通高校招生统一考试湖南3月高三联考卷英语命题：武汉市教科院、武汉市黄陂一中、武汉外国语学校英语名师团队外审：郴州市第一中学、南雅梅溪湖中学、长沙市弘益高级中学注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whowantstobuyacar?A.Thewoman. B.Theman. C.Theman’ssister.2.Whatistheman?A.Asalesman. B.Amechanic. C.Adriver.3.WhowontheJongjump?A.Jack. B.Michael. C.Sam.4.Whenwilltheyhavedinner?A.Whenthesonfinisheshishomework.B.Afterthefatheresback.C.Afterthemothercooksthedinner.5.HowlonghasthismanlearnedSpanish?A.Threemonths. B.Fourmonths. C.Sixmonths.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下而5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料、回答第6至7题。6.Wherearethetwospeakersrightnow?A.Onthestreet. B.Inthemuseum. C.Inaconvenientstore.7.Whichbuswillthewomanprobablytake?A.702. B.709. C.907.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Gotoaconcert. B.Gotowatchamovie. C.Invitethewomanfordinner.9.Whenwilltheymeetthedayaftertomorrow?A.About6:00. B.About7:30. C.Aboutr6:30.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Thetraffic. B.Tony'sreturn. C.Theholiday.11.Howisthetrafficrecently?A.Verybad. B.Prettygood. C.Justsoso.12.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutTony'sdriving?A.Unsettled. B.Anxious. C.Confident.听第9段材料。回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthemanplainaboutthehotel?A.Thepriceistoohigh. B.Theroomistoonoisy. C.Thereisnoroomleft.14.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Changearoom. B.Changeahotel. C.Closethewindow.15.Howlonghasthemanlivedinthishotel?A.Twodays. B.Threedays. C.Fourdays.16.Whenisthehotwateravailableintheman'sroom?A.Between7:00pmand11:00pm.B.Between8:00amand11:00pm.C.Between8:00pmand11:00pm.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatcanbeGMfood?A.Plants. B.Plantsoranimals. C.Animals.18.WhohasdisagreementaboutGMfood?A.Scientistsandfarmers.B.Farmersandthegovernment.C.Scientistsandcustomers.19.WhyistherealotofdisagreementaboutGMfood?A.Itmightcausethelandtobeesalty.B.Itmightcausesomehealthproblems.C.Itmightdestroynormalcrops.20.HowmanyadvantagesofgrowingandeatingGMfoodarcmentionedinthispassage?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分.37：5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALastyear,brilliant'botanistsfromRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,discovered,identifiedandnamed114spectacularnewspeciesofplantsandfungi（真菌）fromaroundtheworld.Let'sfindoutmoreaboutsomeofKew'smostwonderfulnewfinds.ROYALMUSHROOMNAME:Queen'shedgehogfungusFROM:Surrey,EnglandNamedafterthelateQueenElizabethII,thisrarefunguswasfoundinanancientforestinWhiteDown,Surrey.Accordingtothescientistswhodiscoveredit,thesoft,whiteneedlesunderthefungus'15cmwidecaplooklikehedgehogs'needlesgivingitthesecondpartofitsname.Cool!WORLD'SSTRANGESTDAFFODILNAME:SternbergiamishustiniiFROM:TurkeyTheflowersofthisrarespeciesarebrightyellow,butthey'reonly2cmlonganddon'topenupintoavisibleflower.Just300oftheseplantshavebeendiscovered,secrettohidethemfromillegalplantcollectors.RECORDBREAKINGWATERLILYNAME:GiantBolivianwaterlilyFROM:Bolivia.SouthAmericaCheckoutthishugewaterlilyits3mwideleavesarebigenoughforakidtofloaton!ThebigspecieshasjustwonthreeGuinnessWorldRecordsforlargestwaterlily,largestwaterlilyleafandlargestundividedleaf.Andgetthisalthoughthegiantplantwasonlynamedlastyear,adriedsamplehasbeenkeptinKew’sownHerbariumsince1845!Botanistshadthoughtitwasasimilar,relatedspecies.Thankfully,thecaseofmistakenidentityisallclearedupnow.Unbeleafable!21.What'sQueen'shedgehogfunguslike?A.Ithasyellowflowers. B.It'snativetoEngland.C.Itlookslikehedgehogs. D.It'scriticallyendangered.22.WhatGuinnessrecorddoesGiantBolivianwaterlilyhold?A.Theoldestfungi. B.Thebiggestleaves.C.Thefastestgrowingplant. D.Thelargestwaterlilyspecies23.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.Abotanicalmagazine. B.Ageographictextbook.C.Ahistorical.document. D.GuinnessWorldRecords.BGrowingupinaJamaicanAmericanhousehold,foodwasanimportantpartofmychildhood.Iremembermygrandmotherpreparingfrieddumplingsandcurrymutton,jazzmusicplayinginthebackground.Foodwasourgreatesttreasure.Foodbroughtthefamilytogether.Foodcelebratednewbeginningsandeasedthewoundsoflife'suntimelyendings.WhenIwas8,Iwasdiagnosedwithamuscledisease,whichcausedmetospendmostofmychildhoodinhospital.roomsandwheelchairs,slowlygainingweightbyswallowingprednisone（肾上腺皮质激素）hiddeninsidemintchocolatechipicecream.Mymommadeitherdutytohelpmelosetheweightthroughstrictdieting.I'vetriedeverysingleone.Infairness,mymotherdidthebestshecould.Asasinglemom,shefeltthisbroughtuscloser.However,asanadult,Ibegantoexperienceaparalyzingfearoffood.My"I'llstartanewdietonMonday"mindsetlastedfor16yearsasIuncontrollablyateandabusedmybody.IwasworriedthatIwasnotattractiveenough.SoobsessedandafraidnoonewouldhiremeasanactressifIdidn’twinthebattlewiththenumbersonthescale,inFebruary2011Iwassendtohospital.Wedoextremethingstoourbodiesbecauseofthosenumbers,numbersthatcannottalkwithusorloveus.Ihavehadtostopjudgingmybelly,stopstarvingmyself,stopgettingonthescaleandstaringatthosenumbers.IhaveetotherealizationthatmylifeismoreimportantthanthosenumbersonthescaleandthatthequalityofthelifeIliveismoreimportantthanhowIlookinthemirror.24.Whatroledidfoodplayinauthor'schildhood?A.Itstrengthenedthefamilybends.B.Itwasasourceoffamilyine.C.It'stheonlytreasurethefamilyhad.D.It'sthe,waytocelebrateJamaicantradition.25.Whatmightbetheinitialreasonoftheauthor'sstrictdieting?A.Thebeautytrend. B.Hermusclediseasetreatment.C.Hermother'sexpectation. D.Anxietyabouthercareer.26.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherdieting?A.Itwasfruitful. B.Itwayuseless.C.Itmadeherfrightenedoffood. D.ItbroughtherandMomcloser.27.Whatattitudedoestheauthorhavetothenumbersonthescalenow?A.Uncaring. B.Deeplyskeptical.C.Dismissive. D.Particularlyconcerned.CWenormallythinkofbacteriaasourenemies.Buttheyaren'tallbad.Ourbodiesarefullofthemanditturnsoutwecan'tlivewithoutthem.Fromthemomentwe'reborn,weacquire,anddevelopaninternalecosystemofsymbioticbacteriaandothermicrobes（微生物）theyareinterdependentplayersinourbody.Infact,thereareroughlyasmanymicrobialcellsinourbodiesashumancells.Thismicrobialworldiscalledourmicrobiome（微生物组）.Whilesomemicrobescanmakeusill,weneedourmicrobiometosurvive.bined,theyareeverybitasessentialasourheart,ourlungs,orourbrain.Mostofthemicrobiomeisfoundinourgut（肠道）.Theyareessentialfordigestionandhelpregulatehormonesandboostourimmunesystem.Ahealthycollectionofmicrobesseemstobevitalforourwellbeing,protectingagainstsomeofthebiggesthealththreats.Ontheotherhand,havinganunhealthymicrobiomemaybeacontributingfactorformanymondiseases.Ourmodernlifestyles,westerndietsandoveruseofantibioticsmightallbehavingaharmfuleffectonourinternalecology.Sohowdoyoudevelopahealthymicrobiomeinthegut?Well,itseemsthatthemorediverseyourmicrobialpopulationis,thebetter.Andthebestwaytoincreaseyourdiversityistoeatawiderangeofplantbasedfoods.Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohaveatleast30plantbasedelementsintheirdieteveryweekhaveawiderrangeofbacteriaintheirgut,andthat'slinkedtobetterweightmanagement,betterheartheathandbettermentalhealth.Oneeasywaytoboostyournumbersistoaddateaspoonofmixedseedstoyourbreakfast.Theinfluenceofyourgutmicrobesgoesalotfurtherthanyoumightthink.Inthelast20years,we'velearnedthattheymunicateconstantlywiththebrain,perhapsevenhavingcontroloveryourmoodandemotions.28.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordsymbioticinthefirstparagraph?A.Coexisting. B.Beneficial. C.Special. D.plicated.29.Whichstatementmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Plantbaseddietsmakepeoplehealthier.B.Microbiomeismoreimportantthanourbrain.C.There'ssomelinkbetweenthediversityofbacteriaandhealth.D.Theoveruseofantibioticsleadstodistinctincreaseinmicrobiome.30Whatmightbediscussedafterthelastparagraph?A.Examplesofgutmicrobes.B.Gutmicrobesandmentalwellingbeing.C.Interactionsofmicrobesinourbody.D.Waystoidentifybeneficialgutmicrobes.31.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Gutmicrobes:FightersinthebodyB.Themicrobiome:AcureofalldiseasesC.Gutmicrobes:ProtectorsofmentalhealthD.Themicrobiome:AcontributortoourhealthDAstudyexpandspositiveevidenceforanewscreeningtoolthatdirectlyengagespreschoolchildrenduringclinicvisitstoassesstheirearlyliteracyskills.Thetool,calledTheReadingHouse（TRH）,isthefirstofitskind.Ithasthepotentialtoidentifyreadingdifficultiesasearlyaspossible,accordingtoresearchersatCincinnatiChildren'sHospitalMedicalCenter.TRHisanassessmentdevelopedbyJohnHuttonandhisteamforkidsagedfrom3to5.Screeningtakesjustaboutfiveminutesandassessesperformancelevelsforkidsagedfrom3to5.Itaddressesasignificantgapinwaystoscreenearlyliteracyskillsefficientlyanddirectly.Thetool,whichisfunforkids,couldbeusedinplaceslikeprimarycareorpreschoolsettings.Thescreeningmeasurescoreskillstypicallyappearinginthepreschoolagerange,includingvocabulary,rhyming,alphabetknowledgeandprintconcepts.Allareskillspredictiveofreadingsuccessandoftenassociatedwithreadingdifficulties.Thestudyinvolved70healthychildren–34boysand36girlsbetween3and5yearsoldfromvarioussocioeconomicbackground.Thechildrenpletedstandardizedtestsofimportantliteracyskills:vocabulary,rhymingaridrapidautomatizednaming.FiftytwoofthesechildrenalsosuccessfullypletedMRI（磁共振成像），includingthemeasurementofthegraymattersurfaceoftheirbrains.Thethickercortex（皮质）,particularlyinleftsidedareassupportinglanguageandreading,hasbeenassociatedwithhigherskillsthatarepredictiveofreadingoutes.Manychildrenarriveatkindergartenunpreparedtolearntoread,especiallythosefromminorityandeconomicallypoorbackgroundsestimatedatover50%ofchildrenfromdisadvantagedbackgroundsintheU.S.andover25%overall.“Byscreeningearlyduringclinicvisits,wecantargeteffectiveinterventionsthathelpthesechildrenbetterprepareforkindergartenandimprovereadingoutes–literally,snapingtheinbrainstoread."saidHutton.32.WhatmightbethepurposeofcreatingTRH?A.Toidentifythebestreadingappsforkids.B.Todeveloppreschoolkids'literacyskills.C.Todiscoverkids'readingproblemsearly.D.Tostudykeyfactorsinkids'development.33.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewscreeningtool?A.Itlacksreliability. B.Ithasoperationaladvantages.C.Itcoversawidertargetgroup. D.It'smodelledafterconventionaltools.34.Whichparticipantsmaybemorecapableofreading?A.Olderchildrenfromminoritygroups.B.Youngerchildrenfromeconomicallyadvancedareas.C.Childrenwithplexcorticalpatternsintheirbrains.D.Childrenwiththethickercortexintheleftsidedareasoftheirbrains.35.WhatattitudedocsHuttonhavetoTRH?A.Doubtful. B.Favorable. C.Uncertain. D.Conservative.第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'sobviousthatoursocietyfavorstheoutgoingpersonality,sobeingintroverted（内向的）hasalwaysbeenseenassomethingthatneedstobe"fixed".However,thereisnofaultinbeingintroverted.36Introvertshavehiddenpowers.37.Whileothersarebusychatting,introvertsobservethingsmostpeopleareunawareof.Sometimeswecanevenreadpeople.Whileitmayseemintrovertsarealwayszonedout,we'reactuallyanalyzingandthinkingofcreativeideastoonedaysharewithyou.Introvertsalsokeeptheworldbalanced.Inaworldthatcan'tstoptalking,theabilitytolistentowhateachotherhastosayisanimportantvirtuethatwillassistusinbuildingpeacefulrelationshipsofunderstanding.38.Bylisteningtowhateverpeoplepourout,introvertshelpmaintaintheorderoftheworld.Introvertscanselfrecharge.Thoughtheoutgoingmaygaintheirenergythroughmixingincrowds,introvertsareselfrechargingpowerhouses.39.Theirenergyisfoundthroughloneliness.40.Inthenoiseofchatterboxes,theirvoicesoftengetdrownedout.There'snothingmoredisappointingtoanintrovertthanfinallytakingadvantageofamomenttospeak,onlytobeinterruptedbytheextroverts（外向者）.Whileextrovertsmayspeakeverythoughtthatestomind,anintrovertwillchoosetheirthoughtscarefullyandonlyspeakoftheonestheythinktheirbesttoshare.Sonexttime,allyouhavetodoistobewillingtolisten.A.Unluckily,introvertsarefacedwithabigchallenge.B.Andthisisexactlywhatourintrovertsarebornwith.C.Introvertshaveshownthepotentialtobegreatleaders.D.Extrovertedpeoplewouldhavenoonetolistentothem.E.Instead,weshouldappreciateintrovertsforvariousreasons.F.Theydon'tneedtoconstantlyputthemselvesouttheretobelively.G.Justbecauseweintrovertsdon'tsaymuchdoesn'talwaysmeanwe'reclueless.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ithadlongbeentroublingalittleboythathisdeskmatecouldrank1stintheclasseverytimewhilehefailedto:heonlyranked21st.Athome,heaskedhisMom,“Mom,amImorestupidthanothers?IfeelIamas41ashim,buthoweIalwaysfallbehind?"Hearingthewords,shewent42.Momreallywantedtotellhersonthat43differs.However,wasthisinherson'sbest44?Thankgoodnessshedidnotopenhermouth.Thereweretimeswhenshewantedtotellhim."YourfatherandIusedtobe45.Whyaren'tyoujustasclever?"Butshestoppedbecauseshefeltitwascruelto46himandthatsheneededabetter47.Timeflewswiftly.Toreducethe48onhersonwhowassufferingfromthe49ofunsatisfiedgradesandrankings,Momdecidedtotakehimtothesea.Whenlyingonthebeach,Mompointedtothe50andsaid,'Doyouseetheseabirdsoverthere?Whenthewavesenear,littlebirdscanrise51whileitwouldtakelongerforclumsyseagulls（笨拙的海鸥）topletethe52.However,haveyounoticedbirdsthat53flyacrosstheendlessoceanarenoneotherthanclumsyseagulls?'Youmightbeabit54,butyouwillbetheonewhowillmakeit!"The55speechaffectedthesonintotears.Now,thesonnolongerworriesabouthisrankings,because,withthe1stranking,heisadmittedtoatopuniversity.41. A.clever B.determined C.mindful D.Hardworking42. A.wordless B.crazy C.shy D.missing43. A.method B.degree C.intelligence D.result44. A.opinion B.practice C.interest D.case45. A.outgoing B.outstanding C.active D.ambitious46. A.hit B.hold C.blame D.block47. A.answer B.question C.excuse D.explanation48. A.debt B.tension C.ment D.burden49. A.pains B.tragedies C.risk D.loss50. A.back B.sky C.front D.feet51. A.sharply B.slightly C.dramatically D.quickly52. A.assignment B.acquisition C.project D.process53. A.accidentally B.finally C.carefully D.patiently54. A.slower B.swifter C.nervous D.anxious55. A.emotional B.moving C.typical D.continuous第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分13分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThehighprofileChinaLaosRailwayopenedtointernationalpassengersonThursday,showinghowtheBeltandRoadInitiative（BRI）isawinwinsituation.TheD887train,56（depart）fromKunming,Yunnanprovince,at8:08amandarrivedatVientiane,capitalofLaos,at6:38pm.ItisthefirstinternationalcrossborderpassengertrainservicethatChinahasputintooperationsincetheCOVID19pandemic."Theservicenotonly57（far）facilitatestheflowofpeopleandtradebetween:ChinaandLaos,58promotestherecoveryoftourismandother59（industry）,andbringsvitalitytothedevelopmentbetweenthesetwocountries."saidWangWenbin,spokesmanfortheMinistryofForeignAffairs,atanewsconferenceonThursday,"ItisamodelprojectofChinaandAssociationofSoutheastAsianNations（ASEAN）countriesworkingontheBRIandpromoting60（region）economicintegration."AccordingtoaWorldBankestimate,thegrossdomesticproductinLaoswillbeincreased6121percentasaresultoftheconstructionandoperationoftheChinaLaosRailway.62willalsocreatemorejobsforLaopeople.Thisyear63（mark）thetenthanniversaryoftheBRI.64（promote）theinitiative,ChinawillcontinuetocooperatewithASEANmembers,65（benefit）twobillionpeopleintheregion.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的朋友George想要了解中国舞狮（Lion