大学英语四级开头句结尾句中间段句子

开头段的常用核心句型归纳如下，可选择使用：

•Asopposedtogenerallyacceptedviews,Ibelievethat...

•Thearguermayberightabout...,butheseemsto

neglecttomentionthefactthat....

•Althoughitiscommonlyagreedthat.itisunlikelyto

betruethat....

•Thereisanelementoftruthinthisstatement,butitignores

adeeperandmorebasicfactthat....

•Inallthediscussionanddebateoveroneimportant

factisgenerallyoverlooked.

•Onthesurface(Atfirstthought),it(this)mayseem

asound(anattractive)suggestion(solution/idea),but

carefulweighingonthemind(oncloseranalysis/onsecond

thought),wefindthat...

•AlthoughmanypeoplebelievethatIwonderwhether

theargumentbearsmuchanalysis

•Thedanger(problem/fact/truth/point)isthat....

•IagreewiththeabovestatementbecauseIbelievethat....

•Thereisapubliccontroversyforthemomentoverthe

issueof...Thosewhoobjectto...arguethat....Butpeoplewho

favorontheotherhand,arguethat....

•Currently(Inrecentyears/Inthepastfewyears/For

i

manyyearsnow),therehasbeenawidespreadfeeling

towards...

•AsfarasIamconcerned,however,Ibelievethat....

•Nowitiscommonlyacknowledged)that...

ButIwonder(doubt)whether...

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结尾段

结尾段的写作方法：

•总结归纳

简要总结归纳文章要点，以便深化主题印象。如：

InconclusionIwouldliketosaythatchildrenneedtobe

understoodbutchildrenalsoneedtounderstandtheirparents.

Itisonlywhenparentsandchildrencometounderstandeach

otherthatwecansolveproblemseffectivelyandnarrowthe

generationgap.

分析：文章通过inconclusion引出对前面所作论述的归纳，

使主题更加明确。

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•重申主题

再次强调和确定文章开头阐述的中心思想。如:

Admittedly,sciencehascreatedatomicbombsand

producedpervasivepollution.Butithastransformedthe

livesofmillionsofpeople.Ithasmultipliedman'senergy,

hopes,ambitionsandunderstanding.Ithaselevatedand

willcontinuetoelevatemanintellectuallyandspiritually.

分析：文章对前文的观点进行了重复，使之更加鲜明。

・预测展望

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立足当前，放眼未来。如:

Sotosumup,weshouldofferourhelptoallwhoare

inneed.Weexpecttogetlovefromothersandwealso

givelovetoothers.Ibelievethattherelationshipbetween

peoplewillbeharmoniousandoursocietywillbeabetterplace

forustolivein.

分析：文章通过对未来积极的展望，说明了爱在生活中的重要性。

•提出建议

提出解决问题的途径、方法或呼吁人们采取相应的行动。

如：

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Astheissueplayssuchakeyroleinoursociety,sufficient

attentionshouldbepaidfromboththegovernmentandthe

public.Thegovernmentshouldmakesurethatthecensusiswell

carriedoutandthepeopleshouldbeactivelyinvolvedinthecensus.

分析：文章在结尾从政府和公众两个角度提出建议，以保证人口普查的顺利

进行。

•提出问题

提出具有发人深省的问题，从而突出中心思想。如:

Oldpeoplemaychoosetolivealoneforthemselvesand

evenembracethislivingpattern.Butinthedeeppartof

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theirhearts,theymustfeellonely.Theyneedtheir

childrentostaywith,totalkwith,andtakecareofthem.

Whycan'tyoungpeoplethinkofthedayswhentheyare

gettingold?

分析：文章最有用一个反问句“年轻人为什么不想想自己年老时的情

形”来提醒他们将心比心，设身处地，去关心父母双亲。

•引用格言

用格言、谚语或习语总括全文中心思想。如：

Manyyeasago,agreatphilosopherFrancisBaconremarked

that"Knowledge...ispower."Thiscannowbetranslated

intocontemporaryterms.Inoursocialsetting,"Knowledgeis

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change^^一andacceleratingknowledge-acquisition,fuelingthe

greatengineoftechnology,meansacceleratingchange.

分析：文章借用培根“知识就是力量”名言的结构，指出“知

识就是变化”以深化主题，给读者留下深刻的印象。

结尾段常用的核心句型：

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabovefromallevidence

offered,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat...

Alltheevidencesupportsanunshakableconclusion

that...

Itishightimethatweplacegreatemphasisonthe

improvementof...

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Itishightimethatweputanendtothedeep-seated

Situationof...

•Wemustsearchforanimmediateactionasthepresentsituation

ofifpermittedtocontinue,willsurelyleadto...

Thereisnoimmediateapproachtotheproblemof

but...mightbebeneficial.

•Noeasysolutioncanbeathandguaranteedtosolvetheproblem

ofbutthecommonrecognitionofthenecessityof...might

bethefirststeptowardschange.

Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethe

successinsolutionto...,butthepay-offwillbeworththeeffort.

Obviously,ifweignoretheproblem,thereisevery

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chancethat....

中间段

中间段的任务是依据开头段所交代的内容来阐述文章的论点，围

绕主题或论点展开讨论，或就具体要求进行描述和说明。

中间段是文章的正文，其作用是从不同的层面对文章主题进行具

体和详实的解释和论证。中间段篇幅一般比开头段和结尾段长，每段

有相应的主题句，包含定义、解释、描写等手法，说明主题思想的扩

展句采用实例、数据或个人经历等写作手段，当然不同种类的段落采

用不同的扩展手段。

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中间段有以下具体特点：

/所涉及内容应该准确、清楚，颇具说服力；

/段落中一定具备主题句；

,段落内容应该保持完整、统一，没有说明不足之处或多余冗长

的细节；

/内容顺序安排合理，逻辑性较强；

/段落之间连贯自然；

/段落中讨论的内容主次分明，材料比例适当；

/词与句型运用合理并且有变化。

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常用的中间段展开方法归纳如下：

•列举法

例如:

Eatingwildanimalsgivesrisetoalotofnegativeeffects.Inthe

firstplace,asmanywildanimalscarryparasites,whenweeatthem,

theparasitesenterourbodies,thuscausingalotofillnesses.The

severeacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)isacaseinpoint.Itwas

reportedthatthevirusderivedfroma“delicious“animalandthe

diseasehasclaimedthousandsoflivesthroughouttheworldand

broughtgreat_damagestopeople'sproperties.Inthesecondplace,

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sinceanimalsareanindispensablepartofourenvironment,the

extinctionofsomeanimalsmaydisturb_thenaturalbalance.Lastbut

nottheleastimportant,eatingwildanimalsiscruel.Afterall,wild

animalsareourclosefriends.

分析：文章禾Ll用Inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,Lastbutnotthe

leaseimportant列举了吃野生动物所带来的危害。

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•比较对比法

例：

Peoplewhobelieveinthebeneficialsidemayhavesome

argumentsasfollows.Tobeginwith,fannerscanearnmoremoney

byworkinginthecities.Mostofthemwillsendpartoftheirincome

backhometohelptheirfamilies.What'smore,thesefarmerswill

helpdevelopthecitiesinmanyways.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,

mostoftheconstructionprojectsinbigcitiesareactuallydoneby

farmers.

Bycontrast,somepeoplearguethatfarmermigrationmaygive

risetoaseriesofnegativeeffects.Theyworrythatmuchlandwillbe

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desertedinthecountry.Inaddition,itisalsobelievedthatrising

crimesincitiesarepartlyrelatedtothismigration.

分析：文章利用Bycontrast对农民工迁移到城市这一现象所带

来益处与弊端进行了对比分析。

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•因果法

例：

ThehamburgeristhemostpopularfooditemintheUnitedStates.

EveryyearAmericansconsumebillionsofthem.Theyaresoldin

expensiverestaurantsandinhumblediners.Theyarecookedathome

onthekitchenstoveoroverabarbecuegrillinthebackyard.Whyare

theysopopular?

First,ahamburgerisextremelyeasytoprepare.Itisnothingmore

thanapieceofgroundbeef,cookedforafewminutes.Thenitis

placedinaslicedbun.Nothingcouldbesimpler.Evenanunskilled

cookcanturnouthundredsoftheminanhour.Besidesthat,the

simplehamburgercanbevariedinmanyways.Youcanmeltsome

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cheeseontopofthebeeftocreateacheeseburger.Youcanalsoadd

somegrilledbaconforaninterestingflavorcontrast.Inaddition,you

cangarnishthehamburgerwithotherthingssuchaslettuce,tomato,

onion,mushrooms,avocado,pickles,hotpepper,ketchup,relish,

mayonnaise,mustardorwhateveryouwish!

分析：文章先在第一段的结尾用问句提出汉堡为什么这么受欢

迎，紧接着下一段以原因列举展开。

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・例证法

例：

Takemyneighborasanexample.Therearethreemembersin

theirfamilyandthetwoadultswerelaidofflastyear.Theonlychild

willhavetodropoutofschoolnextsemester.Inordertohelpthem,I

donatedallmymoney-300Yuantopaythetuition.AndIplanto

callonotherstodonatemoremoney.ThoughIcannotdoalot,Ihave

givenlovewhichislikealampinadarkplacewherelightismost

needed.

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分析：文中以我帮助邻家孩子的事情为例说明了展示爱的方

式，并在段落结束时重申了论点。

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•发展过程法

例：

Tobuildyourownsunscope,getacartonandcutaholeinone

side,bigenoughtopokeyourheadthrough.Pastewhitepaperonthe

interiorsurfacethatyouwillbefacing.Thenpunchapinholeintothe

oppositesidehighenoughsothatthelittleshaftoflightwillmiss

yourhead.Forasharperimageyoucanmakeabetterpinholeby

cuttingaone-inchsquareholeinthecarton,tapingapieceof

aluminumfoiloverthishole,andthenmakingthepin-holeinthefoil.

Finally,tapetheboxshutandcoveralllightleakswithblacktape.

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分析：文章利用Then,andthen,finally层层展开，说明了制作

sunscope的方法。

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•定义法

例：

Diligenceisthekeytosuccess.Itmeanspersistentworkanddoes

notmeanthatwearetoexertourselvesalldayandnightwithoutrest,

withoutfoodandwithoutsleep.Thetruemeaningofdiligenceisthe

carefuluseoftimeforthepurposeofimprovement,ortowork

persistentlywithoutanywasteoftime.

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分析：本段用means对Diligence进行了定义说明，使之更具

体，更容易被理解。

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•分类法

例：

Nowadaysthenewsmediamainlyconsistsofradio,televisionand

newspapers.Eachtypehasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages.

Newspapersaretheoldestformforcommunicatingthenews.

Todaymanypeoplestillbegintheirdaybyreadingthemorningpaper

whilehavingbreakfast,andendtheirdaybyreadingtheevening

paperwhilehavingdinner.

Theinventionoftheradiohashadatremendousinfluenceonthe

world.Itisabletobringup-to-minutenewstodistantplacesina

matterofseconds.Thusthedevelopmentoftheradiohasmadethe

worldasmallerplace.

Televisionisthemostrecentlydevelopeddevicefor

communication.Itallowsustoseeaswellastohearthenews.The

factthatitenablespeopletoseevisualimageshashadaconsiderable

effectonourperceptionsofworldevent.

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分析：文章对报纸、收音机和电视三类新闻媒介分开进行说明,

指出了每种的特点，使读者一目了然。

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中间段常用的核心句型：

。Althoughthepopularbeliefisthatacurrent(new/

recent)study(survey/poll/investigation)indicates

(shows/demonstrates)that....

令Commonsensetellsusthat....

。Theincrease(change/failure/success)in...mainly

(largely/partly)resultsfrom(arisesfrom/isbecause

of)....

。Theincrease(change/failure/success)in...isdueto

(owingto/attributableto)thefactthat....

令Manypeoplewouldclaimthat....

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。Onemayattribute(ascribe/owe)theincrease(decrease

/change)tobut...isnotbyitselfanadequate

explanation.

令Oneofthereasonsgivenfor...isthat...

令Whatisalsoworthnoticingisthat...

令Therearemany(different/several/anumberof/avariety

of)causes(reasons)forthisdramatic(marked/

significant)growth(change/decline/increase)in...

令Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat...

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。Whyare(is/do/did)...?Foronething...

Foranother

。AnotherreasonwhyIdisputetheabovestatementisthat....

。Itgivesriseto(leadto/bring/create)ahostofproblems

(consequences).

。TherearenumerousreasonswhyandIshallhereexplore

onlyafewofthemostimportantones.

。Itwillexert(have/produce)profound(far-reaching/

remarkable/considerable/beneficial/favorable/

undesirable/disastrous)effect(influence)on....

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令Amultitudeoffactorscouldaccountfor(contributeto/

leadto/resultin/influence)thechange(increase/decrease

/success/failure/development)in....

。In2000,itincreased(rose/jumped/shotup)from5to10

percentofthetotal(to15percent/by15percent).

。Bycomparisonwith2002,itdecreased(dropped/fell)

from10to5percent(to15percent/by15percent).

令Itaccountsfor15percentofthetotal.

令Therewere100trafficaccidentsinApril,anincreaseof5

percentinafive-monthperiod.

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。By2002,only(lessthan/morethan/almost/about/over/

asmanyas)threequarters(40percentof/oneoutoffive/

oneinfour)collegepopulation(graduates/housewives)

asagainst(ascomparedwith)lastyear(2002)preferred

to(liked)....

。Withthedevelopment(improvement/rise/growth/general

recognition/acknowledgement/realization)ofvast

changesawaitsthiscountry'ssociety.

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