Grammar选修六第二单元语法市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

课标人教试验版高二Module6Unit21/59SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气2/591.英语动词有三种语气,陈说语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义:用来表示说话不是事实,或者是不可能发生情况,而是一个愿望,提议,假设语气叫虚拟语气。3/593.在条件句中应用条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示是假设或实际可能性不大情况,故采取虚拟语气。4/591).真实条件句

真实条件句用于陈说语气,假设情况可能发生,其中if是假如意思。5/592).非真实条件句非真实条件句用语虚拟语气,假设情况不可能发生,或者可能性很小,其中if是“要是、假如”意思。即:“要是……就好了”;“假如……,……就会……”6/591.IfI

had

enough

money,I

would

travel

around

the

world.2.IfI

were

you,I

wouldgive

AIDS

patientahug.与现在事实相反7/593.If

I

hadtaken

your

advice,I

wouldn’thavemade

amistake.4.Ifhe

hadbeen

there,it

wouldn’thavehappened.与过去事实相反8/595.Ifit

shouldrain

tomorrow,they

wouldn’t

go

foranouting.6.Ithinkwe

coulddo

it,ifwe

planed

itproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifwe

weretohave

threedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.与未来事实相反9/593)Themeaningofthesentenceofsubjunctivemood.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.含义:Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.10/59Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress.含义:Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress.11/59条件从句If从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在过去未来V.+ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中使用方法。12/59二.虚拟语气特殊句型:1.wish宾语从句现在:过去时（were）过去:过去完成时未来:would/could/might+V.should13/591.IwishIwereabird.(现在)2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(过去)3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(未来)14/59IwishI

were

astallasyou.我希望和你一样高。Hewishedhe

hadn’tsaid

that.他希望他没讲那样话。Iwishit

wouldrain

tomorrow.我希望明天下雨就好了。15/592)wishtodo表示法

wishsb./sth.todoIwishtoseethemanager.=Iwanttoseethemanager.Iwishthemanagertobeinformedatonce.=Iwantthemanagertobeinformedatonce.16/592.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时17/593.asif/though+Clause现在：过去：过去时过去完成时Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.18/59Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Helooksasifheweredrunk.19/594.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时should+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.20/59我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.21/595.表示要求,命令,提议虚拟语气。宾语从句中常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个提议,四个要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire22/59这些动词后面宾语从句要使用虚拟语气使用方法。即从句中动词使用should+动词原形,或者将should省略。23/59我们提议Tom去休息一下。WesuggestedthatTom

have

arest.他果断要求我到场。HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.24/59国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.25/59Isuggestthatwe

(should)hold

ameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe

(should)be

sentthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示“提议”或“坚持要某人做某事时”,即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈说语气。26/591.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent27/593.Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.havewas28/59以上动词对应名词组成名词性从句包含主语从句,表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气,从句中动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire29/59It’ssuggestedthattheplan

becarriedout.Mydemandisthatshe

shouldcome

toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory

shouldbe

closeddown.30/596.without和butfor组成虚拟。butfor要不是Without

sunlight,people’slife

wouldbe

differentfromtoday.Butfor

yourhelp,I

wouldn’thave

finishedthework.Without

yourhelp,I

wouldhave

failed.Butfor

water,it

wouldbe

impossibletoliveinthedesert.31/597.Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyI

knew

hisname!Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!要是我们父母能和我们住在一起就好了!Ifonlyourparents

couldlivewith

us!要是我没错过火车就好了！IfonlyI

hadn’tmissed

thetrain!32/598.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that---Clause

从句中动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.33/599.一些简单句固定句型:Heaven

help

him!God

bless

you!

May

yousucceed!

LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!34/5910.need“无须做”和“本不该做”

didn’tneedtodo表示:过去无须做某事,实际上也没做。

needn’thavedone表示:过去无须做某事,但实际上做了。35/59约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她无须步行回家了。JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,soshedidn'tneedto

walkbackhome.36/59约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她本无须步行回家了。(Mary步行回家,没有遇上John车。)JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,sosheneedn'thavewalkedbackhome.37/59Therewasplentyoftime.She____.

A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.needn'thavehurried经典例题38/59答案D。needn’thavedone.意为“本无须”,即已经做了某事,而实际上无须要。mustn’thavedone使用方法不正确,对过去发生事情进行否定性推断应为couldn’thavedone,“不可能已经”。mustnotdo不能够(用于普通现在时)39/59三.虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点:1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生时间与主句所假设谓语动词不一致,叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句谓语动词要依照假设时间而定。40/59Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.41/592.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词能够把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.42/59IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?43/593.谓语动词以should+havedone形式出现时候,表示过去应该做而没有做事情,从而表示一个责备语气。e.g.1)You

shouldhavefinished

yourhomeworkyesterday.

2)You

shouldhavecome

herefiveminutesearlier.3)He

shouldhavetold

meaboutitearlier.44/59注意：

在虚拟语气从句中,动词be过去时态一律用were,不用was,即在从句中be用were代替。45/59IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.假如我是你,就会去找他。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.假如他在这儿,一切都会好。46/59_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.

A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI经典例题47/59答案C.注意:在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词倒装形式句首不能用动词缩略形式。如我们可说WereInottodo,而不能说Weren’tItodo.48/59ExercisesI1.You___tothemeetingyesterday.Whatwasthereasonforyourabsence?A.hadcome B.cameC.wouldhavecome D.shouldhavecome2.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI___.”A.had B.did C.have D.will49/593.Hereissomemoneyincaseyou___it.A.needsB.needC.neededD.willneed4.Hedemandedthattheclassroom___atonce.A.shouldclean B.cleanC.shouldhavebeencleanedD.becleaned50/595.Butforyourcarelessness,we___.A.shouldhavesucceededB.hadsucceededC.wouldhavesucceededD.succeeded51/596.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____.

A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.werebroken

D.hadbeenbroken7.Jane’sfacesuggestedthatshe_____ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_____amedicalexamination.

A.be;shouldhaveB.was;have

C.shouldbe;had

D.was;has52/598.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.

A.shouldbe

B.wouldbe

C.havebeen

D.hadbeen

9.IwishI_____themeetinglastweek.

A.couldattendB.attended

C.haveattendedD.couldhaveattended53/5910.Mysuggestionisthatwe____thesportsmet.

A.wouldputoff

B.shouldputoff

C.puttedoff

D.beputoff

11.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_____cleaner.

A.shouldbemade

B.ismade

C.wouldbemade

D.wasmade54/5912.Don’tcomethisafternoon.I’dratheryou_____tomorrow.

A.come

B.tocome

C.came

D.willcome

13.Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment_____before6.

A.wasfinished

B.willfinish

C.befinished

D.shallbefinished55/59II.依据括号内提醒将以下句子补充完整。1.HadInotseenitwithmyowneyes,I________