考研英语-试卷81-真题无答案

考研英语-试卷81(总分142,做题时间90分钟)1.UseofEnglishSectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD.Itwasafoolishquestiontoask.It(1)_____moresenseformetohavelearnedifshehad(2)_____orapointofview,butitwas(3)_____forthatnowandIsupposedthatthe(4)_____RelationsOfficehad(5)_____herbeforegrantingtheinterview.Ididn"thavetimethisweektoread(6)_____piecesaboutcorporaterainmakers,andtheirgoldenparachutesorwomenatmid-townlawfirms(7)_____sixtimesmysalarybutwhiningaboutbreakingthe(8)_____ceiling."Iwon"twasteyourtime,"she(9)_____,"Ifthedetailsonyour(10)_____areaccurateandthearticlesLaura(11)_____mehavecorrectbackground,wewon"thaveto(12)_____that."I(13)_____inapproval.Shewasobviouslya(14)_____,andanintelligentone(15)_____.Itwasalways(16)_____tositfora(17)_____whenthequestionerspentthefirsthouraskingwhatschoolsIhad(18)_____,howlong(19)_____,andwhetherIlikedmyjob."Isitallright(20)_____youifwestartwithsomeinformationabouttheSexCrimesProsecutionUnit"?"I"dlikethat."Ireplied.1.

A

madeB

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asongtosingD

anaxetogrind3.

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solateD

past4.

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FinancialC

LocalD

Public5.

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connectedwithD

contactedwith6.

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windyC

puffD

blowing7.

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takingB

makingC

slavingforD

losing8.

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fragileD

limited9.

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rambledB

curdedonC

lecturedD

wenton10.

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applicationB

curriculumvitaeC

reportD

folder11.

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phonedB

faxedC

hadphonedD

hadfaxed12.

A

re-paintB

remixC

re-writeD

rehash13.

A

trembledB

grimacedC

smiledD

winked14.

A

girlB

pmC

tyroD

mogul15.

A

atthatB

atthisC

torebootD

added16.

A

agreeableB

instructiveC

impatientD

aggravating17.

A

photoB

portraitC

profileD

sketch18.

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attendedB

matriculatedC

enrolledD

preferred19.

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with2.ReadingComprehensionSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.RetailersarelookingatbiggersalesnumbersfordigitaltelevisionsetsthisChristmasseason,boostingthespiritsoffederalregulatorsandtheindustry.GovernmentandindustryanalystsalikehaveworriedthatthisnationofTVviewersisshiftingitsgazetooslowlytodigitalfromold-fashionedanalogsets.Yetalmost7milliondigitaltelevision,orDTV,setswillbesoldthisyear,accordingtotheConsumerElectronicsAssociation,atradegroupformanufacturersandretailers.Roughly3millionofthesesetswillbesoldduringthelastthreemonthsoftheyear.Independentgroupsalsopredictabigsalesspike.HomesintheUnitedStateswillhave12.1millionhigh-definitionorHDTVsets—themostsophisticatedformofDTVsets—bytheendoftheyear,comparedwith7millionattheendof2003,accordingtotheYankeeGroup,aBostontechnologyresearchoutfit.HDTVshaveaccountedforthevastmajorityofabout13milliondigitaltelevisionssoldsincethefallof1998."Thenumbersareveryencouraging.Webelieveconsumersareembracingthistechnology,"saysJennyMiller,theConsumerElectronicsAssociation"sspokeswoman.AboostinsalesofdigitaltelevisionswillbewelcomenewsformajorretailersanxiouslywatchingtheChristmasshoppingseasonthatbeganyesterday.Manynationalretailersluredcustomersintotheirstoreswithextra-earlyhoursanddeepdiscounts.DTVsetsstillsellbehindtraditionalanalogsets.Almost22millionanalogsetsareexpectedtobesoldthisyear,outpacingeventherosiestpredictionsforDTVsales.Untilrecently,consumerswhowantedtobuyDTVexperiencedstickershock.Whenthesetsfirstreachedthemarketinthelate1990s,theycostseveralthousanddollars,turningoffmanyconsumers.Now,pricesforbasicDTVsetsgenerallystartatabout$500.HDTVsetsofferthebest-qualitypictureandsoundandcancostasmuchas$15,000,accordingtoConsumerReports,publishedbythenonprofitConsumersUnionadvocacygroup."You"retalkingaboutacoupleofhundreddollarsattheveryleast,unlessyougoforaflatpanelorplasmascreen,inwhichcaseyou"retalkingthousandsofdollars,"saysAdityaKishore,senioranalystfortheYankeeGroup.Inadditiontofallingprices,analystscreditthesalesboostforDTVtoanincreaseinthenumberofprogramsbroadcastin**patible"highdefinition"aswellasagovernment-ledconsumereducationcampaign.1.

Fromthebeginningofthetext,wecanlearnthatA

thecountryhaspopularlyaccepteddigitalTVs.B

theretailershaveabadsaleofDTVsexceptChristmas.C

theviewersstillpaymoremoneyonold-fashionedTVsets.D

thegovernmentandindustryareupsetbythepresentmarketsituationofDTVs.2.

Speakingofthenumberofdigitaltelevisionssoldin2003,theauthorimpliesthatA

the**plicatedTVsetsare,themoretheyaresold.B

mostofthehomeshaveboughtdifferentkindsofDTVs.C

theproducersfeelverydiscouragedtoseethesenumbersaboutDTVs"sales.D

theconsumersaremoreandmoreinterestedinDTVs.3.

ThemostimportantreasonwhyDTVsselllessthantraditionalsetsisthatA

peoplearereluctanttoabandontheiroldTVsets.B

thetraditionalsetsaremuchcheaperthanDTVs.C

theDTVretailersalwaysclosetheirdoorsatanearlytime.D

peoplehavebeenusedtowatchingtraditionalanalogTVs.4.

WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheboostofDTVsalesisNOTduetoA

theimprovementoftheirqualities.B

thefallingpricesofDTVs.C

**patibleprogramsignals.D

thegovernment"spromotingmeasures.5.

ThepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextistoA

criticizetheconsumersfornotpayingmuchattentiontoDTVs.B

illustratetherapiddevelopmentofUSTVtechnology.C

showthepresentsituationandvastmarketpotentialsofDTVs.D

comparethedifferencesbetweentraditionalanalogsetsandDTVs.Breakfastisindispensable.Notonlydoesitprovideessentialearly-morningnourishmenttopeopleofallagesthroughouttheweek,it"salsobecomingmoreandmoretrendyforbothbusinessmeetingsandsocialgatherings.Anytimefamiliesandfriendswanttogettogetherinarelaxedsetting,theyconsiderbreakfast.Why?Becausethemealhasauniversalappealtoallagesandallpocketbooks.Low-carbdietsalsohavebroughtonce-forbiddenbreakfastfoodsbackintofavor.Eggconsumptionhasrisensteadilyinrecentyears."In1993,itwas234.6percapita;in2003,thefigurewas254.1,"saysLindaBraun,directorofconsumereducationfortheAmericanEggBoard.MissBraunattributessomeofthistodietarytrendsbutsaysa**pellingreasonisthateggsoffersomenewlyidentifiedbenefits."Theyolksarerichincholine,anutrientthatshowspromiseinearlystudiesforpreventingmemorylossinlaterlife,andlutein,knowntocombatage-relatedmaculardegenerationandcataracts,"shesays.Whatevertherationale,steakandeggsandabarnyardfullofothereggdishesfromfrittatastohuevosrancherosarebeingdevouredwithgusto.Athome,omeletsandtoasthavealwaysbeenpopular,intheweekhoursafteranightonthetownorwhenyou"realoneandwanttocurlupwith**fortfood,ablanket,andagoodbook.Inrestaurants,themealoncewasprettymuchoverby10a.m.Today,that"snolongertrue.Withchanginglifestyles,peopleareenjoyingbreakfastfareatallhoursofthedayandevening,too.NumerousrestaurantsacrossAmerica,includingthemostfashionableeateries,servetraditionalmorningfoodswellpastnoon.AttheStamford,Conn.,CityLimitsDiner,oneofthreedinersbythisnameinthearea,managerMargaretCallanansaysthatwithinthepastfewyears,breakfastbusinessprobablyhasdoubled."Thefirstsegmenttoarriveinmorningarethe"suits",competitivelawyersandbusinessmenwhousethehourtotreatclientslikeguestsratherthanservingthembagelsintheiroffice,"shesays.Typicalofmanydiners,CityLimitsoffersanenormousmenu.Alongwithwafflesandpancakes,itservesrefineddishesthataresurprisingataplaceinthiscategory.AgreatfavoriteisMaryland-lump-crab-and-lobstercakeBenedict.(IfyouleaveouttheEnglishmuffin,the**binationisevenlow-carb-friendly.)Themostpopularitemisthecountrybreakfast.Itincludeseggs,house-madehashbrownpotatoes,sausage,baconandham,plusmultigraintoastfrombreadbakedonthepremises.At$7,itisabargain.6.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonthatbreakfastisessential?A

Peoplecanobtainvariouskindsofnurtureatbreakfast.B

Breakfastisappealingtopeopleofallages.C

Thereisnoothertimeforpeopletostaytogetherexceptbreakfasttime.D

Itisnowatendencyforbusinessandsocialassemblytohavebreakfastsimultaneously.7.

Speakingoftherisingeggconsumption,theauthorimpliesthedominantfactoraccountingforthisisthatA

theeggsaremuchcheaperthanbefore.B

manypeoplewereforbiddentoeateggsinthepastyears.C

theeggscontainmuchlowercarbthanotherfood.D

therearemanyrecentlyrecognizedprofitseggscanprovide.8.

Theword"gusto"(Paragraph5)mayprobablymeanA

enjoyment.B

savor.C

interest.D

satisfaction.9.

WecaninferfromthetextthatA

therestaurantswouldliketoprovidebreakfastratherthanothermeals.B

nowadayspeoplepreferthebreakfastwithhigh-qualityandwell-preparedingredients.C

mostofthedinersarealwaysusedtofinishingtheirbreakfastafter10a.m..D

CityLimitsoffersagreatdealofdeliciousfoodwithhighcarb.10.

TheauthorappearstobeveryapprobatorythatA

thereshouldbemoreeggsonbreakfasttable.B

peopleshouldspendmoretimeonbreakfast.C

thebreakfastshouldconsistofmuchmorekindsoffood.D

thebreakfastshouldcontainmuchmorenourishment.TheUSdollarreachedanall-timelowagainsttheeuroyesterdayforthefourthstraightday,brieflypushingtheEuropeancurrencyabove$1.33beforerecoveringslightly,amidconcernsaboutthetwinUSdeficitsandthelackofanycentralbankactiontostopthedollar"sdecline.Thedollaralsodippedtoanearlyfive-yearlowagainsttheyen,butlaterregainedground.Yesterday,theeuroroseto$1.3329inearlytradingbeforedippingbackto$1.3290laterinNewYork.Theeurotopped$1.32forthefirsttimethedaybeforeinEuropeantrading.USmarketswereclosedThursdayfortheThanksgivingholiday.ThedollaralsotradednearitslowestlevelssinceDecember1999againsttheJapaneseyenyesterday,slippingto102.56yen,downfrom102.81lateWednesdayinNewYork.Onereasontheeurohaskeptrisingisalackofconcertedactionbycentralbankstosupportthedollarbysellingholdingsoftheothermajorcurrencies."$1.35isdefinitelyonthecardsnow,asforhowsoonwe"llgetthere,I"mnotsure,"saidRizDin,acurrencyanalystwithBarclay"sCapitalinLondon."Itincreasinglylooksasif,despiteweakerdataintheeuroarea,theprospectsforintervention,arevery,verylowatcurrentrates."Thelatestdollarcollapse,fueledbyconcernsovertheUStradeandbudgetdeficits,hastakentheeurofromaround$1.20abouttwomonthsago.Becausetheeuro"srisetendstomakeEuropeanproductsmoreexpensive,Europeanleadershavevoicedfearsthatitmighthurtthecontinent"sexport-driveneconomicrecovery.TheEuropeanCentralBank"spresidenthascalledtherapidincrease"brutal".Butthedollar"sweaknessisgoodnewsforUSexporters,helpingmakeAmericanproductslessexpensiveoverseas.CommerzbankeconomistMichaelSchubertsaidspeculationagainstthedollarwasmakingitsslide"abitfasterthanIhadexpected"."Obviously,it"sdifficulttostopthetrain,"Mr.SchubertsaidinFrankfurt.AcombinationofinterventionbycentralbanksandpositiveUSeconomicdatacouldapplythebrakes,headded.EconomistssaytheEuropeanCentralBank(ECB)iswaryofinterveninginthecurrencymarketsonitsownandtheUnitedStatesWouldbeunlikelytojoininsuchamove.11.

Accordingtothetext,thedollarA

hasreacheditslowestlevelagainsteuroyesterday.B

waslowerthaneurointhepastfourcontinuousdays.C

isstillstayinginaworsepositionthantheyen.D

keptfailingdespitethecentralbank"sadoptionofactivemeasures.12.

ThefactorNOTaccountingfortheslideofdollarisA

theUStradeandbudgetdeficits.B

thelackofanycentralbankaction.C

thespeculationagainstthedollar.D

thesalesofothermajorcurrencies.13.

EuropeanleadersprimarilyfearthatA

Europeanproductsaremoreexpensive.B

theeuro"srisehurtsEuropeaneconomicrecovery.C

USexportscheapergoodstothem.D

ECBcutsinterestratestosupportEuropeangrowth.14.

TheattitudeofeconomiststowardtheprospectofdollaragainsteuroisA

pessimistic,B

cheerful.C

unhappy.D

optimistic.15.

ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatA

theeurowillstopatahighlevelallalong.B

thereisnowayforUStobrakethefallingofdollar.C

ECBisverycautiousintakingmeasurestointerveneinthecurrencymarket.D

USFederalReservewouldhelpECBbyshowingpositiveeconomicdataopenly.MountingfinancialandlegalwoesaregivingMerckaprescription-strengthheadache.WithChiefExecutiveOfficerRayGilmartintestifyingonCapitolHillaboutwhatMerckknewaboutVioxxandwhen,itiseasytooverlookthedruggiant"songoingeffortstotreatandcuredisease.Beforeitsstockpricesagged40percentandbothlitigatorsandregulatorsbegancirclingoverhead,Merckinvitedseveraljournaliststoits415-acreresearchanddevelopmentcenter30milesfromPhiladelphia.Asotherpharmaceuticalinvestigatorscanattest,Merck"s10,000scientistsandsupportpersonnelherehelpexplainwhynewdrugsoftencostsomuch.Standinginthemiddleofhis$4millionlab,Dr.GrahamSmithpointstoanLCMSMassSpectrometerthatatomizes**poundsandevaluatesthemforhealingproperties."Ofthe1,200moleculestestedherelastyear,"Dr.Smithsays,"eightwentontothenextstep.Andnotallofthosewillgoontobecomedrugs."Dr.Smithandhisteamofanalyticchemistsfailsteadily,onaverage,for6weeksbeforediscoveringapotentialtherapy.Another32daysusuallypassbeforethathappensagain.Merckisnotaloneinthrowingmostofitsdartsstraightintothefloor.AccordingtoJohnT.Kelly,M.D.,oftheWashington-basedPharmaceuticalResearchandManufacturersofAmerica,"Only5in5,000compoundsthatenterpreclinicaltestingmakeittohumantesting.Andonly1ofthese5testedinpeopleisapprovedforsale.CitingTuftsUniversitydata,Dr.Kellyadded:"Onaverage,itcostsacompany$802milliontogetonenewmedicinefromthelaboratorytoUSpatients.Thisprocessnormallytakes10to15years."EliavBart,M.D.,Merck"sseniordirectorforclinicalresearch,worksonavaccinetopreventtheHumanPapillomavirus.Soonerorlater,HPVafflicts50to75percentofsexuallyactiveadults.HPVcausesgenitalwarts,aswellascancersofthecervix,vulvaandanus.Sofar,testshavefoundthevaccine100percenteffectiveagainstHPV16,oneofthevirus"particularlymenacingstrains.Noneof**escheap,either."SeveralhundredpeopleareworkingonthisexclusivelyaroundtheworldforMerck,"Dr.Barrsays.Consequently,**panyhasbuiltclinicsinIceland,PeruandThailand."Merckputequipmentin,andwe"llleaveitin,"Dr.Barrsays.Thiswillprovideasteadystreamofscientificdataforobstetriciansandgynecologists.Merckalsohasbuilta$100millionstructurespecificallytomanufacturetheHPVvaccine.Ifapproved,thedrug"spricewillreflect,inpart,thishugeup-frontinvestment.ButifitfailstosecureFoodandDrugAdministrationapproval,Merckwillbetheproudownerofagleaming,$100millionwhiteelephant.ThissunkcostwillhavetobespreadacrosstherestofMerck"sproductline.Alternatively,thismoneycouldbesubtractedfromshareholderdividends,employeesalaries,ornewresearchanddevelopment.Thesearelamelongtermstrategies.That,andmore,addsup.Thevaccineagainstthisailmentisfor**paniestoteachAmericans-startingwithWashington"sbipartisanpoliticalclass—asimplebutviraltruth:Thoselittlepillsdonotinventthemselves.16.

WhatDr.SmithsaysinthethirdparagraphindicatesthatA

therearemanymoleculesthatneedtobetested.B

itwilltakealongtimetoinventanewdrug.C

scientistsalwayswastetimeindiscoveringaneffectivecure.D

researchersaretoocautiousof**poundstogoaheadfaster.17.

ItcanbeconcludedfromthetextthatA

thereare50to75percentofadultsafflictedbyHPV.B

itwilltakealongtimetoinventanewdrug.C

theinvestmentontheHPVvaccinewillbedefinitelyrecalled.D

MerckthrewlargemanpowerandmoneyinHPVresearch.18.

Theterm"sunkcost"(Paragraph9)mayprobablymeanthatA

Merck"sinvestmentwillbejustatotalfailurewithoutFDA"sapproval.B

therehasbeentoomuchmoneylostinthevaccineresearchagainstHPV.C

it"simpossibleforMercktorecoupitscostsfromthemarket.D

themoneythrownintheresearchwillbetakenbackfromtheshareholders.19.

Inthetext,thevaccineresearchagainstHPVshowsthatA

the**paniescanhardlymakeprofitsfromnewdrugs.B

itisverywastefultoinvestsomuchmoneyinanewdrug.C

theinnovationandhighpricesarealwaysconnected.D

Americansshouldpaymoreattentiontothoselittlepills.20.

ThebesttitleforthistextmightbeA

HowtoMakeNewDrugs.B

TheQuickestWaytoTestNewDrugs.C

WhyNewDrugsCostsoMuch.D

CriticismofExpensiveNewDrugs.PartBYouaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutsellingyourownproductviathenetChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistforeachnumberedparagraph;Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse.A.DesignyouwebpageB.Priceyourproduct/serviceC.ContactyourfamiliarpeopleD.PerformasurveyE.MarketyourproductonlineF.FindyourownproductIfthereisonethingIhavelearnedtryingtomakemoneyonline,itisthis:youwillsucceedifyouhaveyourownuniqueproduct.Thismightbeyourowne-bookorevenatangibleproductthatyouthinkmightsellwellontheInternet.Asyouprobablyknow,informationiswhatsellsbestonline.DoYOUhaveuniqueinformationoraveryspecificareaofexpertise?Evenifyouanswer"yes",youmustalsoaskyourself:Isthereanonlinemarketformyproduct/service?Otherwise,youmaybeputtingforthalotoftime,money,andeffortforlittlegain.Let"staketheseoneatatime:(41)______.Ihadahardtimewiththisone;Iwasnotreallyexpertatanything.Tome,an"expert"isapersonwhoknowsasubjectsowellthathecanteachorpublishabookonthesubject.Therearemanysocalled"marketinggurus"ontheInternet.MostoftheseguyswerejustluckytohavetheforesighttoseetheInternetasaplacewheretheycouldsellproducts.IwishIhadstartedbackin1995or1996.Youwillnoticethatmostofthe"big"namesinonlinemarketingstartedbackthen.Timingiseverything.Askyourself:whatdoyouknowbetterthananyoneelse?Whatcanyouofferonlinethatwouldbeofvaluetoaspecificgroupofcustomers?Canyoumakethingswithyourhandsorwithtools?Canyouwritewell?Whatdidyoudointheofflineworld?CananyofthisexpertisebetranslatedtotheInternet?Asmentionedabove,informationisthebest-sellingonlineitemtoday.Itwillprobablyremainthiswayfortheforeseeablefuture.(42)______.Hopefully,youalreadyhavenewslettersubscribersorsomesortofopt-inlist.Ifso,youcansimplysendasurveytoeachoneofthem.Makeitverysimple,justyesornoanswers.Ideally,justhavethembeabletoclickononelinkfor"yes",andanotherlinkfor"no".Trynottoaskmorethanfivequestions.Keepyourlanguagesimple.AlotofmynewslettersubscribersarenotfromtheUnitedStates.Ifyouarejuststartingout,youmayhavetofindanE-zinethatrelatestoyourproductorservice.Ifyouarelucky,youwillgetenoughresponsestocometoalogicalconclusion.Youneedatleast25(thisisveryminimum).Ifyoudon"tgetatleastthismany,tryanotherE-zine.Onceyouhaveallyourresponsestogether,throwoutanywidelydivergentanswers.(43)______.Ifyouaskhowmuchpeoplewouldbewillingtopayforyourproducts,andmostanswerintherangeof$50～$60,thenthisisarangeyoucantrust.Youmustthrowoutthetwoguyswillingtopay$80and$100,aswellasthethreepersonswhowouldonlypay$25,$30,and$35.Withthesefivedivergentopinions,Iamassumingyouhaveatleast20personswillingtopay$50～$60foryourproduct/service.(44)______.Nowit"stimetothinkaboutyourwebpagedesign.Ifyouarenotartisticatall,Iwouldurgeyoutohireareasonablypricedwebsitedesigner.Thesaying"firstimpressionsareimportant"isevenmoreimportantontheInternet.Myownsiteshavebeenveryplainandunexciting,andhadthat"home-made"lookaboutthem.Doyourselfafavorandhireaprofessionalwhenyouareready.(45)______.Thinkhowbesttodothis.It"snotjustsearchengines.LookforspecificE-zineswhosesubscribersmightbeinterestedinyourproducts.Forexample,ifyouareofferingdollhousesforsale(thatyoumake),advertiseindollhouseE-zinesanddollhousewebsites.Youwillfindyourmost"likelytobuy"customersintheseplaces.Andofcourse,differentpeoplehavedifferentwaystodobusiness.AlloftheabovearejustmysuggestionsresultingfrommyownexperienceandIhopeyoucangetsomethingusefulfromthem.Atlastwishallofyouronlinebusinessmakesatisfyingprogressandgoonsmoothlyasyouexpected.21.

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PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Today,therearetwoapproachestohowAmericansperceivethemselves.(46)"Youcanconsideryourselfvaluablenomatterwhatpeoplethinkofyou,butthat"sverydifficultbecausewearesocialcreaturesandCarewhatothersthinkofus—soweimproveouroutwardappearancebecausethat"sreallyallwehave.Wegetourownself-imagefromthewayinwhichotherpeopleviewus."Americansnowhaveadifferentideaofhappinessthandidtheir18th-centurypredecessors,saysNancyPearcey,authorof"TotalTruth:LiberatingChristianityfromitsCulturalCaptivity".(47)"WhentheFounderstalkedabout"thepursuitofhappiness",theywereusingthattermintheclassicaldefinition,inwhichitwasthoughttobetheresultofvirtue.Happinesswassomethingattainedlateinlife,ifata