《高三高考语法复习虚拟语气》.ppt

1、虚拟语气,Definition,The fish is not alive without water.,虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。,1. 虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood,退一步 海阔天空,even if/ though, wish, if only等从句的虚拟与它相同。,if引导的虚拟条件句,If + 主

2、+ did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形,If I were you, I would try it again.,1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。,2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.,与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）,If he had worked hard, he would have passed t

3、he examination.,1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。,与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语),If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.,1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.,If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/ could/might +动词原形,If you _tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office.,A. should come;

4、would B. would come; will C. will come; should D. comes; might,If the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.,A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived,If he _he _that food.,Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.,A. was warned; would n

5、ot have taken B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken,1.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.,A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come,2.If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me f

6、rom going .,A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented,倒装的If虚拟句,条件状语的倒装：,如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他,Were I you, I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Shou

7、ld it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,If I were you, I would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,_the exam, he would have attend a college.,A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass,

8、_five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.,A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive,_it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.,A. Were B. should C. would D. will,注意: 主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句): 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的

9、时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。,如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。,If I were you, I would have taken his advice.,从句表示现在，主句表示过去,如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。,从句表示过去，主句表示现在,如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。,从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行,If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.,If it hadnt been raining those days, we should be going

10、on with the works.,If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。） If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）,wish引导的虚拟句,I wish I remembered the address.,我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）,How I wish

11、he had not left.,要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）,wish + that How I wish If only,did/were 现在,had done 过去,would / might / could将来,Exercises:,“Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _.”,A. had B. did C. have D. will,I didnt go to the

12、party, but I do wish I _there.,A. was B. were C. had been D. went,I wish I _ you yesterday.,A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see,If only,. If only (1) 要是就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time! If only I could see him again next year!,要是我们的父母能和

13、我们住在一起就好了。,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,要是我没错过火车就好了.,现在： 过去,did /were(现在) had done(过去),would rather,1. would rather that,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时,过去完成时,过去时,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorro

14、w.,If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. layC. had lainD. should lie,. If only we_ about the danger, we couldnt have joined youA. knewB. had knownC. would knowD. should know,as if /though,区别：,He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA.陈述语气,H

15、e speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA.虚拟语气,2. as if /though + clause,现在： 过去： 将来 :,did /were(现在),had done(过去),She loves the baby as if it were her own son. He speaks as if he had been to the United States.,would+动词原形(将来),When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.,

16、A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _ a young man.,A. is B. will be C. am D. were,The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.,A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would,注意: 在主语would (had) rather that 宾语

17、从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如:,我真希望你告诉我真相。,Id rather you told me the truth.,我宁愿不再见着你。,Id rather I didnt see you again.,我倒希望他们和我一起去。,I would rather they went with me.,注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,It looks as if you are tired.,用于名词性从句中,. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：ad

18、vise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, desire,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,We all suggest that he ( should ) finish his homework first.,The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at once.,Its suggested ( ordered, demanded, prop

19、osed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主语从句中要使用 虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原.的形式出 现。,Its ordered that only German ( should ) be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin.,Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.,以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句 和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，

20、也应以 (should) + v原. 的形式出现。,My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here.,His request that his cost ( should ) be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.,The order came that the work (should) be finished two days ahead of time,My advice is that you (should) practise speakin

21、g English as often as possible,注意:当suggest 表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！,His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.,I insist that he was wrong,His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision,He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health.,. The guard at the gate insisted that

22、everybody _the rulesA. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey,. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before elevenA. must finishB. would be finishedC. be finishedD. must be finished,. The judge ordered the thief _punishedA. should beB. would beC. was to beD. must be,. Her pale face suggested that she

23、 _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examinationA. be, should haveB. was, haveC. should, hadD. was, has,Its time,3. Its (about/high) time +that -,过去时,should +V.,你该走了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you should go.,你该去睡觉了。,Its time that you went to bed. Its time that

24、 you should go to bed.,Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time_ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left,7 Its high time he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go,Without 和 but for,4. without和but for 构成虚拟。but for要不是 Without sunlight, peop

25、les life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.,It is (necessary).that,6. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟， 即（should）+动词原形,It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necessary that we should study hard.,. It is necessary that he