通用版2018版高考英语大一轮复习第3部分写作基础训练十锁定高分的开头和结尾及倡议书课件PPT演示课件

学案十锁定高分的开头和结尾及倡议书,一篇习作的开头写得好，做到先声夺人，就会给阅卷老师一个好印象；结尾写得好，会进一步增强阅卷老师对习作的好感，从而打出高分。,写作运用探究,开头要使读者了解短文要谈什么，最好能立刻引起读者的兴趣。常见开头的写法：1.书信的常用开头法开门见山法Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.(2015全国，书面表达)我想邀请你在下周六和我们一块去附近的敬老院过重阳节。,一、如何写好开头,2.记叙文的常用开头法(1)故事背景法交代人物、事件、时间、地点、背景等Last Tuesday，our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.(2015北京，书面表达)上周二，我们班邀请了一位老艺人来教我们如何做面人。(2)往事追忆法回忆过去发生的某件事I still remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.我依然记得第一次去泰山旅游的事情，就像是在昨天一样。,3.说明文的常用开头法(1)点明中心法开门见山点明所要介绍的事物The pen is seen everywhere.In most cases，it only acts as a tool to write with，which I think is too simple.钢笔到处可见。在大多数情况下，它仅仅当作书写工具，我认为这太简单了。(2)引用数据法运用数据引出所要论证的主题A recent study shows that 50% of the school kids dont have breakfast.最近的研究表明，有50%的学生不吃早饭。,4.议论文的常用开头法(1)点明主题法提出一个观点或论据作为文章要阐明和论述的主题Through my years of school life，Ive learned that if we are to make a difference in life，its vital that we should begin with small things.通过几年的校园生活，我学会了如果我们要在生活中有所改变，从小事开始是非常重要的。,(2)引用名言法摘录或引用某些名人的名言或常见的习语、谚语作为文章的开头When it comes to how to succeed，many people may think of the proverb “Where there is a will，there is a way.”当谈到如何成功时，很多人或许会想到谚语“有志者，事竟成。”(3)列举实例法通过一个实例或现象引出话题Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining about heavy traffic，which has seriously influenced peoples daily life and economic development.现今，许多大城市的人们都在抱怨交通拥堵，它严重地影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。,5.图画作文的常用开头法描述图画法描写图画内容，为下文做好铺垫As is vividly shown in the picture，one person is asking the other to do some voluntary labour.正如图画中生动形象地显示的那样，一个人正在请另一个人做义务劳动。,【即时演练】用上述开头法翻译下列句子1.我想请你给我们学校的英语报纸写一篇文章。(开门见山法)_2.上周日，我和同学们去了香山公园。(故事背景法)_3.俗话说，“没有努力就没有收获。”(引用名言法)_,4.人们普遍认为阅读能增长我们的知识、拓宽我们的视野。(点明主题法)_5.每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪，就忍不住感到悲伤。(往事追忆法)_,答案1.Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.2.Last Sunday，my classmates and I went to the Xiangshan Park.3.As the saying goes，“No pains，no gains.”4.It is universally acknowledged that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.5.Whenever I think of the clean stream near my home，I cannot help feeling sad.,一个好的结尾应当有概括全文内容，进一步强调短文中心或升华主题的作用。主要有以下几种写法：1.照应开头Everyone enjoys beautiful things.And seeing sunrise may be one of the most unusual experiences in our life.每个人都喜欢美好的事物，看日出也许是我们人生中最不平凡的经历中的一次了。,二、如何写好结尾,2.复述中心We must protect the water as well as find ways to reuse it.If not，the last drop of water will be a teardrop.我们必须保护水源，寻找再利用水的方法，如果不这样做，最后一滴水将是人类的一滴泪水。3.总结式Therefore，always remember where theres a will，theres a way.因此，牢记：有志者，事竟成。,4.引用式I believe my dream will come true one day because “Where there is a will，there is a way.”我相信我的梦想总有一天会实现，因为“有志者，事竟成”。5.希望式The Internet is now very important to me because it not only gives me a lot of fun but also it is very useful.I like it and hope you will like it too.现在网络对我来说非常重要，因为它给我带来很多乐趣，而且非常有用，我喜欢它，希望你也喜欢它。,6.问题式Will you join us in the next century？How romantic and fantastic it will be!你愿意在下个世纪加入我们吗？那将是多么浪漫和奇妙啊！,【即时演练】用上述结尾法翻译下列句子6.不同的旅行方式都能让人们愉快，但我还是最喜欢乘火车旅行。(照应开头)_7.从这次经历中，我了解到细心非常重要，尤其在考试时，我们怎样细心都不为过。(总结式)_8.爱是给予，爱是关注他人，我将尽力把我所有的爱奉献给他人。(复述中心)_,9.作为一名学生，我非常支持这项活动，因为它很有意义，对学生很有帮助，我希望此类活动在将来能继续开展下去。(希望式)_10.找一个伙伴和我们一起去如何？这样我们可以互相帮助并且在旅途中保持愉快。(问题式)_,答案6.Different ways of traveling can make people happy，but I like traveling by train most.7.From this experience，I learned that being careful is very important and that we cant be too careful，especially in examinations.8.Love is giving and love is paying attention to others.I will do my best to give all my love to others.9.As a student，I am strongly for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.I hope that this kind of activity will continue in the future.10.How about finding a companion to be with us？So，we can help each other and be happy during the trip.,根据提示翻译句子1.正如谚语所说的那样“时间就是金钱”，是的，情况确实就是这样。(引语法)_2.宠物是人们饲养并将其视为伙伴的动物。(定义法)_3.目前，怎样处理垃圾是我们城市面临的一大问题。(实例法)_,单句跟踪演练,4.我希望你会在中学过丰富多彩的生活。(表示期待法)_5.如果你能到机场接我我将不胜感激。(表示感谢法)_6.因此我们得出结论：世界上没有什么东西和自由一样珍贵。(得出结论法)_7.总之，成功是重要的，失败也是重要的，因为它是成功之母。(引用名言法)_,答案1.As the saying goes，“Time is money.” Yes，its indeed the case.2.A pet is an animal kept by a person as a companion.3.How to deal with waste is a big problem for our city now.4.I hope you will live a rich and colorful life in high school.5.Id appreciate it if you can meet me at the airport.6.We，therefore，come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.7.In a word，success is important，and so is failure，because its the mother of success.,倡议书常用词汇1._ v.&n.争论2._ adj.有关的 prep.关于3._ v.要求4._ v.自愿；志愿5.call _号召6.as far as sb be _就某人而言7.spare no _ to do sth不遗余力做8.make good _ of充分利用答案1.debate2.concerning3.require4.volunteer 5.for/on6.concerned7.effort8.use,1.段首常用语：(1)I think/suggest we should.(2)In my opinion，we had better.(3)In order to.，I advise.(4)It is required that we.,倡议书常用句式,2.段中常用语：(1)Im calling for your active participation in.(2)Do you cherish precious opportunities to volunteer in.?(3)I think we should follow the following advice.(4)Here is a great one not to be missed by any enthusiastic youth.3.段尾常用语：(1)Its time that we should do something to.(2)Lets join our hands and take action immediately.(3)In my opinion，we should be polite and spare no effort to do something.(4)Only in this way can we make a great success.,倡议书是公开提倡某种做法，倡导某项活动，鼓动别人响应的一种信函文书。倡议书分为个人倡议书和集体倡议书两种。倡议书的结构为：标题、正文、署名和日期。高考一般只考查正文部分。倡议书的正文内容一般包括三部分：第一部分：正文的开头。简明扼要地写出倡议的目的、意义和有关背景，让人们懂得“为什么”要去做所倡议的活动。只有了解了活动的目的、意义，人们才会自觉地行动起来。,倡议书常用写作方法技巧与注意事项,第二部分：正文的主体。写倡议的主要内容和具体措施，即写“做什么”和“怎么做”。这是倡议书的核心部分。这部分最好用条款式分别列出，交代清楚，让响应者有所遵循，清楚要做什么和怎么去做，要写得明确、清晰。第三部分：结尾。写倡议者的决心和希望。这部分要写得热情洋溢，富于鼓舞性，最好能提出一个能概括全文主旨的响亮、有力的口号，让响应者容易记住倡议的主要内容，并受到鼓舞。,假定你校正在开展“根除陋习，创建文明校园”活动，请你以此为主题用英语写一篇100词左右的发言稿，向全校学生倡议：根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟提倡：讲礼貌、互助注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。,【模拟训练】,Dear friends，As is known to all，our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus._Thats all.Thank you.,【参考范文】Dear friends，As is known to all，our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus.But it has come to my