中考英语题型专练 专题九 短文填空 语法填空试题

1语法填空(2016广东深圳)阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词), 使文章意思完整、正确，并将答案写在答题卡相应位罝。 （共 10 小题，每小题 I 分) A dog entered a butchers shop with a note in his mouth. The note read, “$10 of lamb chops (羊排), please.”The butcher was very 46 (surprise). He took the money, put a bag of chops in the 47 (dog) mouth, and then he closed the shop 48 (quick). He followed the dog and watched him wait for a green light. Then the dog crossed the road to a bus stop. He checked the timetable and sat on the bench. When a bus arrived, the dog checked the number and got 49 it.As the bus traveled out into the countryside, the dog enjoyed the scenery. After 50 while, he stood on his back paws (爪子 ) 51 (push) the “stop” button. Then the butcher followed 52 (he) off.The dog ran up to a house and dropped his bag on the ground. He went back down the path, took a big run, and 53 (throw) himself against the door. No answer. He repeated the action a few times. Then a big man opened the door 54 started complaining about the dog and beating him.Seeing this, the butcher ran up and shouted at the man, “What are you doing? This dog is a genius!” The man replied, “Genius? No way! He has forgotten his key for the 55 (four) time this month!”【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文。一只狗嘴里叼着一个便条进入屠夫的商店。原来他在帮助主人购买羊排。屠夫很惊讶，跟随着那只狗观察。他竟然会自己等绿灯、过马路、核对时间表、在长凳上等待公交车、辨认公交车牌号、独自上下公交车。但是他的主人却因为他忘记带钥匙而打了他。46. surprised 考查形容词。一只狗会嘴里叼着 “10 美元羊排”的便条独自帮助主人买东西，屠夫感觉很惊讶。47. dogs 考查名词所有格。屠夫拿了钱，把一袋羊排放在那只狗的嘴里。48. quickly 考查副词。副词修饰动词 close（关住) 。49. on 考查介词。根据固定搭配 get on the bus（上公交车) 可知填介词 on。50. a 考查冠词。根据固定搭配 after a while（一会后) 可知填冠词 a。51. to push 考查非谓语动词。不定式表示目的。他抬起前爪、蹲在后爪上来摁“停止”按钮。52. him 考查代词。动词的后面使用人称代词的宾格形式。53. threw 考查动词时态。连词 and 连接前后一连串的动作 went，took 和 threw，处于并列地位，故形式一样，都用过去式。54. and 考查连词。开门的动作和开始抱怨的动作是先后发生的，连词 and 表示动作上的承接。55. fourth 考查数词。根据句意“他这个月第四次忘记带钥匙了”可知使用序数词。(2016甘肃天水) Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in their life, they would invite 81 (they) in a diary. Now a teenager might go online and write their daily life and 82 (feel) in a blog. In many ways, a diary and a blog are almost the 83 . They both tell what happened to the writer that day. So 2what makes a blog different 84 a diary?The 85 (big) difference is that a blog is much more popular than a diary. People like to write in blogs 86 they know their friends will read what they write. If my sister writes in her blog “Nobody 87 (care) about me”, her best friends 88 (read) quickly and tell her how 89 they like her. Blogs help people stay in touch with their friends and know 90 people around them are doing.【主旨大意】本文为一篇说明文。以前人们用日记记录自己的心情，现在人们在互联网用博客记录，那么两者有什么差异呢？81. them 句意为：很多年以前，如果一个年轻人在生活中有些琐碎的事情，他们将会把它们记录在日记中。此空填 them 指代 some problems。故填 them。82. feelings 句意为：现在，年轻人可能会上网用博客记录他们的日常生活和情感（生活）。此处指“各种情感” ，应填 feelings。83. same 句意为：在很多方面，日记和博客几乎是相同的。根据后文 They both tell what happened to the writer that day.（它们会告诉你当天作者所发生的事。 ）可知本空答案故填 same。84. from 句意为：因此，什么使得博客与日记不同呢？与不同，(be) different from .。故填 from。85. biggest 句意为：最大的区别就是博客比日记更为流行。空给前有定冠词 the，故填最高级 biggest。86. because 句意为：人们喜欢写博客，因为他们知道他们的朋友会看他们所写的内容。空格前后表示因果关系，故填 because。87. cares 句意为：没有人关心我。主语是 Nobody，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填cares。88. will read 句意为：她最好的朋友将会快速地阅读 该句为由 If 引导的条件状语从句，主语应用一般将来时态，故填 will read。89. much 句意为：并告诉她，她们有多么地喜欢她。表示“程度”用 much。90. what 句意为：博客帮助人们与他们的朋友取得联系，而且还知道他们周围的人正在做什么（事情） 。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语从句，what 在从句中作 doing 的宾语，意为“什么” ，故填 what。(2016浙江湖州)阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Have you ever been cycling (骑自行车运动)? This spring my elder brother and I 66 (spend) a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode 67 (slow) along because we hadnt come to break any speed records, or to do sports. We just wanted 68 (get) some fresh air and a break from schoolwork. We really had a great time 69 (ride) along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that made us happy: every few 70 (kilometer) there was a village where we could find everything we needed. All the local people were really friendly. However, 71 the second day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes (刹车) started making 72 noise, but I didnt mind at all. At midnight we were woken by 3the noise in the hotel. We were tired 73 we set off the next morning, but soon felt cheerful when the sun came out.What we enjoyed 74 (our) most about cycling isits simple and fun. I think nothing is 75 (good) than cycling if yore looking for a break that is active and cheap.Why not have a try?【主旨大意】本篇是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和弟弟周末骑自行车运动去农村的经过。66. spent 句意：今年春天我和弟弟在乡村骑自行车运动度过周末。根据下文用过去时，故天 spent。67. slowly 修饰动词 rode 用副词 slowly。68. to get 句意：我们仅仅想呼吸新鲜空气，从学习中休息一会。want to do sth.故填to get。69. riding 固定句式 have a great time doing sth.意为“做某事高兴” ，故填riding。70. kilometers 根据 every few 后用名词复数形式，故填 kilometers。71. on “在第二天”用介词 on。72. a 固定短语 make a noise，意为“发出声响” 。73. when 句意：当我们早晨出发的时候，我们非常累。74. ourselves enjoy oneself 意为“玩得高兴或痛快” 。75. better 根据 than 可知用 good 的比较级 better。(2016浙江台州)五、语法填空（本题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分；共计 10 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词，或填人括号中所给单词的正确形式。School was over. Usually Davids mother would take him home from school but today she was not here. David decided to go home alone 61 foot, and it took him about half 62 hour.When he got home, he couldnt get in 63 he did not bring his keys. He knocked on the door，but no one answered. David thought his mother 64 (be) in the toilet, so he waited patiently for her. After a few 65 (minute), David knocked again, but still no one answered. “What is happening? Is there anything wrong with my mother?” he thought to 66 (he) and got worried. Just at that moment, he heard the 67 (friend) voice of his neighbor, John. David told him that no one was home, and John asked him 68 (stay) in his house. Two hours later, when Davids mother got back, he 69 (play) games with John. 70 happy he was to see his mother!【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了大卫在放学后没有妈妈来接的情况下，自己走回家。家里没有人，好心的邻居约翰让他去他家一直等到妈妈回来的故事。在等妈妈回家的过程中，大卫和约翰玩的很开心。61. on 根据后面的 foot 并结合句意可知填 on，构成短语 on foot，意为“步行”。句意为：大卫决定一个人走着回家。62. an 根据前面的 half 和后面的 hour 可知填 an，构成短语 half an hour，意为“半小时”。句意：花费他半小时左右。63. because/as/since 根据句子成分分析用连词，后面的没带钥匙是前面的没能进入房间的“原因”，可知用 because, as 或是 since。464. was 整个句子用的过去时，主语 mother 是单数，用 was。句意：他想他的妈妈在厕所里。65. minutes 根据前面的 a few 可知后面用名词的复数形式。minute 的复数形式是minutes。66. himself 考查短语 think to oneself 意为“盘算，自思自忖”。反身代词与前面的主语 he 一致，用 himself。67.friendly 根据后面的名词 voice 可知用 friend 的形容词 friendly 作定语。句意：正在那时他听见了他的邻居约翰的友好的声音。68. to stay 根据前面的 ask 可知构成短语 ask sb. to do sth. 故填 to stay。69. was playing 根据从句的连词 when 可知表示当妈妈回来的时候，他和约翰正在玩游戏。用过去进行时 was playing。70. How 根据后面的叹号可知是感叹句，对形容词 happy 的感叹用 how，注意首字母要大写。(2016浙江义乌)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。The whole school was talking about the winter camp. And everyone was looking forward 61 it except me because I thought I would get homesick. But it was the way we grew up.When arriving at the camp, we 62 (ask) to ski (滑雪) down to field by the coach. I skied 63 (careful), but I still hit a piece of ice and fell down.“Hal Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I looked back to see 64 was laughing at me. To my surprise, I saw 65 girl in the same embarrassing (尴尬的) position I was in. “I thought Id be bad at this, but it seems 66 (difficult) than I expected!” she said. Suddenly, I started laughing, too. After being so afraid of 67 (fall), it was a comfort not tofear it anymore.The next day, 68 I didnt want to go ski jumping, I was chosen to do that first. But when my 69 (foot) left the ground. I felt I was flying and it was wonderful.Just do your best 70 (meet) every challenge (挑战). Youll never imagine how much you will get.61. to 考查固定搭配。look forward to 意为“期望；期盼” 。62. were asked 考查被动语态用法。根据后面的 by the coach 可知此题用被动语态，主语是 we，故用 were asked。63. carefully 考查副词用法。skied 是动词，故此处要用副词来修饰。64. who 考查疑问词用法。根据前一句 “Behind me, somebody started laughing.”可知“我”想知道是谁在嘲笑我，故用 who 符合题意。65. a 考查冠词用法。girl 是以辅音音素开头的单词，且是第一次提到，故用冠词 a。66. more difficult 考查形容词的比较级用法。difficult 是多音节的单词，故其比较级形式是在其前加 more。67. falling 考查非谓语动词。be afraid of doing sth.意为“害怕做某事” 。68. though/although 考查连词用法。根据后半句 “ I was chosen to do that 5first.”可知前后表达的是转折之意。though/although 意为“尽管；虽然” 。69. feet 考查名词用法。当提到某人的脚时，常用复数形式。feet 是 foot 的复数形式。70. to meet 考查非谓语动词。 do ones best to do sth.意为“尽某人的最大能力去做某事” 。是固定用法。(2016浙江杭州)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。Speaker 1: I went straight into work after leaving school at age of eighteen. I got a job in a big business. But I think it was a mistake as there werent any chances for me. I think graduates(毕业生) 51 (usual) get more interesting jobs, so I decided to go to university to have a better future. Studying for a degree was one of the best 52 (experience) of my life. I loved my subject, and now Im looking for a new job-better-paid and more interesting than my last one.Speaker 2: I 53 (leave) school at sixteen and started working in a market. Now Ive just opened my first shop. Some of my friends 54 went on to university cant find work. They had 55 good time at college for a few years, but I really dont know 56 they still stayed in college. Working for 57 (you) is the best education.Speaker 3: I got quite a shock when I got my first job after graduation from university. My boss had been in the same class 58 me at school! She went straight into work at eighteen and now shes making more money than me! Actually, she 59 (want) to go to university now. And I think thats probably a much 60 （good）way to do it. I think youll get more from university if you spend some time working first. 【主旨大意】本文一篇应用文。三个演讲者描述了毕业后是直接就业还是进入大学学习的情况。51. usually 分析句子结构知，本空应填一副词修饰动词 get。故填 usually。52. experiences 本句含有“one of +形容词最高级+名词复数形式” 。故填 experiences53. left started 与 leave 为并列谓语。故本空应填 leave 的过去式 left。 54. who/that 分析句子结构知，本句是含有定语从句的复合句。先行词为 Some of my friends，表示人，故关系代词用 that 或 who。55. a have a good time 是固定词组，意为“玩得开心，过得愉快。 ”56. why I really dont know 后跟宾语从句，根据语境推知句意：我真不知道他们为什么还待在大学？ 故用 why。57. yourself/yourselves for 是介词，介词后面应该用宾格代词或反身代词。这里强调为自己而学。故用 yourself/yourselves.58. as the same as“和一样”是固定搭配。59. wants 根据语境知，这里用一般现在时表达；又因句子主语是第三人称单数 she，句子谓语动词也用单数第三人称。故填 wants。60. better much 修饰形容词比较级；而 good 的比较级是 better。由此得到答案。(2016浙江绍兴)阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给词的适6当形式。The whole school was talking about the winter camp. And everyone was looking forward 61 it except me because I thought I would get homesick. But it was the way we grew up. When arriving at the camp, we 62 (ask) to ski (滑雪) down to field by the coach. I skied 63 (careful), but I still hit a piece of ice and fell down.“Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I looked back to see 64 was laughing at me. To my surprise, I saw 65 girl in the same embarrassing position I was in. “I thought Id be bad at this, but it seems 66 (difficult) than I expected!” she said. Suddenly, I started laughing, too. After being so afraid of 67 (fall), it was a comfort not to fear it anymore.The next day, 68 I didnt want to go ski jumping, I was chosen to do that first. But when my 69 (foot) left the ground, I felt I was flying and it was wonderful.Just do your best 70 (meet) every challenge. Youll never imagine how much you will get.【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一次学校的冬令营。记叙了作者学习滑雪的过程，从害怕摔倒到勇敢面对，再到体会到滑雪的快乐，从而给大家启示：尽力面对自己的挑战，你永远都不能想象你能得到多少。61. to 句意为：所有人都在期待冬令营，除了我，因为我以为我会想家。look forward to sth.意为：期待某事。62. were asked 句意为：我们被教练要求滑雪。应使用被动语态，同时根据上下文可以推断应该使用一般过去时态，结合主语 we，可知答案。63. carefully 句意为：我小心地滑雪，此处应该使用副词形式修饰动词 skied，故应填carefully。64. who 句意为：我回头看是谁在嘲笑我。此处应该使用特殊疑问词做连接词，结合句意可知答案。65. a 句意为：我看到一个和我一样姿势的尴尬女孩。第一次出现的人或物前面应使用不定冠词 a 或 an，根据 girl 的读音，排除掉 an，故应填 a。66. more difficult 句意为：我知道我会做不好，结果比我预料的难多了。根据空后的than 可以判断，应填比较级。67. falling 句意为：由那么害怕摔倒到不再害怕摔倒成了一种舒服的感受。Be afraid of 后应使用动名词形式，故应填 falling。68. thoughalthough 句意为：第二天尽管 (虽然) 我不想再去滑雪，但我第一个就被选到。根据上下文，此处需用引导让步状语从句的连词，可得答案。69. feet 句意为：当我的两只脚离开地面时，感觉像在飞，好极了！根据常识，此处应该填复数形式。70. to meet 句意为：尽最大的努力来面对每一次挑战。根据词组 do ones best to do sth.可知应填动词不定式形式。(2016浙江衢州)六、语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法结构和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。7Danny has a hobby-playing games online. He is interested 66 solving puzzles. He particularly enjoys chatting to other gamers.Now Danny 67 (sit) quietly in front of his computer. His mother thinks he is doing his homework, 68 she is wrong. Danny is actually surfing the Internet, solving puzzles and “chatting” to other gamers around the world. 69 funny it is! Danny thinks.Why are game online so interesting? “ 70 I can pretend to be a different person. There also many different 71 (kind) of games for me to play,” says Danny.“Other people love to play these games because they can play at any time. They do not need to organize a group. Someone in the world always wants 72 (play).”Starting a game online is not easy. Some gamers 73 (not) welcome new gamers. They will become angry when new gamers ask them questions, Other gamers are helpful. They want to make new friends. When Danny has 74 questions, he always says, “Excuse me, are you busy? I am new at this game and I need some help.”Sometimes this 75 (work). At other times, however, the gamer at the other end makes you feel like fool.66. in【解析】句意：他结解难题感兴趣。be interested in 对感兴趣。67. is sitting【解析】句意：现在他正坐在电脑前。now 表示现在进行时态，故用 is sitting。68. but【解析】句意：她妈妈以为他正在做作业，但是她错了。but 表示转折。 69. How【解析】句意：它是多么的有趣呀!这是一句感叹句，funny 是形容词，故要用 how来修饰。what 修饰名词短语，how 修饰形容词或者副词。70.because【解析】句意：为什么在线游戏如此有趣呢？因为我能假装成不同的人。由why 可知，要用 because 回答。71. kinds 句意：有如此不同的游戏让我玩。many kinds of 各种不同的，为固定词组。72. to play【解析】句意：在这个世界上的某些人一直想要玩。want to do sth.想要做某事，固定词组。 73.dont【解析】句意：一些玩家不欢迎新玩家 。welcome 是实义动词，其否定形式要用 dont。74. a【解析】句意：当丹妮有一个问题时，他总是会说：对不起，你们忙吗？我是新手，我需要帮助。question 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 75. works【解析】句意：有时候，这起作用了。this 表示单数，故用 works。(2016山东聊城)五、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处按全员填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，每空 1 个单词。Chelsea Fearce is seventeen years old. There are five 56 (member) in her family. They are poor and they live in a shelter (收容所). “Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was not easy for 57 (I).”Fearce said. “I am worried 58 (介词) my family and my home life. I know I have to become stronger, 59 (连词) I study hard. ”When she was in high school, Fearce often 60 (stay) up late. She wanted to have a 61 (good) life than before. She just told herself to keep 62 (work).8Fearce overcame (克服) all the 63 (difficulty). She got high grades and she became a college student. “Never 64 (give) up! Do what you have to do right now so that you can have 65 (冠词) future that you want,” Fearce told everyone. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 Chelsea Fearce 很穷生活在收容所。但是她学校很努力，为了能有一个更好的生活。56. members 考查名词的复数。根据前面的 five 可知 member 应该用复数形式。57. me 考查代词的宾格。for 为介词，应该用代词的宾格形式 me。58. about 考查固定短语。be worried about 意为“担心” 。59. so/and 考查定冠词的用法。根据句意：我知道我必须变得更强壮，_ 我学习努力。根据句意可知后面是结果。60. stayed 考查动词的时态。根据前后句子用的是一般过去时，所以 stay 也应该用过去式 stayed。61. better 考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的 than 可知应该用 good 的比较级 better。62. working 考查固定短语。keep doing 意为“继续做某事” 。63. difficulties 考查定名词的复数。根据前面的 all the 可知 difficulty 应该用其复数形式。64. give 考查祈使句的用法。祈使句应该用动词原形。65. the 考查定冠词的用法。根据单词后面的句子“_future that you want”可知应该是特指哪种将来。应该用定冠词 the。（2016重庆 B 卷）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Teenagers and their parents always think differently. Children always hate the _80_ asked by their parents. Here are some of them.What did you get on your report card?Unless you get all As and Bs, youll never want to hear this question come out of your parents mouths. How do they know it is the report card day? Mom and Dad are going to be angry when they see you 81 a C in math.Did you clean your room?“YES,” you shout downstairs as you start running around your room, hiding all the clothes on your floor under your bed. You must finish all of this 82 your mom comes into your room and see your room is still in a mess. Is that your boyfriend/ girlfriend?You cant understand why your 83 always ask such a question. You find it difficult to give an answer. Its either because you dont know what kind of relationship it is 84 theres an important reason you cant tell them.Did you call a family member for his/ her birthday?Uh, no. Honestly, you see this family member once every three years. What will you say 85 him/ her? Cant you just write “Happy Birthday” in his/ her WeChat or QQ group?Such problems often happen to teenagers and their parents. Maybe 86 sides should have some changes and try to understand each other better. For parents, they may let the children be free to deal with their 87 problems. For children, theyd better ask their parents for some advice.9【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。青少年和他们的父母总是想法不同，孩子们也总是讨厌他们的父母问这些问题，如：考试成绩怎么样？你的房间打扫了吗？这是你男朋友/女朋友？家庭成员过生日你打电话给他/她了吗？这样的问题在孩子与父母之间经常发生，两者之间要相互理解。80. questions 81. get /have 82. before 83. parents 84. or 85. to 86. both /two 87. own(2016浙江舟山)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Dear Auntie Em,Great news! Mrs Mumford just told me I had been chosen as one of the school 61 (student) to visit the University of Cape Town in South Africa this summer! She said the program 62 (design) for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture. 63 a good chance!The only problem is: mom and dad 64 (simple) wont let me go. They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, 65 (travel) alone. But my guess is that they think it too expensive. I kept telling 66 (they) I had been on a plane alone to visit you in Texas before. They neednt worry about me 67 this trip would be almost the same as that one. 68 they just wont listen!Will you help, Auntie Em? It will be 69 very important experience to my personal growth.Love, (and love you even 70 (much) if you manage to make mom & dad agree with me. )Dat【主旨大意】作者被选为去开普敦大学参观的学员之一，但是父母不支持他参加这次活动，她写信向她的阿姨求助，帮忙说服她的父母。61. students 考查固定搭配。 句意：我被学校选为去开普敦大学参观的学生中的一员。one of the +可数名词的复数，意思是中的之一。故填 student 的复数形式。62. was designed. 考查动词的语态。句意：她说，这个被设计的项目能让一些聪明的青少年体验不同文化。这是一个含宾语从句的主从复合句，主句中的 said 是过去式，所以从句中的项目是被设计，就用一般过去时态的被动语态。S+ was/were+动词的过去分词。program 是单数，就用 was，故填 was designed。63. What 考查感叹句句型。句意： 多好的机会啊！根据 What+a+adj.+n.+主+谓！，由此可知用 what 来构成这个感叹句。64. simply 考查副词的用法。句意：爸爸妈妈不会简单地让我去的