中英文双语ppt精品课件心血管系统cardiovascular

Cardiovascular System aorta arteriole artery Atrioventricular bundle Atrioventricular node atrium capillary Coronary arteries Deoxygenated blood 主动脉 zhu dong mai 小动脉 xiao dong mai 动脉 dong mai 房室束 fang shi shu 房实结 fang shi jie 心房 xin fang 毛细血管 mao xi xue guan 冠状动脉 guan zhuang dong mai 低氧血 di yang xue diastole endocardium Mitral valve murmur myocardium pacemaker pericardium Pulmonary artery Pulmonary circulation 舒张 shu zhang 心内膜 xin nei mo 二尖瓣 er jian ban 杂音 za yin 心肌 xin ji 起搏点 qi bo dian 心包 xin bao 肺动脉 fei dong mai 肺循环 fei xun huan Cardiovascular System Pulmonary valve Pulmonary vein pulse septum Sinoatrial node sphygmomanometer Systemic circulation systole Tricuspid valve 肺动脉瓣 fei dong mai ban 肺静脉 fei jing mai 脉搏 mai bo 间隔 jian ge 窦房结 dou fang jie 血压计 xue ya ji 体循环 ti xun huan 收缩 shou suo 三尖瓣 san jian ban Cardiovascular System Vena cava ventricle venule 腔静脉 qiang jing mai 心室 xin shi 小静脉 xiao jing mai Cardiovascular System Pathological Conditions arrhythmias 心律失常 xin lv shi chang Cardiovascular System Heart block 心传导阻滞 xin chuang dao zu zhi flutter 心扑 xin pu Abnormal heart rhythms Failure of proper conduction of impulses through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle Rapid but regular contractions of atria or ventricles Pathological Conditions fibrillation 纤维颤动 xian wei chan dong Cardiovascular System Congenital heart disease先天性心脏病 xian tian xing xin zang bing Coarctation of the aorta 主动脉缩窄 zhu dong mai suo zhai Rapid, random, ineffectual and irregular contractions of the heart(350 beats or more per minute) Abnormalities in the heart at birth Narrowing of the aorta Pathological Conditions Patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭 dong mai dao guan wei bi Cardiovascular System Septal defects 间隔缺损 jian ge que sun Tetralogy of Fallot 法洛氏四联症 fa luo shi si lian zheng A small duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth, remain open Small holes in the septa between the atria or the ventricles 1.Pulmonary artery stenosis 2.ventricular septal defect 3.Shift of the aorta to the right 4.hypertrophy of the right venticle Pathological Conditions Congestive heart failure 充血性心衰 chong xue xing xin shuai Cardiovascular System Coronary artery disease 冠心病 guan xin bing endocarditis 心内膜炎 xin nei mo yan The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart Cause: atherosclerosis 动脉 (dongmai)粥 (zhou)样 (yang)硬化 (yinghua) Inflamation炎症 (yanzheng) of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria细菌 (xijun) Pathological Conditions Hypertensive heart disease 高血压性心脏病 gaoxueya xing xinzangbing Cardiovascular System Mitral valve prolapse 二尖瓣脱垂 er jian ban tuo chui pericarditis 心包炎 xin bao yan High blood pressure affecting the heart Improper closure of the mitral valve (enlarges and prolapses into the left atrium during systole) Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart Pathological Conditions Rheumatic heart disease风湿性心脏病 feng shi xing xin zang bing Cardiovascular System aneurysm 动脉瘤 dong mai liu hypertension 高血压 gao xue ya Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever (childhood disease) Local widening of an arterial wall Cause: atherosclerosis, hypertension, weakness of vessel wall High blood pressure. Most is essential原发性 (yuanfaxing) ， with no identifiable cause Pathological Conditions Peripheral vascular disease外周血管病 wai zhou xue guan bing Cardiovascular System Raynaud disease 雷诺病 lei nuo bing 静脉曲张 jing mai qu zhang Varicose veins Blockage阻塞 (zuse) of blood vessels outside the heart Short episodes of pallor苍白 (cangbai) and cyanosis紫绀 (zigan) in the fingers手指 (shouzhi) and toes脚趾 (jiaozhi) Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs腿 (tui) Lipid tests 脂类检测 zhi lei jian ce Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures Cardiovascular System Serum enzyme tests血清酶检测 xue qing mei jian ce Lipoprotein electrophoresis 脂蛋白电泳 zhi dan bai dian yong Measurement of cholesterol胆固醇 (dan gu chun) and triglycerides甘油三酯 (ganyousanzhi) in a blood sample Lipoproteins (combinations of fat脂肪 (zhifang) and protein蛋 白质 (danbaizhi) are physically separated in a blood sample Examples: low-density lipoprotein(LDL)低 (di)密度 (midu)脂蛋 白 (zhidanbai) Chemicals measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack Examples: creatine kinase(CK)肌酸激酶 (jisuan jimei) troponin-T(cTnT)肌钙蛋白 T(jigaidanbai) Cardiac catheterization心导管检查 xin dao guan jian cha Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures Cardiovascular System Holter monitoring 24小时心监 ershisi xiaoshi xinjian Eletrocardiography 心电图 xin dian tu A thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein静脉 (jingmai) or an artery动脉 (dongmai) Recording of electricity flowing through the heart An ECG device is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias心律失常 (xinlshichang ) Stress test 运动实验 yun dong shi yan Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures Cardiovascular System Cardioversion(defibrillation)电除颤 dian chu chan Exercise tolerance test determines the hearts response to physical exertion强 (qiang)体力活动 (tilihuodong) stress应激 (yingji) Very brief discharges of electricity放电 (fangdian), applied across the chest胸部 (xiongbu) to stop arrthymias Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) 冠状动脉旁路搭桥 Guan zhuang dong mai pang lu daqiao Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures Cardiovascular System Extracorporeal circulation体外循环 ti wai xun huan Arteries and veins are anastomosed联结 (lianjie) to coronary arteries to detour around blockages阻塞 (zuse) A heart-lung machine心肺 (xinfei)机 (ji) diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is being repaired Heart transplantation 心脏移植 xin zang yi zhi Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures Cardiovascular System A donor供体 (gongti) heart is transferred to a recipient受体 (shouti) A balloon-tipped catheter尖头 (jiantou)胶囊 (jiaonang)导管 (daoguan) is inserted into a coronary artery to open the artery; stents支架 (zhijia) are put in place Percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠状动脉扩张术 Jingpi guanzhuangdongmai kuozhang 医生：你有什么问题？ Ni you shen me wen ti? 病人：我头晕头痛。 Wo tou yun tou tong. Dialogue D: What happened to you? P: I get a headache and feel dizzy. Cardiovascular System 医生：一直痛还是有时痛？ Yi zhi tong hai shi you shi tong? 病人：有时痛。但最近比较频繁。 You shi tong. Dan zui jin bi jiao pin fan. Dialogue D: All the time or sometimes? P: Sometimes. But its more frequent recently. Cardiovascular System 医生：感冒了吗？ Gan mao le ma? 病人：没有。 Mei you. Dialogue D: Have you got a cold? P: No. Cardiovascular System 医生：你有什么耳朵或者眼睛的疾病吗？ Ni you shen me er duo huo zhe yan jing de ji bing ma? 病人：我想没有。 Wo xiang mei you. Dialogue D: Have you got any disease with your ears or eyes? P: No, I dont think so. Cardiovascular System 医生：那你确定是头晕而不是眩晕吗？晕的时候有没有感到周 围事物在运动？ Na ni que ding shi tou yun er bu shi xuan yun ma? Yun de shi hou you mei you gan dao zhou wei shi wu zai yun dong? 病人：是的，我非常肯定就是头晕。 Shi de, wo fei chang ken ding jiu shi tou yun. Dialogue D: Then are you sure that its not vertigo but dizziness? Do you feel any movement of the articles surrounding? P: Yes, Im quite sure. Its a dizziness. Cardiovascular System 医生：有高血压吗 ? You gao xue ya ma? 病人：我不知道。 Wo bu zhi dao. Dialogue D: Do you have hypertension? P: I have no idea. Cardiovascular System 医生：有没有发过心脏病？ You mei you fa guo xin zang bing? 病人：没有。 Mei you. Dialogue D: Have you experienced any heart attack? P: No, I havent. Cardiovascular System 医生：除了头晕头痛，还有其他什么不舒服吗？ Chu le tou yun tou tong, hai you qi ta shen me bu shu fu ma? 病人：有时候做多了家务活，会感到胸闷 . You shi hou zuo duo le jia wu huo, hui gan dao xiong men. Dialogue D: Are there any other symptoms except that? P: I may feel a chest stress after doing a lot of housework. Cardiovascular System 医生：嗯，如果爬楼，爬到几楼你会觉得很累而不得不停下来喘 口气 ? En, ru guo pa lou, pa dao ji lou ni hui jue de hen lei er bu de bu ting xie lai chuan kou qi? 病人：我不知道。我房子在二楼。需要上楼的时候我都是做电梯 。 Wo bu zhi dao. Wo fang zi zai er lou. Xu yao shang lou de shi hou wo dou shi zuo dian ti. Dialogue D: Ok. Which floor can you get to before feeling too tired to stop for a breath when youre going upstairs? P: I dont know. My house is at the second floor and l usually turn to elevator when I have to go upstairs. Cardiovascular System 医生：你很可能得了高血压，如果不控制的话，会引起心脏病 。 Ni hen ke neng de le gao xue ya, ru guo bu kong zhi de hua, hui yin qi xin zang bing. 病人：有那么严重？我只是感到头晕而已啊？ You na me yan zhong? Wo zhi shi gan dao tuo yun er yi a? Dialogue D: Its strongly supposed that you have got a disease called hypertension which could cause heart disease if its not under control? P: Do you really think Im that ill? I just feel dizzy？ Cardiovascular System 医生：护士会先给你量两次血压，今天明天各一次。另外我建 议你再做两项检查，心电图和超声心动图。今天就可以做完。 Hu shi hui xian gei ni liang liang ci xue ya, jin tian ming tian ge yi ci. Ling wai wo jian yi ni zai zuo liang xiang jian cha, xin dian tu he chao sheng x