上海师范大学2005至2006学年第一学期翻译期末考试试题a

上海师范大学 2005至 2006学年第一学期翻译期末考试试题 A 上海师范大学外国语学院标准试卷 考试日期 2006 年 1 月 科目 翻译 A 卷 英语 专业 本科 2002 （四）年级 1、2、3、4 班 姓名 学号 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 我认真遵守上海师范大学考场规则，诚信考试。 签名： 一、 Translate the following English paragraphs into Chinese: (50%) 1. Each human being is born as something new, something that never existed before. Each is born with the capacity to win at life. Each person has a unique way of seeing, hearing, touching, tasting and thinking. Each has his or her own unique potential capabilities and limitations. Each can be a significant, thinking, aware, and creative being a productive person, a winner. （10%） 2. The words “winner” and “loser” have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.（7%） 3. These are the principles, however formulated, for which all good men and women throughout the world, irrespective of race or creed, education, social position or occupation, are standing, and for which many of them are suffering and dying. These are the principles upon which alone a new world recognizing the brotherhood of man and the fatherhood of God can be established. （8%） 4. There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth，and ambition therefore a sham. Does this mean that success does not really exist? That achievement is at bottom empty? That the efforts of men and women are of no significance alongside the force of movements and events? Now not all success, obviously, is worth esteeming, nor all ambition worth cultivating. Which are and which are not is something one soon enough learns on ones own. But even the most cynical secretly admit that success exists; that achievement counts for a great deal; and that the true myth is that the actions of men and women are useless. To believe otherwise is to take on a point of view that is likely to be deranging. It is, in its implications, to remove all motives for competence, interest in attainment, and regard for posterity. （17%） 5. All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations of 1, 660 to 4,000 meters above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced-oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel system stronger. （8%） 二、 Translate the following Chinese paragraphs into English: (20%) 6. 赢者关心世界和世间众生。赢者不置身世外，不会对世间普遍存在的问题置之不 理，恰恰相反，他对社会问题非常关注，充满同情心，并致力于改善生活的质量。 即使面对全国性乃至全球性的灾难，赢者也不会显得无能为力。赢者致力于使世 界变得更加美好。（8%） 7. 在所有的社会里，男人和女人的职责被认为是不同的。母亲的职责普遍地由妇女 付诸实施，这从生物学的角度来看是有根据的。性别确定的角色也是经济领域的 特征，男女所从事的工作大不相同。这种差别并非是男女生物差异的自然结果。 某一具体工作在一个社会可能由男人去做，在另一个社会也许为女人所从事。比 如说，给牲畜挤奶在有些社会里可能是女人的任务，在别的社会中兴许是男人干 的事。（12%） 三、 Translate the following English sentences or short paragraphs into Chinese. (30%) 1. Here is the prime condition of success, the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it. （6%） 2. Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands and prairies into farms and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power. Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. （10%） 3. Many factors result in this unpleasant phenomenon. Among them, hunting is the main factor that endangers wild life. Some people kill wild life for sport. They take pleasure in collecting heads and hides. Yet others specialize in commercial hunting like killing whales.（5%） 4. The main reason for the population explosion is not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in public health services and medical care. （3%） 5. Neither must we think that the life of a man begins when he can feed himself or walk alone, when he can fight or beget his like, for so he is contemporary with a camel or a cow; but he is first a man, when he comes to a certain steady use of reason, according to his proportion; and when that is, all the world of men cannot tell precisely. （6%） 参考答案（A 卷和 B卷） 英语 专业 本科 2002 （四）年级 1、2、3、4 班 姓名 学号 参考答案 （实用于 A卷和 B卷） 一、 Translate the following English paragraphs into Chinese: (50%) 1 每个人生来就是新的事物，就是前所未有的事物。每个人天生就具备在生活中获取成 功的能力。每个人都有自己观察、听闻、触摸、品尝和思考的独特方法。每个人的潜力也 各不相同 各有所长也各有局限。每个人都有可能成为一个杰出的、思维清晰的、明智 的、富有创造力的人 成为一个成就斐然的人，一个赢者。 2“赢者”和“输者”这两个词均有多种不同定义。我们称某人为赢者，并不是说他会让 别人输掉什么。在我们看来，一个赢者无论是作为个人还是作为社会的一分子，他都会以 诚信、可靠、灵敏、真诚的态度对一切做出真实可信的反应。 3不管如何表述，上述就是全世界一切善良的人们所代表的原则，不论其种族、信仰、教 育、地位或职业如何，而为了这些原则，其中许多人正在受苦和死亡。 只有在这些原则的基础上，才能建立起人人亲如兄弟、上帝亲如父辈的新世界。 4有些人顽固地认为，成功是一种神话，因此抱负亦属虚幻。这是不是说成功并不真正存 在？是不是意味着成就本质上没有实际意义？是不是意味着与巨大的自然力量相比人的努 力微不足道？显然，并非所有的成功都值得景仰，并非所有的抱负都值得培养。值得和不 值得的选择一个人自然而然很快就会学会。但即便是最愤世嫉俗的人暗地里也承认，成功 确实存在，成就的意义举足轻重，而把人的努力说成徒劳无功才真正是胡编乱造。不相信 成功的存在，就等于接纳了一种很可能造成混乱的观点。这种观点的真意是一笔沟销所有 提高能力的动机、求取业绩的兴趣和对子孙后代的关注。 5所有这些人都从他们的劳动环境中获得了有益的回报 健康。他们都出生在山区。生 活和劳动在海拔 1,600至 4,000米高的山上。空气中氧气稀少，没有污染。这种缺氧环境 强化了心脏和血管系统。 二、 Translate the following Chinese paragraphs into English: (20%) 6. A winner cares about the world and its peoples. A winner is not isolated from the general problems of society, but is concerned, compassionate, and committed to improving the quality of life. Even in the face of national and international adversity, a winners self-image is not one of a powerless individual. A winner works to make the world a better place. 7In all societies, male and female roles are regarded differently. The mother role is universally carried out by women, which is biologically based. Roles defined by sex also characterize the economic sphere so that the tasks men perform are different from those women perform. This difference is not any outgrowth of the biological differences between men and women. A specific task may be associated with men in one society and with women in another. Milking