英语论文写作 注意事项

-精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 1 英语论文写作注意事项 摘要： 本文提出了几种最常见的中式英 语习惯，它们是从超过两百份中国学生 写的英文论文中观察得来的。文中解释 了这些习惯，并且在大部分情况下给出 了从实际论文中出现的例子以及正确的 用法。我们试图去解释如何去改正和避 免这些错误。一些情况下，我们还解释 了为什么这些习惯会出现。本文可以成 为一个单独的科技论文编写指南，尤其 是当很难寻找一个母语为英语的编辑时。 大意 Section 1 a, an, the 冠词后面将跟随一个名词，并且 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 2 任何冠词与名词之间的修饰词都用来修 饰这个名词。A 和 an 是不定冠词，the 是定冠词。单数形式的不可数名词以及 指代一个可数事务的普通名词，它们每 次都需要一些限定词。 它们的使用方法如下图所示： Incorrect Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of main and splitter blades.15 Correct Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on the surface of the main and splitter blades.15 分析上面的例子，surface 是一个 单数、可数、没有限定词的特定的单词， 因此要用 the 修饰。而 blades 是一个复 数、可数、没有特殊限定词、并且特定 的单词，因此也要用 the 修饰。 very long sentence 太长的句子不利于读者理解，应 该尽量分为多个句子。对于一些参数的 陈列，尽量使用列表或者整齐的子句。 Prefacing the main idea of a -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 3 sentence by stating the purpose,location or reason first 在句子的前面陈述目的、位 置、原因等，而不是陈述句子的主要含 义。这样减弱了句子的主旨，混淆了读 者的理解。 Incorrect For the application in automobile interiors, this paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturing. 5 Correct This paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturing for application in automobile interiors. Tendency of placing phrases which indicate time at the beginning of a sentence 倾向于把表示时间的短语放在 句首。这样是不自然的。 Incorrect When U is taken as the control parameter, the BDs for =0.0, 0.001, 0.005 are shown in Fig. 8. Correct Figure 8 shows the BDs for =0.0, 0.001, and 0.005 when U is taken -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 4 as the control parameter. Place the most important subject at the beginning of the sentence for emphasis 将最重要的主题放在句首以示重视。这 样的理解是错误的。 Incorrect Based on the triangulation structure built from unorganized points or a CAD model, the extended STL format is described in this section.4 Correct The extended STL format is described in this section based on the triangulationstructure built from unorganized points or a CAD model. “which/ that” Respectively and respective 1. Respectively is misplaced in the sentence; it is put before the nouns to which it refers. Incorrect Equations 26 can be respectively linearized as:13 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 5 Correct Equations 26 can be linearized as:, respectively. Incorrect The weights of the two experts are respectively 0.600 and 0.400.19 Correct The weights of the two experts are 0.600 and 0.400, respectively. 2. Respectively is inserted to express that there is a certain order in which something was done. However, the order is already implied elsewhere in the sentence or does not need to be expressed because it does not add value to meaning of the sentence. Incorrect If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck process are, respectively, below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if either is, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the core technology -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 6 and core quality are, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 3, otherwise, if either is, respectively, below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.19 Correct If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck process are below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if either is above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the core technology and core quality are above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 3, otherwise, if either is below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4. Respectively 通常出现在句子的 结尾，当两个或者更多的人或事被按照 一定的顺序提起或者指定时，使用 Respectively。它包含了一种顺序，这种 顺序可以是在前面提到的，也可以是被 读者领会到的。 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 7 例子： For example: Bobby, Nicole and Daren wore red, green and blue coats, respectively. List 1 List 2 Bobby wore a red coat. Nicole wore a green coat. Daren wore a blue coat. In this paper, in this study study 指作者做出的工作；paper 指作者表达工作的论文。不可混淆。 这两个短语最好只用在两个地方： 1. 介绍或者总结全文时； 2. 在文中，当指出了其他作者的 一些没有完成的工作之后，使用这两个 短语来描述自己的工作。 Numbers and Equations 阿拉伯数字不应该出现在句子的 开头，而应该使用英文单词。 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 8 Incorrect 12 parameters were selected for the experiment. Correct Twelve parameters were selected for the experiment. 阿拉伯数字被滥用，它们应该在 给出技术指标时使用，而不用来表示普 遍的信息。 不要在句子中使用符号或者表达 式，而应该以语言描述。 Incorrect If the power battery SOC SOClo and the driving torque belongs to the middle load, Correct If the power battery SOC is greater than SOClo and the driving torque belongs to the middle load, Format Paragraphs 分段的错误有两个：第一种是换 行但是没有缩进，所以让读者不知道这 是否是新的一段。 第二种是一段的最 前面是一个单行的句子，这个句子和这 一段同时都缩进了。 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 9 Figure and Table Figure 和 Table 的正确缩写分别 是 Fig.和 Tbl.。缩写不能出现在句首， 并且 Figure/Table 和数字之间必须有一 个空格。 Variables 变量必须使用斜体。 Capitals 大写字母不能出现在句中，只能 出现在句首。 such as and etc. such as 的含义和 for example 一 样；etc.的含义等于 and so on。它们如 果放在同一个句子里则是冗余的。 Such as 意味着后面跟随一个不 完整的列表，如果后面列出了所有的元 素，则不应使用 such as。 Incorrect Compared to traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabrication has three characteristics such as high complexity, high precision and h