本科论文模板-目录.doc

摘 要 对于文化印刷用纸，不透明度低将会导致出现透影、透印现象，影响使用。 在纸浆中加入碳酸钙或增加纸页的定量能提高纸的不透明度。近年来，随着对 节约能源的日益重视，印刷纸向轻定量化发展已成为时代的趋势，但由于碳酸 钙粒径、分布及在纸中的留着等原因，要达到一定的不透明度，往往需要比较 高的填料加入量及填料留着率才能保证纸张有预期的不透明性能。本文通过在 纤维表面进行碳酸钙改性，获得具有高光学性能的纳米化纤维。 纳米化纤维的研究与生产中，碳化反应工段是整个工艺过程的核心部分。 该过程工艺参数控制的好坏直接决定着纳米化纤维的性能。影响纳米化纤维的 主要因素有：反应的温度、co 2 流量、ca(oh) 2 的浓度、搅拌速度，通过对以 上影响因素的分析，本论文得出以下结论： 在 0.5%的浆浓下，随着反应温度的升高，改性纤维的吸附量是随着减少的； 随着 co2 流量的增加，改性纤维的吸附量是随着减少的；随着 ca(oh)2 浓度的 增加，纤维的吸附量也随着增加；随着搅拌速度的增加，纤维的吸附量是减少 的。 考虑到碳酸钙的颗粒大小及其它因素，确定比较合适的反应条件为：反应 温度为 15， co2 流量为 20l/h，ca(oh) 2 浓度为 1%，搅拌速度为 300rpm，改 性纤维的吸附量为 0.528g 左右。并将此条件下的改性纸浆纤维进行配抄，研究 其配抄后纸的白度、不透明度、紧度、撕裂度、耐破度、抗张强度的变化，得 到配抄比例为 10时，纸张的白度、不透明度是增加，撕裂度、紧度、抗张指 数均有所下降，耐破度基本不变。在相同的条件下，将配抄比例为 10%的纸与 加填填料为 20%的纸进行比较，发现改性纤维能提高纸页的性能，达到低灰分、 高不透明度的效果。 关键词：不透明度，温度，转速，流量，碳酸钙 abstract regarding the cultural printing paper, the low opacity will cause projection, penetrability phenomenon, and affect the use. it can enhance the paper the opacity by joining the calcium carbonate in the pulp or increasing paper basic weight. in recent years, along with paying more attention in saving the energy, the printing papers light quantitative development is the tendency. but because of the calcium carbonate particle size、the distribution and retention reasons, to achieve the certain opacity, usually needed high quantity of filler and retention rate can guarantee the paper anticipated opacity. this article carries out calcium carbonate modification on the surface of fiber, obtains high optical quality nanometer fiber. in the nanolyzed fiber research and production, the carbonization responded section is the core of entire technological process. this process craft parameter controls the quality of nanolyzed fiber performance directly. the influence primary factors include: response temperature, co2 current capacity, ca (oh) 2 density, stir speed, by analyzing the above affect factors, this paper draws the following conclusion: under 0.5% pulp density, along with reaction temperature elevating, the modified fiber adsorptive capacity reduced; along with the co2 current capacity increasing, the modified fiber adsorptive capacity reduced; along with ca (oh) 2 density increasing, fiber adsorptive capacity also increased; along with the stir speed increased, the fiber adsorptive capacity reduced. considered to the size of calcium carbonate pellet and other factors, the appropriate response condition is: the reaction temperature is 15 , the co2 current capacity is 20l/h, ca (oh) 2 density is 1%, the stirring rate is 300rpm, and the modified fiber adsorptive capacity is about 0.528g. and makes hand-sheet paper with modified fiber of that condition, studies of papers whiteness index、opacity index、bulk index、tear index、burst index、tensile index change. conclusion is while the proportion of modified fiber is 10%, whiteness index、opacity index increase, tear index、bulk index、tensile index reduce, burst index is basically invariable. under the same condition, compared 10% proportion modified fiber paper with 20% proportion filler ones, discovered that the modified fiber will be able to enhance the performance of paper, to achieve the low ash, the high opacity index. keywords: opacity index, temperature, stirring rate, current capacity, calcium carbonate 目 录 摘 要 i 第一章 前言 .1 1.1 研究的目的及意义 .1 1.2 纸的不透明度形成机理 1 1.3 纸张不透明度概念和表达方法 .1 1.4 影响纸不透明性的因素 2 1.4.1 纤维原料的影响 .2 1.4.2 填料的影响 .3 1.4.3 打浆的影响 .6 1.4.4 纸张的定量和厚度对不透明度的影响 .6 1.4.5 纸张的紧度对不透明度的影响 .7 1.5 国内外研究状况 .7 1.6 论文的主要内容 9 第二章 纤维表面碳酸钙改性 .11 2.1 引言 .11 2.2 实验原材料及方法 .11 2.2.1 实验前的准备 .11 2.2.2 实验原材料 .11 2.2.3 实验仪器 .11 2.2.4 实验工艺流程图 12 2.2.5 碳化反应说明 .12 2.2.6 实验结果及讨论 .12 2.3 实验小结 17 第三章 改性纤维的应