2011年中石油职称英语真题及答案解析 完整版.doc

石油系统职称英语复习 qq2716744692011年中石油职称英语真题及答案解析一：词汇题1.the speaker is the person who_a speech transaction.a.initial b.initiates c.initiatives d.initiation解析：选b。原文：the speaker is the person who initiates a speech transaction.出自：9、the art of public speaking 公共演讲的艺术2.never one to _ second best,john tried his best to solve the problem.a. admit b.acccpt c.convince d. receive解析：选b。原文：never one to accept second best,napoleon hired nicholas conte to solve the problem.出自：44.the versatile lead pencil 万能的铅笔3.if ou do not know the subjcct. you will not understand what issaid or written,even if english is your mother _, a. speaking b.language c. saying d.tongue解析：选d。mother language固定搭配，意为：母语mother language指的是国语，mother tongue指的是母语。假如你是美籍华人，国语是英语，母语是汉语。4.you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general on all great cities ofthe world. a. pillows b. pillarsc. columnsd. plugs解析：选b。原文：so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. 出自：29.civilization and history 文明和历史5.if you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not doctor.a. put off b.hold backc. put aside d. hold up解析：选a。出自模拟试题四词汇第19题。6. youll have to buy some new shoes as these are a. used up b. wasted away c. broken down d. worn out解析：选d。出自模拟试题三词汇第3题。7. a professional degree will an average annual income of about twice that of college graduates.a. feel like b. result in c. hold on d. keep to解析：选b。原文：a professional degree will result in an average annual income of about twice that of college graduates出自：45.becoming wealthy:its up to you 致富取决于你自己8.we go out for dinner a couple of times a month. sometimes we a movie.a. take in b. keep down c. take over d. take after解析：选a。原文：mom and i go out for dinner a couple of times a month. sometimes we take in a movie,but mostly we talk. 出自28. that other woman in my life 我生命中的“另一个女人9.the atlantic hydrographic chart is being continuously; even as we speaksubmarines are charting the arctic basin under the ice. a. rehearsed b. revised c. renewed d. retiled解析：选b。原文：the atlantic hydrographic chart is being revised continuously,and nuclear submarines are now charting the arctic basin under the ice。出自55.earths last frontier:the sea 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域10.the suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the of the customers. a. expanse b. spend c. warrant d. expense解析：选d。原文：their suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the expense of their customers-the addicts.出自45 becoming wealthy:its up to you 致富取决于你自己11. when all the present oilfields are . its is possible that the north pole may become the scene of oil activity.a. exhibited b. exhausted c. exploited d. exposed 解析：选b。原文：when all the present oilfields are exhausted,it is possible that this cold region may become the scene of oil activity.出自46.oil（油）12. personal worth and self-esteem is the basis of a good health a. physical b. mental c. practical d, natural解析：选b。原文：one of their chief obligations is to give their children a sense of personal worth of self-esteem is the basis of a good mental health.出自33.what do parents owe their children 父母欠子女什么？13.the modem 7-inch long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in a. gap b. interval c. length d. distance解析：选c。原文：the modern 7-inch long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in length。出自44.the versatile lead pencil 万能的铅笔14. a university is an educational institution which awards degrees and research. a. carries out b. carries off c. carries about d. carries for解析：选a。15. the captain of the ship the passengers that there was no danger. a. confined b. insisted c. ensured d. assured解析：选d。出自：2003年gct考试真题16. the suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the _ of the customers. a. expanse b. spend c. warrant d. expense解析：选d。原文：their suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the expense of their customers-the addicts.出自45.becoming wealthy:its up to you 致富取决于你自己。17. the man that most poets and scientists are male. a. deal with b. point out c. hold up d. hand on解析：选b。原文：if you are a man,you can point out that most poets and men of science are male;出自36.how to avoid foolish opinions 如何避免愚蠢的见解。18. whereas outside the usa, coke tends to be a young persons drink, inside the usa anybody of any age can drink it on any without embarrassment. a. choice b. occasion c. occupation d. occurrence解析：选b.原文：inside the usa anybody of any age or income can drink it without embarrassment on any occasion.出自16.the germanic languages日耳曼语系19. the waiters will refill your coffee cup several times for no extra a. expand b. offer c. price d. charge解析：选d。原文：one of the pleasantest things about waiters and waitresses is that they refill your coffee cup several times for no extra charge!出自17.how americans eat and drink 美国人的饮食20. that caves of altamira, which were _ in northern spain, contain interesting paintings by early cave dwellers.a. found b. invented c. discovered d. created解析：选c，以为发现。全局意思是：早西班牙北部阿尔塔米拉发现的洞穴，里面包含了早期穴居人画的画。二：语法21. i could see from his face that he bad news.a. had received b. receives c. received d. has received解析：选a。22. the peasants _ their land. a. deprived b. were deprivedc. deprived of d. were deprived of解析：选d。本句意思为：乡下人被夺去了土地。23. he failed his exam, _ proved that he wasnt working hard enough.a. what b. which c. this d. of which解析：选b。两个句子直接必须有and , 如果有and , c也正确。24. so frightened _ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch. a. was the girl b. the girl wasc. such a girl was d. that the girl was解析：选a。倒装句。25. an olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately _ from marathon to athens. a. the distance b. distancec. the distance is d. is the distance解析：a。此题为1995年6月四级第49题，全句的意思是：“奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26英里385码，约为从马拉松到雅典的距离”。 名词短语approximately the distance from marathon to athens用来进一步说明26 miles and 385 yards究竟有多长，在语法上叫作同位语。答案如果是b或d的话，则句子结构应该分别为：or is approximately the distance from marathon to athens和and the distance is approximately from marathon to athens。但本题中逗号之后并没有or或and之类连接词，因此后面不应当是一个句子形式。选项a) distance也不对，因为这里的distance后面有fromto作定语，是特指，前面要有定冠词。26. all flights _ because of the heavy storm, we decided to take the train. a. having canceled b. being canceledc. having been canceled d. canceled解析：c。本句意思为：由于这场暴风雨航班被取消了，我们决定坐火车。此处独立主格用作原因状语。因为flights是cancel的逻辑宾语，又置于cancel之前，因此cancel应用被动形式，而且航班的取消应发生在我们决定坐火车之前，所以用完成时态。因此c为正确选项。本题来自2009年gct考试英语模拟试题一27. he preferred not to with that group. a. identifying b. identify himselfc. identify d. being identified himself解析：选b。28. he speaks english, but not _ his sister does. a. as good as b. as well like c. so well as d. like well as解析：选c。修饰speak要用副词。well是副词。a not so/asas b意思是：a不如b。29. my grandma noticed that the girl _ a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl a new sweater. a. was worn b. was wearing c. wears d. wearing解析：选b。30. though in new york, peter had always preferred to record the plain facts of small town life.a. raised b. was raised c. raising d. raises解析：选a。表示被动。31. she walked softly _ make any noise.a. as to b. not to c. not so as to d. so as not to解析：选d。so as not to表示的意思是：以便不, 免得32. its no use me. i dont know more than you do. a. in asking b. asking c. for me to ask d. you ask解析：选b。固定搭配：no use doing33. weve bought a new house. well move in soon and we need to buy _ furniture. a. some other b. another c. other d. others解析:选a。34. please have your doctor _ that prescription. a. signed b. to sign c. signing d. sign 解析：选b。have sb doing 使某人做某事，表示事情还在进行当中；have sb done 使他被某人做某事，事情也已完成；have sb to do 使某人做某事，表示事情准备进行；have sth done 要完成某事，表某事已经完成或者可能完成。35. a biologist does not merely describe organisms, but tries to learn _ act as they do. a. what to cause them b. what cause to them c. what causes them to d. causes them to what 解析：选c。36. has he come back? . yes, he _ back for three days. a. has come b. had come c. is d. has been 解析：选d。37. ecology, ._ the relationships between organisms and their environments, is also important in petroleum geology. a. the study of b. it study c. that study d. studying解析：选a。ecology,原文是：the study of the relationship between living organisms and their environment,is also important in petroleum geology.出自32.petroleum geology and other sciences 石油地质学与其它科学38. if all the continents and mountains were bulldozed flat, the earth _ covered by water. a. would be b. would have been c. would had been d. would been解析：选a。原文是：if all the continents and mountains were bulldozed flat,the earth would be covered by water more than 12,000 feet deep.出自55.earths last frontier:the sea 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域39. those _ have six or more close friends are likely to describe themselves as very happy. a. who b. whose c. which d. they解析：选a。原文是those who have five or more close friends are 50 percent more likely to describe themselves as very happy.出自5.can money buy happiness 金钱能买到快乐？40. some habits of are incompatible with good health. a. my husband b. my husbands c. my husbands d. my husbands解析：选a。我丈夫的一些习惯就这么表示。等于some my husbands habits。而husbands是“丈夫们的”的意思。三：阅读（共30分，每题1.5分）1、出自2010年3月版学位英语第一单元阅读in 1939 two brothers, mac and dick mcdonald started a drive-in restaurant insan bernardino, california. they carefully chose a busy comer for their location.they had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecuerestaurant, then another driven-in, but in their new operation, they offered a new,shortened menu: french fries, hamburgers, and sodas. to this minimal selection theyadded one new concept: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. cheese was another four cents. theirfrench fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers haddeveloped a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on theircooks sticking to that routine. their new drive-in became incredibly popular,particularly for lunch. people drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime.the self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copiesof their restaurant to be opened. they were content with this modest success untilthey met ray kroc.kroc was a salesman who met the mcdonald brothers in 1954, when he wasselling milkshake-mixing machines. he quickly saw the unique appeal of thebrothers fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise other copies of theirrestaurants. the agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu, theequipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches.today mcdonalds is literally a household name. its names for its sandwicheshave come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day ray kroc watchedpeople rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. in 1976, mcdonalds had over $1billion in total sales. its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible successstories in modern american business history.中文意思：两兄弟在1939年，麦克和迪克麦当劳，开始驾车在圣贝纳迪诺，加州餐馆。他们小心地选择了他们的位置热闹的角落。他们多年运行自己的企业，首先是戏剧，然后一烧烤店，然后另一个驱动器项。但是，在他们的新业务，他们提供了一个新的，缩短菜单：炸薯条，汉堡包，和汽水。为此，他们将一小部分新概念：快速服务，没有侍者或服务员，也没有提示。他们的汉堡包售价为15美分。奶酪是另一个4美分。他们的薯条和汉堡包有一个显着的一致性，为兄弟已经制定了严格的例行准备食物，他们坚持自己的厨师坚持日常。他们的新的驱动器中成为非常流行，尤其是吃午饭。人们开车由数百个在繁忙的中午。自我服务的餐厅是如此受欢迎，两兄弟已经让他们的餐厅10份被打开。他们与这个小小的成功，内容，直到他们达到雷克罗克。克罗克是一个推销员谁会见了麦当劳兄弟于1954年，当他卖奶昔混合机器。他很快就看到了两兄弟的快餐店买了独特的吸引力和特许经营权的餐馆其他副本。该协议达成，包括有权重复的菜单，设备，甚至他们的红色和白色与金色拱门的建筑物。今天麦当劳确实是一个家喻户晓的名字。其三文治的名字来指汉堡包，因为几十年的一天雷克罗克看着人们匆忙了订购15美分的汉堡包。 1976年，麦当劳已超过1亿美元的总销售额。它的第一个22年是在现代美国商业史上最令人难以置信的成功故事之一。41. this passage mainly talks abort.a) the development of fast food servicesb)how mcdonalds became a billion-dollar businessc) the business careers of mac and dick mcdonaldd) ray krocs business talent这篇短文主要讲的是_。 c麦当劳的mac和dick两兄弟的经商生涯。42. we may infer from this passage that.a) mac and dick mcdonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to krocb)the location the mcdonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-inc) forty years ago there were numerous fast-food restaurantsd) ray kroc was a good businessman我们从这篇短文中可以知道_。 dray kroc是个优秀的商人43. the passage suggests that .a) creativity is an important element of business successb)ray kroc was the close partner of the mcdonald brothersc) mac and dick mcdonald became broken after they sold their ideas to ray krocd) california is the best place to go into business这篇短文建议我们要_。 a创新是经商成功的一个很重要的因素44. as used in para.3, the word franchise means _. a. to copy b. to grant a special right c. to deprive d. to follow the example解析：选b。中文意思是：经销权。2.出自课文 56.why antarctica is being explored 为什么要勘探南极洲。本文翻译省略。 45. unlike the north pole, the south pole is _.a. not fixed in one position b. the same as the south magnetic pole c. on land covered with ice d. on water 解析：选d。选与北极不同，那就只能是d了。46. the large area in the southern hemisphere is taken up by _. a. the major part of south america b. oceans c. australia d.africa 解析：选b。原文是这样说的“the globe shows that the entire southern hemisphere is preponderantly water-the widest parts of the atlantic and pacific,the unbroken sweep of antarctic seas circling the world.”意思是：地球仪显示，水在整个南半球占绝对优势-包括大西洋和太平洋最广阔的部分以及环抱地球的南极海洋。47. the makers of the antarctic treaty clearly wanted to _. a. prevent the russians from settling in antarctica b. prevent possession or control by any nation c. conserve its natural resources d. insure the safety of the natives of antarctica 解析：选b。48. land animals on the antarctic continent _. a. are insects only b. are relics of the prehistoric past c. are fur-bearing animals and cold-blooded d. exist only in the fossil state解析：选a。这题只能用排除法。b是史前遗迹；c是毛皮动物和冷血动物；d是化石。3课外文章from national to internationaldo you have what it takes?its our job to help you make that leap.the world is waiting. are you ready?is your small business ready to make that next step and expand abroad? a recent survey estimates that up to 40% of all small businesses are intending to do just that. is your business making up this 40%? making that move and expanding into the international market requires a different approach fi.om the one youre used to. on a national level, it is often enough to sell the right products at the right price. failure to adopt a different sales approach on the international market can often lead to failure as international customers expect different things. this is where we come in the right knowledge and the right preparation can make all the difference on the international level. the main aspects of the program we offer are: 1. how can weaknesses be identified and reduced? 2. how are cultural differences handled in the business world? 3. in-depth knowledge of district law, how does it help? 4. how can we target the right kind of international customers and how can we finance this bigger, more complicated international operation? 5. what can be done to create a foolproof business plan? cost of the course: $2,000 per person. if 4 or more people apply from the same company , then discounts can be arranged. course times can be changed to accommodate your employees schedule. this course is fully accredited by some top level colleges and universities. 49. who will most likely benefit from this course? a. anybody not interested in business administration b. a small international business manager c. an individual running a small company d. any owner of an international business hoping to go domestic 解析：选b。文中第一句“is your small business ready to make that next step and expand abroad?”可以得出b最恰当。50. what is not listed in the advertised program? a. how to pay the international workforce b. the best way to study international law c. cultural diversities that must be known exactly d. what we should learn from our deficiencies 解析：选a。在文中“the main aspects of the program we offer are:”后面那几条。51. why is there a danger of an international business failure? a. the price of shipping is too high. b. it takes too long to deliver products. c. the business owner cannot understand the local market. d. international customers do not speak the same language.解析：选c。文中“failure to adopt a different sales approach on the international market can often lead to failure as international customers expect different things.”可以得出。52. what is the main advantage of participating in this study program? a. international travel b. fixed schedule for the employees c. the availability of discounts of 20% d. credits that can be transferred to university courses解析：b。这道题有的人选d，我觉得还是选b比较合适。题目问主要的优势是什么？b是可以根据员工意愿安排进度。d的翻译是学分（信誉）转移到大学课程。而原文是这个课程被几个高水平的大学所认可。4. 出自课本11.smoking and cancer吸烟和癌翻译省略53. what can we mainly get from the passage? a. smoking is harmful to health. b. women smokers are healthier than