茶树花开发利用加工技术改进可行性研究报告.doc

sson 1 a private conversation 私人谈话last week i went to the theatre. i had a very good seat. the play was very interesting. i did not enjoy it. a young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. they were talking loudly. i got very angry. i could not hear the actors. i turned round. i looked at the man and the woman angrily. they did not pay any attention. in the end, i could not bear it. i turned round again. i cant hear a word! i said angrily. its none of your business, the young man said rudely. this is a private conversation!.lesson 2 breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？it was sunday. i never get up early on sundays. i sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.last sunday i got up very late. i looked out of the window. it was dark outside. what a day! i thought. its raining again. just then, the telephone rang. it was my aunt lucy. ive just arrived by train, she said. im coming to see you. but im still having breakfast, i said.what are you doing ? she asked. im having breakfast, i repeated.dear me, she said. do you always get up so late ? its one oclock!lesson 3 please send me a card 请给我寄一张明信片 postcards always spoil my holidays. last summer, i went to italy. i visited museums and sat in public gardens. a friendly waiter taught me a few words of italian. then he lent me a book. i read a few lines, but i did not understand a word. every day i thought about postcards. my holidays passed quickly, but i did not send any cards to my friends. on the last day i made a big decision. i got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. i spent the whole day in my room, but i did not write a single card !lesson 4 an exciting trip 激动人心的旅行i have just received a letter from my brother, tim. he is in australia. he has been there for six months. tim is an engineer. he is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in australia. he has just bought an australian car and has gone to alice springs, a small town in the centre of australia. he will soon visit darwin. from there, he will fly to perth. my brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.lesson 5 no wrong numbers 无错号之虞 mr james scott has a garage in silbury and now he has just bought another garage in pinhurst. pinhurst is only five miles from silbury, but mr scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from pinhurst to silbury. the bird covered the distance in three minutes. up to now, mr scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. in this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.lesson 6 percy buttons 珀西巴顿斯i have just moved to a house in bridge street. yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. he asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. in return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. i gave him a meal. he ate the food and drank the beer. then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. later a neighbour told me about him. everybody knows him. his name is percy buttons. he calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.lesson 7 too late 为时太晚 the plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. they were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from south africa. a few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. when the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the customs house. while two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. to their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!lesson 8 the best and the worst 最好的和最差的joe sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. nearly everybody enters for the nicest garden competition each year, but joe wins every time. bill friths garden is larger than joes. bill works harder than joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but joes garden is more interesting. he has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. i like gardens too, but i do not like hard work. every year i enter for the garden competition too, and i always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!lesson 9 a cold welcome 冷遇on wednesday evening, we went to the town hall. it was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the town hall clock. it would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. the big minute hand did not move. we waited and waited, but nothing happened. suddenly someone shouted, its two minutes past twelve! the clock has stopped! i looked at my watch. it was true. the big clock refused to welcome the new year. at that moment everybody began to laugh and sing.lesson 10 not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐we have an old musical instrument. it is called a clavichord(翼琴). it was made in germany in 1681. our clavichord is kept in the living-room. it has belong to our family for a long time. the instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. recently it was damaged by a visitor. she tried to play jazz on it! she struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. my father was shocked. now we are not allowed to touch it. it is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.lesson 11 one good turn deserves another 礼尚往来i was having dinner at a restaurant when harry steele came in. harry worked in a lawyers office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. he gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. harry saw me and came and sat at the same table. he has never borrowed money from me. while he was eating, i asked him to lend me &2. to my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. i have never borrowed any money from you, harry said, so now you can pay for my dinner!lesson 12 goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风our ncighbour, captain charles alison, will sail from portsmouth tomorrow. we shall meet him at the harbour early in the morning. he will be in his small boat, topsail.tapsail is a famous little boat. it has sailed across the atlantic many times. captain alison will set out at eight oclock so we shall have plenty of time. we shall see his boat and then we shall say good-bye to him. he will be away for two months. we are very proud of him. he will take part in an important race across the atlantic.lesson 13 the greenwood boys 绿林少年the greenwood boys are a group of popular singers. at present, they are visiting all parts of the country. they will be arriving here tomorrow. they will be coming by train and most of the youngpeople in the town will be meeting them at the station. tomorrow evening they will be singing at the workers club. the greenwood boys will be staying for five days. during this time, they will give five performances. as usual, the police will have a difficult time. they will be trying to keep order. it is always the same on these occasions.lesson 14 do you speak english? 你会讲英语吗？i had an amusing experience last year. after i had left a small village in the south of france, i drove on to the next town. on the way, a young man waved to me. i stopped and he asked me for a lift. as soon as he had got into the car, i said good morning to him in french and he replied in the same language. apart from a few words, i do not know any french at all. neither of us spoke during the journey. i had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, do you speak english? as i soon learnt, he was english himself!lesson 15 good news 佳音 the secretary told me that mr. harmsworth would see me. i felt very nervous when. i went into his office. he did not look up from his desk when i entered. after i had sat down, he said that business was very bad. he told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. twenty people had already left. i knew that my turn had come. mr. harmsworth, i said in a weak voice. dont interrupt, he said. then he smiled and told me i would receive an extra &100 a year!lesson 16 a polite request 彬彬有礼的要求if you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. you will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. however, this does not always happen. traffic police are sometimes very polite. during a holiday in sweden, i found this note on my car: sir, we welcome you to our city. this is a no parking area. you will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. this note is only a reminder. if you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!lesson 17 always young 青年常驻my aunt jennifer is an actress. she must be at least thirty-five years old. in spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. this time, she will be a girl of seventeen. in the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. if anyone ever asked her how old she is, she always answers, my dear, it must be terrible to be grown up!lesson18 he often does this! 他经常干这种事！after i had had lunch at a village inn, i looked for my bag. i had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasnt there ! as i was looking for it, the inn-keeper came in. did you have a good meal ? he asked. yes, thank you, i answered, but i cant pay the bill. i havent got my bag. the inn-keeper smiled and immediately went out. in a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. im very sorry, he said my dog had taken it into the garden. he often does this.lesson19 sold out 票已售完the play may begin at any moment, i said. it may have begun already, susan answered.i hurried to the ticket-office. may i have two tickets please ? i asked.im sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.what a pity! susan茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术可行性研究报告 目 录一、总论（一）申请项目概述（二）项目预期目标1、总体目标2、阶段目标3、资金投入及使用计划二、项目技术成果的先进性分析（一）简述（二）项目创新点（三）知识产权状况三、项目实施方案分析（一）项目的转化内容与技术路线论述（二）项目组织实施方案论述（三）项目产品市场调查与竞争能力预测（四）投资预算与资金筹措（五）项目实施风险评价（六）项目实施计划论述四、项目预期效益分析（一）成果转化目标分析（二）经济效益分析1、产品成本分析2、产品单位售价与盈利预测3、经济效益分析4、项目投资评价（三）社会效益、生态效益分析五、项目支撑条件分析（一）申报单位基本情况（二）单位转化能力论述（三）单位职工队伍情况（四）单位管理情况（五）单位财务经济状况（六）合作单位研发能力“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广可行性研究报告一、总 论（一）申请项目概述茶树是木本多年生、多次开花结果的植物，通常一株50公分以上的成龄茶树每年要生长2000多个叶芽 、萌发3000到4000个花芽。花芽生长消耗大量养份而影响茶叶产量，采摘茶树花避免了花芽与叶芽争肥，而且茶树花是一种天然保健原料，具有无需栽种培育且可再生、资源丰富的特点。茶树花的开发利用不仅解决了茶树营养生长与生殖生长的矛盾，使茶叶产量达到最大化，变废为宝，茶园的潜在资源得到充分利用，形成新的经济产业，而且茶树花进一步精加工开发可作为功能性原料添加到食品、饮料、日用化妆品、妇女儿童卫生用品等中，具有广阔的市场前景。经农业部茶叶质量监督检测中心测试，茶树花制品与茶叶的主要营养成份含量相近，且有的有益成份高于茶叶；其农残、重金属含量低于欧盟标准；“茶树花加工工艺”流程合理，其工艺按鲜花萎凋快速蒸杀高温脱水分筛烘焙摊凉低温干燥等工序加工成有型干花饮料。通过中国科学院上海科技查新咨询中心查新，茶树花的开发与深加工属国内首创。该技术列入2003年国家星火计划，拥有多个国家发明专利技术的科技成果，目前在产业发展中急需中试推广。本单位与中林绿源（北京）茶树花研究发展中心有2年的技术合作背景，通过本项目的实施将为开化乃至浙江茶叶产业的发展、壮大起到积极的推动、示范作用。它将带来良好的经济、社会、生态效益。（二）项目预期目标1、总体目标。通过项目实施，建立年加工能力达1000吨的茶树花加工车间，在全县8个茶叶重点乡镇建有加工车间，在18个乡镇建有鲜花收购点。培训采摘员工总人数约2000人，培训加工技术人员100人，技术覆盖全县26个乡镇的10万亩茶园。项目期生产茶树花800吨，实现利润648万元。产品通过中国农业科学院茶叶研究所有机茶研究与发展中心的的检测认证，达到茶树花q/jmch-001-2005的企业标准。（1）项目起止时间：2005年5月2007年5月（2）项目投资本项目总投资额为370万元。到项目申报时止，已完成投资110万元，需新增加投资260万元，其中申请浙江省农业科技成果转化资金30万元，县农业科技转化配套资金30万元，企业自筹资金200万元。（3）项目执行结束时达到的成果转化程度按茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术要求，生产的产品质量达到以下指标：茶树花干花的有效成份：蛋白质不低于16.7%，粗脂肪不低于0.126%，水浸出物43.4%，咖啡碱1.2%，茶多酚7.2%，氨基酸1.9%，茶多醣不低于4.5%，总醣不低于29%，水份10%，总灰分9%。重金属和农药残留量的指标符合欧盟要求，总体卫生指标符合食品安全要求。根据茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术要求，结合开化龙顶名茶的生产加工技术，开发茶树花茶“二合一”饮料新品种：龙顶茶树花（又称作龙凤茶）及其包装生产。利用最新的分离纯化工艺为核心的技术研制茶树花浓缩汁、速溶茶树花，生产与加工茶树花精粉；利用茶树花成份系统分离制备技术，提取茶树花天然活性物质，进一步提高加工水平。项目结束时，“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”成果得到全面转化应用。继而形成较为完好的开发模式和合作渠道，向全省进一步推广。（4）转化后可获得的经济、社会、生态效益经济效益茶树花属“变废为宝”的新开发产品，具有应用范围广、适应强、成本低、加工附加值高等特点，其经济效益非常显著。目前订单生产的茶树花干花每吨的销售价3万元。项目完成后，茶树花年产量达800吨，实现销售收入2400万元，利润648万元。社会效益茶树花期在秋季，正是农民秋收后的冬闲时节，为此可以解决大量从农田中走出来的闲置劳动力，是扩大农民就业、增加农民收入、发展农村经济的新项目。尤其，按专利技术操作采摘茶树花是一项易培训、易操作、劳动强度低的工作，适合不方便外出打工、闲赋在家的农村妇女和老年人，是解决农村弱势群体务工出路的理想选择。就消费者而言，由于茶树花的营养元素与茶叶一样，只是成份多少不同而已，这对于不习惯饮茶的女性最为适合，为广大消费者提供了新的保健饮品，满足了日益增长的生活需求。就茶产业而言，成龄茶园摘除茶树花后，可使茶叶增产25%以上，按目前开化县10万亩茶园平均产值（销售收入）计算，每亩通过茶叶增加收入300-500元。开发茶树花可大幅度提高茶叶的产量和品质，使茶园附加值提高，由此会进一步激发茶农的生产积极性，促进茶叶生产，壮大茶产业，这对于进一步打造“中国龙顶名茶之乡”、尽快把开化建设成为浙江省的茶叶强县有现实的社会意义。生态效益茶叶是生态与经济的最佳结合点，是实现“生态立县”发展战略的重要抓手和主攻方向，成片的茶园不仅能减少水土流失、涵养水源，而且同样具有植物所有的制造氧气、净化空气等功能。开化是全国生态示范区，发展茶园有利于继续保持良好的生态环境。茶树花在生产加工过程中，对水体、大气环境没有污染。同时，茶产业的直接受益主体是农民，由于生产茶树花大幅提高了茶园产出，帮助农民尽快致富，从而有利于改善农村的生活质量，在燃柴等方面减少对森林的依赖，有助于保护森林资源。2、阶段目标第一阶段：2005年5月2005年12月（1）完成项目启动的各项准备工作，包括加工车间、摊放场地、鲜花收购点的选址等；（2）在张湾乡、苏庄镇、长虹乡、池淮镇等4个重点产茶区建立技术培训点和加工车间；（3）完成采摘加工技术人员的培训。主要是以张湾乡及苏庄镇、长虹乡、池淮镇茶园所在村的采摘人员，计600人，加工技术50人；（4）加工车间厂房的配套建设、机器设备的安装与调试、附属设备（含仓库）的准备，每车间配套1台传动式汽热蒸花机，1台立式风选机，2台烘干机，共计4台传动式汽热蒸花机、4台立式风选机、8台烘干机；（5）产品包装的设计与印制等工作；（6）在技术方的培训指导下，加工产品。年生产茶树花200吨，创产值600万元，实现利润180万元。第二阶段：2006年1月2007年3月（1）继续扩大技术转化成果，完成以开化金茂茶场所属张湾乡茶园为中心逐步向全县各乡镇的技术辐射和产品回收；（2）在城关镇、华埠镇、杨林镇、桐村镇等4个重点产茶区建立技术培训点和加工车间；配套机器设备：4台传动式汽热蒸花机、4台立式风选机、8台烘干机；（3）在音坑乡、中村乡、林山乡、金村乡、菖蒲乡、马金镇、何田乡、齐溪镇、霞山乡、塘坞乡、村头镇、芳林乡、大溪边乡、黄谷乡、底本乡、星口乡、青阳乡、封家镇等18个乡镇建立鲜花回收站；（4）项目完成后，年生产、回收茶树花600吨，创产值1800多万元，实现利润540万元。第三阶段：2007年4月2007年5月（1）规划新建5个乡镇的加工车间；（2）完善茶树花采摘、加工技术操作规程和质量标准；（3）项目课题总结、验收；（4）项目验收鉴定。3、资金投入计划项目计划总投资370万元。目前已完成投资110万元，需追加投资260万元，其中申请浙江省农业科技成果转化资金30万元，地方配套30万元，企业自筹资金200万元。表1：企业自筹资金投入计划及到位渠道时 间金额（万元）到位渠道2005年5月2005年8月602003-2004年企业积累2005年9月2005年12月502005年企业积累2006年1月2006年8月502006年企业积累2007年1月2007年3月402007年企业积累二、项目技术成果的先进性分析（一）简述目前国外还没有茶树花方面的研发，国内对茶树花开发利用工作非常重视，最近回良玉副总理还专门批示，指示举办全国性的研讨活动，以使茶树花的研发朝深度、广度领域迈进。茶树花鲜花含有少量的毒素和有害微生物，但通过技术加工后各项质量指标完全符合食品要求。主要的技术质量指标如下表：茶树花干花的技术质量指标对比指标类别项目现有技术质量指标项目完成时计划技术质量指标有效成份蛋白质不低于13.3%，粗脂肪不低于0.126%，水浸出物39.4%，咖啡碱1.2%，茶多酚7.2%，氨基酸1.6%，茶多醣不低于4.4%，总醣不低于29%，水份12%，总灰分9%。蛋白质不低于16.7%，粗脂肪不低于0.126%，水浸出物43.4%，咖啡碱1.2%，茶多酚7.2%，氨基酸1.9%，茶多醣不低于4.5%，总醣不低于29%，水份10%，总灰分9%。农药残留符合食品要求符合欧盟要求重金属符合食品要求符合欧盟要求应用安全应用在饮料等食品行业应用在医药等行业茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术的先进性不仅体现在技术质量层面，而且还反映在产业以及社会、历史等更深的层面。我国是茶叶的发祥地，是茶叶的故乡。千百年来，世代产茶、饮茶、事茶，孕育了巨大的茶产业，蕴藏着丰富的茶文化，特别是近年以来通过科学技术对茶叶的研究，发现茶叶具有良好的保健功能，尤其是有抗氧化功能，在防癌抗癌等前沿有巨大的前景，这为茶产业的发展注入了新的动力。但是我们也必须看到，千百年来茶叶生产品种单一，生产领域注重茶叶加工，忽视了茶树其他成份的利用。实施”茶树花加工工艺技术”推广及其产业化项目，就是要利用茶树花与茶叶一样的保健功能，开发茶饮料业中的新品种，这无论是对于发展我国的茶产业，还是引领茶叶故国的先进性，都具有积极的现实意义和深远的历史意义。1、实施“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广项目是丰富饮料品种，满足人民健康生活的需要。茶是世界三大无酒精饮料之一，地球上12的人们在饮茶，而所有这些仅茶而已。是近年来以中林绿源（北京）茶树花研究发展中心徐纪英等一批专家首先发现了茶树不仅芽叶可用，花也可用，而且花与叶的利用价值一样。研究表明，作为茶树的胎盘茶树花具有二大利用价值，一是茶树花的营养保健价值与茶叶一样，经国家权威部门多次化验、鉴定：茶树花内含多种有效成份和活性物质，如：茶多糖、茶多酚、蛋白质、维生素、氨基酸和超氧化物歧化酶（sod）等多种对人体有益成份，这些成份对人体具有：解毒、抑菌、降脂、降糖、延缓衰老、抗癌抑癌、滋补、壮体、养容养颜等功效。据测定，茶树花中的茶花粉具有高蛋白、低脂肪的特点，其蛋白质含量为29.18%，脂肪含量为2.34%，还原糖含量为27.72%；维生素a、维生素d、维生素b2等多种维生素含量丰富；具有人体“清道夫”之称的超氧化物歧化酶（sod）和过氧化氢酶（cat）的活性也高，分别为203.80u/g和321.90u/g；茶花粉中必需氨基酸配比均接近或超过1997年fao/who颁布的标准模式值，证明其蛋白质质量很高，是一种优良的蛋白质营养源；其氨基酸种类齐全，脯氨酸含量很高，水解必需氨基酸和游离氨基酸的总量均高于其他天然花粉，是天然氨基酸的优质来源；其微量元素锌、铁、钙、镁、铜、锰、钾、钠8种元素的含量都比较高。尤其是黄酮类含量高，鉴于黄酮类物质对氧自由基致红细胞氧化损伤有保护作用，这是茶树花抗氧化功能的主要物质，因此茶树花有抗衰老、保护机体免受外源自由基损伤的作用机理。以上是茶树花特有的成份和作用，茶树花与茶叶比较同样具有的有效成份为：茶多酚13.02%、氨基酸2.84%、咖啡碱2.59%、蛋白质27.46%、儿茶素总量63.42mg/g、总糖38.47%。除糖比茶叶偏高之外，其他成份相近。二是茶树花应用安全指标符合国内及欧盟国家的标准。经农业部茶叶质量监督检验测试中心多次检测，茶树花不含六六六、滴滴涕、三氯杀螨醇、氰戊菊脂、氯氰菊脂、联苯菊脂、溴氰菊脂、乙酰甲胺磷、甲胺磷、敌敌畏、乐果、杀螟硫磷、喹硫磷等农药残留物。这是因为茶树为了保持生殖生长不受影响而具有的特性，所以说茶树花是最为生态的农产品。茶树花应用安全指标符合国内及欧盟国家的标准，决定了茶树花比现在流行在市场上的玫瑰花茶等花茶更安全、更有效，更可广泛应用在要求极高的医药行业。开发茶树花既为我们提供了新的饮料品种，又为我们提供了现代生活所需要的保健品。一方面由茶树花的功效价值决定了她的保健作用，尤其解毒、降脂、降糖功效，有减肥、减脂作用，适宜于女士养容美容，因此茶树花二合一饮料即“龙凤茶”方便适用，丰富了茶族新品种。在茶园管理和茶叶生产中，自古以来茶树花都是让其自生自灭的，本项目将废弃在茶园里自生自灭的原料为人们所用，这就是变废为宝。随着新技术的推广，茶树花还可进入医药保健行业、食品饮料行业、日用化工行业、妇女儿童卫生用品行业、纺织化工行业、洗浴用品行业，市场需求量大面广，开发前景诱人。2、实施“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广项目是提高茶叶产量的需要。实施本项目可提高茶叶产量是由茶树自身生长的机理决定的。任何植物都有二种生长方式，即：营养生长和生殖生长。茶树从根系吸收水分与营养，从叶片光合作用制造营养物质，都是供长叶、长枝（营养生长）和开花结果（生殖生长）为目的的。对单株茶树来说，一定的营养成份既要分配给叶、枝，又要分配给花、果，无疑营养生长与生殖生长都要争夺营养成份，据用同位素标记试验，茶树内光合产物有46.8%供给花、果，如果我们开发茶树花，将茶树花采下来停止茶树的生殖生长，那么营养生长的营养多了，多长叶了，茶叶产量就高了。因此，本项目的实施对茶产业是利好，利好因素是能促进茶叶的生产，对增加名茶的产量有促进作用。这就是趋利避害。据试验，成龄茶园当年摘除茶树花后，可使茶叶增产25%以上。本项目无论是对茶叶生产者还是茶树花消费者都有好处。3、实施“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广项目是市场的需要。中国扶贫基金会会长、著名专家王郁昭先生称：“茶树花资源开发利用是茶叶产业的一项新的重大发现。”茶树花的开发是近年来引起重视的，目前全国的产量仅300多吨，市场呈供不应求态势。4、实施“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广项目是发展区域特色经济的需要。浙江省是区域块状经济的“摇篮”，全省产值超亿元的各类块状经济有500多处，经济总量达5990亿元以上（2003年统计）。开化县是龙顶名茶的故乡，所产的开化龙顶茶享誉国内外，开化龙顶茶产业也是开化县最大的特色经济产业，而茶树花产业是一个新兴的产业，目前在浙江省内乃至全国仍没有成为特色经济产业。但是把茶树花做成开化县乃至浙江省的区域特色经济产业是有基础条件的。一是资源丰富。凡成龄茶树都有茶树花。现在全国各地的茶园基本上都是成龄茶园，这是因为全国的茶叶生产自80年代以来都在大面积推广无性系良种茶树，由于无性系茶树是通过扦插方式进行无性系繁育而来的，对无性系繁育来说，扦插的插穗都是成龄茶树的枝条，其所繁育的小苗那怕再小其生理年龄也都是成龄，都要开花结果。而80年代以前靠播种等有性繁育的茶树如今已都成龄，应当说现在的茶园都是成龄茶园，都有茶树花，即使小茶苗也开花，因此资源相当丰富。据资料，全国茶园可采茶树花的面积为1600万亩，茶树花鲜花理论产量达224万吨，可加工成品干花原料32万吨，按照目前每吨3万元的订单收购价格计算，全国茶园茶树花的年产值可达96亿元，与全国名优绿茶91.45亿元的产值相近，8000万茶农人均100元。浙江省茶园面积近230万亩，茶树花鲜花理论产量达32万吨，可加工成品干花原料4.5万吨，按照目前每吨3万元的订单收购价格计算，全省茶园茶树花的年产值可达13.5亿元。开化县茶园面积近10 万亩，茶树花鲜花理论产量达1.4万吨，可加工成品干花原料2000吨，实际可产干花1000吨，按照目前每吨3万元的订单收购价格计算，全县茶园茶树花的年产值可达0.3亿元，占名茶产业总值的17.2%。以上三组数据可说明，茶树花资源丰富，开发潜力巨大。二是经济效益好。茶树花开发的经济效益有直接经济效益与间接经济效益二大部分。直接经济效益为茶树花的直接销售收入（如上三组数据），间接经济效益为通过采摘茶树花促进茶叶增产的效益。据测定，成龄茶园采摘茶树花后能使茶园第二年茶叶增产提质25%以上。这对于巩固以开化龙顶茶为主的区域特色经济和打造茶树花产业都有好处。5、实施“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广项目是转变茶叶经济乃至农村经济增长方式的需要。开发茶树花有助于转变茶叶经济的增长方式，使得茶叶经济呈多成份、多种类协调增长。具体的增长率，就开化县来测算，每年茶树花的直接销售收入是0.3亿元，加上间接经济效益产生的0.3亿元，理论上可增加0.6亿元，占2004年全县茶产业总值的21.9%，即通过开发茶树花可使茶叶产业总值增加21.9%，也就是说对增加茶叶经济的贡献率近1/3。这对一个以茶为主导产业的相对欠发达地区来说是不小的增长点。开化县全县辖10个镇、16个乡，449个行政村，全县总人口34.17万人，其中农业人口30.10万人。2004年，全县农村经济总收入31亿，其中农业总产值4.3385亿元，外出打工净收入为3.9516亿元，分别占14%和12.7%，人均可支配收入2913元。因此开化的县情是以农业为主的相对欠发达地区，开发茶树花可以增加农民收入的渠道，实现农村经济的平稳增长。6、实施“茶树花开发利用加工工艺技术”中试及推广项目是山区农民脱贫致富的需要。开化县县域总面积2236平方公里，大部分是山区，素有“九山半水半分田”之称，人多地少，人均占有耕地不足1亩，剩余劳力多，粮食安全系数低，2004年外出务工人口达8万人。开发茶树花对人多地少的开化来说有二大好处：一是增加收入。以0.3亿元茶树花销售收入计算，3