【英语学习】句子种类ppt模版课件

英语句子种类英语句子种类 1 1 简单句简单句 2 2 并列句并列句 3 3 复合句复合句 4 4 并列复合句并列复合句 一一 什么是简单句什么是简单句 只有一个主语只有一个主语( (或并列主语和或并列主语和) )和一个谓语和一个谓语( (或并列谓语或并列谓语) )的的 句子叫简单句句子叫简单句. .例如例如: : 1) 1) We We learn learn English .English .我们学英语我们学英语.( .(一个主语和一个谓语一个主语和一个谓语 ) ) 2) 2) Both Xiao hang and Wang Both Xiao hang and Wang areare from Beijing. from Beijing.小张和小张和 小王都是北京人小王都是北京人.( .(一个并列主语和一个谓语一个并列主语和一个谓语). ). 3) 3) HeHe once once lived and workedlived and worked here. here.他曾经在这里居住和他曾经在这里居住和 工作过工作过. .【一个主语和一个并列谓语一个主语和一个并列谓语】 4)4)My father and motherMy father and mother gogo to work at seven in the to work at seven in the morning and morning and come come back home at eight in the back home at eight in the evening.evening.我父母早上七点上班，晚上八点回家。（一个我父母早上七点上班，晚上八点回家。（一个 并列主语和一个并列谓语）。并列主语和一个并列谓语）。 二二 简单句五种基本句型简单句五种基本句型 和句子成分和句子成分 基本句型基本句型( (一一) ) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (意义完全的不及物意义完全的不及物 动词动词) ) 1.Time flies. 1.Time flies. 时光飞逝时光飞逝. . 2.Class begins. 2.Class begins. 上课了上课了. . 3.Spring has come. 3.Spring has come. 春天到了春天到了. . 4.The birds are singing. 4.The birds are singing. 鸟儿在歌唱鸟儿在歌唱. . 5.Everybody laughed. 5.Everybody laughed. 大家都笑了大家都笑了. . 6.Fish swim. 6.Fish swim. 鱼会游鱼会游. . 7.The medicine worked. 7.The medicine worked. 那药奏效了那药奏效了. . 基本句型基本句型( (二二) ) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (不完全的不及物动词不完全的不及物动词, ,即即 联系动词联系动词+ +表语表语) ) 1.This is our classroom. 1.This is our classroom. 这是我们的教室这是我们的教室. . 2.It is bright and clean. 2.It is bright and clean. 它明亮又清洁它明亮又清洁. . 3.My parents are both teachers. 3.My parents are both teachers. 我的父母都是教我的父母都是教 师师. . 4.The story is very instructive. 4.The story is very instructive. 这故事很有教育意这故事很有教育意 义义. . 5.School is over. 5.School is over. 放学了放学了. . 6.We were all out. 6.We were all out. 我们都外出了我们都外出了. . 7.Tom looks young. 7.Tom looks young. 汤姆显得年轻汤姆显得年轻. . 8. You seem tired. 8. You seem tired. 你好像累了你好像累了. . 9. I feel quite comfortable. 9. I feel quite comfortable. 我觉得很舒服我觉得很舒服. . 10. The weather is keeping fine.10. The weather is keeping fine.天气一天气一 直是晴朗直是晴朗 的的. . 11.He remained silent. 11.He remained silent. 他依然保持沉默他依然保持沉默. . 12.The days are getting longer and longer.12.The days are getting longer and longer.白天越白天越 来越长了来越长了. . 13.The trees are turning green. 13.The trees are turning green. 树木在转青树木在转青. . 14.You have grown so tall.14.You have grown so tall.你长得很高了你长得很高了. . 15.Little 15.Little GauseGause became a great scientist. became a great scientist.小高斯成小高斯成 了大科学家了大科学家. . 基本句型基本句型( (三三) ) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词, ,接上宾语意义接上宾语意义 即完全即完全)+)+宾语宾语 1. I am learning English. 1. I am learning English. 我在学英语我在学英语. . 2. My sister prepares her lessons after 2. My sister prepares her lessons after supper.supper.我妹妹在晚餐后准备功课我妹妹在晚餐后准备功课. . 3. She plays the piano beautifully.3. She plays the piano beautifully.她的钢琴她的钢琴 弹得极好弹得极好. . 4. The children watch TV in the evening.4. The children watch TV in the evening.孩孩 子们晚上看电视子们晚上看电视. . 5. I planted some flowers in the garden.5. I planted some flowers in the garden.我在我在 花园里种了一些花花园里种了一些花. . 6. The girls are picking cotton in the fields.6. The girls are picking cotton in the fields. 女孩子们在田地里摘棉花女孩子们在田地里摘棉花. . 7. We invited some foreign friends to the show.7. We invited some foreign friends to the show. 我们邀请了一些外宾去看戏我们邀请了一些外宾去看戏. . 8. The French wanted some medicine for his 8. The French wanted some medicine for his cough. cough. 那法国人要点咳嗽的药那法国人要点咳嗽的药. . 9. I met Tom and Peter in the park.9. I met Tom and Peter in the park. 我在公园遇见汤姆我在公园遇见汤姆. . 基本句型基本句型( (四四) ) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词, ,接上宾语意义接上宾语意义 还不完全还不完全)+)+宾语宾语+ +宾语补足语宾语补足语 1.We call 1.We call himhim TomTom. . 我们叫他汤姆我们叫他汤姆. . 2.The news made 2.The news made meme happyhappy. .这消息使得我高兴这消息使得我高兴. . 3. We elected 3. We elected Li MingLi Ming monitormonitor. .我选举李明为班长我选举李明为班长. . 4. We always keep 4. We always keep our classroomour classroom cleanclean. .我们经常我们经常 保持教室的清洁保持教室的清洁. . 5. His father named5. His father named him him PeterPeter. .他的父亲给他取名他的父亲给他取名 为彼得为彼得. . 6.I found 6.I found himhim honesthonest. .我发现他为人诚实我发现他为人诚实. . 7. We all thought 7. We all thought herher so nice and sincereso nice and sincere. . 我们觉得她和善诚恳我们觉得她和善诚恳. . 8. The workers are paining 8. The workers are paining the wallthe wall whitewhite. . 工人们正在把墙刷白工人们正在把墙刷白. . 9. She has got 9. She has got suppersupper readyready. . 她已经把晚餐准备好了她已经把晚餐准备好了 10 Let 10 Let me me help youhelp you. . 11 She asked 11 She asked meme to come early to come early the next the next day.day. 12 I saw 12 I saw themthem playing football playing football on the on the playground.playground. 13 I had 13 I had my bikemy bike repairedrepaired yesterday. yesterday. 基本句型基本句型( (五五) ) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词, ,要求两种宾语要求两种宾语 )+)+间接宾语间接宾语+ +直接宾语直接宾语 1. I gave 1. I gave himhim a pena pen. . 我给他一支钢笔我给他一支钢笔. . 2. Mother made 2. Mother made meme a coata coat. .妈妈给我做件上衣妈妈给我做件上衣. . 3. I wrote 3. I wrote my brothermy brother a lettera letter yesterday. yesterday. 昨天我给哥哥写了一封信昨天我给哥哥写了一封信. . 4. I will bring 4. I will bring you you the magazinethe magazine tomorrow. tomorrow. 明天我将把那本杂志带给你明天我将把那本杂志带给你. . 5. Father will buy 5. Father will buy me me a bikea bike. . 爸爸将给我买部自行车爸爸将给我买部自行车. . 6.Tom showed6.Tom showed me me the photograph of his the photograph of his familyfamily. . 汤姆拿他的家人合影给出我看汤姆拿他的家人合影给出我看. . 7. My sister sent 7. My sister sent me me these picturethese picture from from Beijing.Beijing.我姐姐从北京把这些照片寄给我我姐姐从北京把这些照片寄给我. . 8.Outdoor exercises will do 8.Outdoor exercises will do youyou much much goodgood. . 户外运动对你有许多好处户外运动对你有许多好处. . 9. I wish 9. I wish youyou successsuccess. . 祝你成功祝你成功. . 练习：用括号内的符号标出下列句练习：用括号内的符号标出下列句 子的主语（子的主语（=)=)谓语（谓语（_ _），宾语（），宾语（ ）表语（）表语（) )状语（状语（）和补语（）和补语（ ）和定语（）和定语（ ） 1) I saw your uncle in the shop yesterday.1) I saw your uncle in the shop yesterday. 2) His little brother will be seven next year .2) His little brother will be seven next year . 3) The letter is from her son.3) The letter is from her son. 4) Who (whom) are you looking for?4) Who (whom) are you looking for? 5) Have you ever been to Shanghai?5) Have you ever been to Shanghai? 6) Her father become a Party member in1950.6) Her father become a Party member in1950. 7) I usually have my breakfast at six in the morning.7) I usually have my breakfast at six in the morning. 8) will you do me a 8) will you do me a favourfavour? ? 9) Sports do us a lot of good.9) Sports do us a lot of good. 10) Mr. Hopkins teaches Mary English.10) Mr. Hopkins teaches Mary English. 11) I bought him a dictionary yesterday.11) I bought him a dictionary yesterday. 12) Why do we suffer so much?12) Why do we suffer so much? 13) What do you want to do?13) What do you want to do? 14) She showed me a picture book.14) She showed me a picture book. 15) Someone is knocking at the door.15) Someone is knocking at the door. 16) Have you finished your homework?16) Have you finished your homework? 17) When do you usually get up? 17) When do you usually get up? 18) How did he know it ?18) How did he know it ? 19) Where is he going?19) Where is he going? 20) Which season do you like better, spring or 20) Which season do you like better, spring or summer?summer? 二二 并列句并列句 用并列连接词连接起来的两个句子或以上用并列连接词连接起来的两个句子或以上 简单句叫做并列句简单句叫做并列句. . 并列句的构成并列句的构成: :简单句简单句+ +连接词连接词+ +简单句简单句 连接并列句常用的连接词有连接并列句常用的连接词有: :and, but , or, soand, but , or, so not onlybut also, however, not onlybut also, however, neithernor, eitheror, still neithernor, eitheror, still 等。例如：等。例如： (1(1）I help her I help her andand she helps me. she helps me.我帮她我帮她, ,她她 帮我帮我. . (2) He is very old (2) He is very old butbut he is in god health. he is in god health.他他 年纪很大了年纪很大了, ,但他身体很好但他身体很好. . (3)we must hurry, (3)we must hurry, oror well be late. well be late.我们得快我们得快 走了走了, , 不然就晚了不然就晚了. . (4) I am tried, (4) I am tried, soso I have to go to bed. I have to go to bed. 三三 复合句复合句 一个句子中的某一成分（主语，宾语，表一个句子中的某一成分（主语，宾语，表 语，同位语，定语，状语）由另一个句子语，同位语，定语，状语）由另一个句子 担任时，我们把这整个句子叫复合句。其担任时，我们把这整个句子叫复合句。其 中担任某一成分的句子叫从句，从句所处中担任某一成分的句子叫从句，从句所处 的句子叫主句。担任什么成分就叫什么从的句子叫主句。担任什么成分就叫什么从 句。从句可分成两大类：句。从句可分成两大类： （一）名词性从句（一）名词性从句 1 1 主语从句主语从句 That he went abroad That he went abroad is known to all.is known to all. 2 2 宾语从句宾语从句 I do not know I do not know when he will comewhen he will come. . 3 3 表语从句表语从句 My question is My question is when we shall leavwhen we shall leave.e. 4 4 同位语从句同位语从句 Have you heard the news Have you heard the news that he diedthat he died. . （二）形容词性从句（二）形容词性从句 1 1 定语从句定语从句 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 This is my friend This is my friend who is a teacherwho is a teacher. . 2 2 状语从句状语从句 时间，地点，原因，结果，方式，伴随时间，地点，原因，结果，方式，伴随 ，让步，比较，让步，比较 Though he is youngThough he is young, he is clever., he is clever. (4) This girl did her work carefully, (4) This girl did her work carefully, so so she she never made any mistake.never made any mistake.这个姑娘工作认这个姑娘工作认 真真, ,从不出差错。从不出差错。 (5) Wang Hong (5) Wang Hong not onlynot only wrote to me last wrote to me last week week butbut alsoalso came to see me came to see me yesterday.yesterday. (6) (6) NeitherNeither could theory do without could theory do without practi-practi- cece , ,nornor do practice without theory. do practice without theory. 理论没理论没 有实践不行有实践不行, ,实践没有理论也不行。实践没有理论也不行。 (7) (7) Either Either he is to blame he is to blame oror I am . I am .不是他该不是他该 受责备受责备, ,就是我该受到责备。就是我该受到责备。 练一练练一练: :一一 仿照句子示例用连接词仿照句子示例用连接词 but but 和括号内的词完成下列句子和括号内的词完成下列句子 示例：示例：Shes been in the shop for ages. Shes been in the shop for ages. (she, buy anything)(she, buy anything) Shes been in the shop for ages, but she Shes been in the shop for ages, but she hasnt bought anything.hasnt bought anything. 1) Ive written to them three times. (they, 1) Ive written to them three times. (they, reply)reply) Ive written to them three times, but they Ive written to them three times, but they havent replied.havent replied. 2 )Ive asked you again and again. (you 2 )Ive asked you again and again. (you do it)do it) Ive asked you again and again, but you Ive asked you again and again, but you havent done it.havent done it. 3) Shes sent him three letters. (he, write3) Shes sent him three letters. (he, write Back) Back) Shes sent him three letters, but he Shes sent him three letters, but he hasnt written back.hasnt written back. 4)I lent him ten pounds last month. (he, 4)I lent him ten pounds last month. (he, pay me back)pay me back) I lent him ten pounds last month, but I I lent him ten pounds last month, but I havent used them all.havent used them all. 5) I bought ten notebooks last term. (I 5) I bought ten notebooks last term. (I use them all)use them all) I bought ten notebooks last term, but I I bought ten notebooks last term, but I havent used them all.havent used them all. 二二 用连接词用连接词andand将下列简单句将下列简单句 合并成列句合并成列句 1 1）He has gone away. Hes not back yet.He has gone away. Hes not back yet. He has gone away and hes not back yet. He has gone away and hes not back yet. 2)she has laid the table. Dinner is ready now.2)she has laid the table. Dinner is ready now. She has laid the table and dinner is ready now She has laid the table and dinner is ready now . . 3) She has torn her dress. Theres a hole in it 3) She has torn her dress. Theres a hole in it now.now. She has torn her dress and theres a hole in it She has torn her dress and theres a hole in it now.now. 4)I have done three exercise. Here they 4)I have done three exercise. Here they are.are. I have done three exercise and here they I have done three exercise and here they are.are. 5)He has mended his jacket. Its all right 5)He has mended his jacket. Its all right now.now. He has mended his jacket and its all He has mended his jacket and its all right it now.right it now. 三三 仿照示例用连接词仿照示例用连接词soso和括号内和括号内 的词完成下列句子的词完成下列句子 示例：示例：He hasnt any moneyHe hasnt any money。（。（I I ，lend him somelend him some） He hasnt any moneyHe hasnt any money， so I am going to lend him so I am going to lend him somesome。 1 1）He cant understand this letter. (I ,translate it )He cant understand this letter. (I ,translate it ) He cant understand this letter, so I am going to He cant understand this letter, so I am going to translate it.translate it. 2)Youve forgotten to post this letter. (I ,post it for you)2)Youve forgotten to post this letter. (I ,post it for you) Youve forgotten to post this letter, so I am going to Youve forgotten to post this letter, so I am going to post it for you.post it for you. 3)The cakes finished. (I , have a biscuit.)3)The cakes finished. (I , have a biscuit.) The cake is finished, so I am going to The cake is finished, so I am going to have a biscuit.have a biscuit. 4)Professor Zhang is very busy today. 4)Professor Zhang is very busy today. (Peter, not see him tonight)(Peter, not see him tonight) Professor Zhang is very busy today , so Professor Zhang is very busy today , so Peter is not going to see him tonight. Peter is not going to see him tonight. 5) The sun is setting in her eyes. (she, 5) The sun is setting in her eyes. (she, pull the curtain.)pull the curtain.) The sun is setting in her eyes, so she is The sun is setting in her eyes, so she is going to pull the curtain.going to pull the curtain. 四四 用连接词用连接词oror将下列简单句将下列简单句 合并成并列句合并成并列句 1 1）Hurry up. Well be late.Hurry up. Well be late. Hurry up or well be late.Hurry up or well be late. 2) We must help him with his lessons. If 2) We must help him with his lessons. If we dont, he will not be able to we dont, he will not be able to accomplish the work.accomplish the work. We must help him with his lessons or he We must help him with his lessons or he wont be able to accomplish the work.wont be able to accomplish the work. 3)Give him support. If you dont, he wont 3)Give him support. If you dont, he wont be able to accomplish the work.be able to accomplish the work. Give him support or he wont be able to Give him support or he wont be able to accomplish the work.accomplish the work. 4)Do you understand? Is the point still not 4)Do you understand? Is the point still not clear.clear. Do you understand , or is the point still not Do you understand , or is the point still not clear?clear? 5)Will you stay with us? If you dont , will 5)Will you stay with us? If you dont , will you leave at once?you leave at once? Will you stay with us or leave at once?Will you stay with us or leave at once? 五五 将下列句子译成英语将下列句子译成英语 1 1）我去过南京，但我父母没有去过。）我去过南京，但我父母没有去过。 I have been to Nanjing but my parents I have been to Nanjing but my parents haventhavent。 我们大家都很累，但情绪很高。我们大家都很累，但情绪很高。 All of us are very tied but we are in high All of us are very tied but we are in high spiritsspirits。 3 3）你最好穿上雨衣，否则会淋湿的。）你最好穿上雨衣，否则会淋湿的。 Youd better put on your raincoat or youll Youd better put on your raincoat or youll get wet.get wet. 4)4)水不仅是世界上最普通的液体水不仅是世界上最普通的液体, ,也是最重也是最重 要的液体要的液体. . Water is not only the most common liquid Water is not only the most common liquid