中考英语语法之时态及相应练习题.doc

专题六 时态 一、 一般现在时1.概念与用法： a. 表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等。i like reading.the earth goes around the sun.b. “主将从现” 主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。if he comes tomorrow, ill come too.c. 在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。例如： there goes the bell.there comes the bus.here she comes. 2. 关键词: sometimes=at times，often, usually, always, every day, on sunday afternoon, five days a week, three times a month .etc.3. 动词的时态a. 一般现在时主要由动词原形表示，bbe 动词: am, is, are; have, hasc. 行为动词 “三单现”练习题1. _alice often play the piano. no, she _.a. do; do b. does; does c. does; doesnt 2. _ your penfriend _ in beijing? a. do; live b. do; lives c. does; live 3. tom and mike _ very excited, they will take a trip. a. is b. are c. am 4. i like _ very much. what about you?a. dance b. danced c. dancing 5. i cant find my pen. let me _.a. go and ask her b. go and ask hers c. go and ask she 6. fangfang is a good student. she _maths. a. does good at b. well do it c. is good at7. the kite _ a bird. a. look like b. is looking c. looks like 8. he said the earth _ around the sun.a. go b.went c. goes9. sandy often _ his homework on sundays .a. do b. does c. did 10. what do you usually do on the weekend? i _.a. went swimming b. go swimming c. visited grandparents 二一般过去时1. 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2. 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3. 动词的时态练习题( )1 my fatherill yesterday a isnt b arent c wasnt d werent( )2 your parents at home last week a is b was c are d were( )3 the twinsin dalian last year theyhere now a are; were b were; are c was; are d were; was( )4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天） a was; before b is; before c was; after d is; after ( )5 who was on duty last friday a i am b i was c yes, i was d no, i wasnt ( )6. i cleaned my classroom _. a .with three hours b .three hours ago c. in three hours d. three hours before( ) 7. i came _ my house two days ago . a back on b back to c to back d back( ) 8 . _? he did some reading at home. a what does your father do yesterday evening b what does your brother do in the school c what did your brother do over the weekend d where did your brother go last sunday( ) 9. what did you do _ ? i went to the movies. a next morning b. over the weekend c in the weekend d next monday( ) 10. the koala sleeps _，but gets up _. a during the day; at the evening b at day ;during night c in the day ;during the evening d during the day ; at night三、现在进行时 1.概念与用法：a. 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 im doing my homework now.b. 表示将来: 当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图和为将来安排好的活动时1) come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等词的2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词，如 fly，walk, ride, drive, take(a bus, a taxi)等。betty is leaving for guangzhou by plane at 3 this afternoon.the browns are going to the north china by train next week2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 4. 现在分词变化规则：a .一般情况下直接加ingthink-thinking sleep-sleeping study-studyingb.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingwake-waking make-making come-comingc.以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing. stop-stopping sit-sitting run-running forget-forgetting d. 以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing lie-lying练习题1. some are _ in the river and some are _ games.a. swiming, playing b. swimming, plaiingc. swimming, playing d. swimming, plaing2. look! the boy students are _ football while the girls are _.a. playing, dance b. playing, dancingc. play, dancing d. play, dance3. he_ to do his lessons at eight every eveninga. is beginning b. is beginning c. begin d. begins4. _ he _ on well with his friends this term?a. dose, gets b. dose, get c. is, getting d. is, geting5. mr. smith _ short stories, but he _ a tv play these days. a. is writing, is writing b. is writing, writes c. writes, is writing d. writes, writes6. i _ to the cinema. i _ there every sunday.a. go. go b. am going, go c. go. am going d. am going, am going7. look. they _ a good time, _ they?a. have, do b. have, dont c. are having, are d. are having, arent8. you _about the future (将来) now, _you? a. dont think, dont b. arent thinking, arent c. dont think, do d. arent thinking, are9. ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. the plane_. a. takes off b. is taking off c. has taken off d. took off10. are you still busy? yes, i_ my work, and it wont take long.a. just finish b. am just finishing c. have just finished d. am just going to finish四、过去进行时： 1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 3.基本结构：was/were+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. at that time she was working as an assistant in a physics lab.五、现在完成时： 1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。my daughter has just gone out. im sure weve met before. i havent heard from her these days. we havent seen you recently. they have been away for two years. 2.时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done. 4.过去分词变化a. 一般+ edb.不规则动词的过去分词1 aaa型cutcutcut putputput letletletreadreadread costcostcost shutshut-shut2 aab型beat-beatbeaten/beat3 aba型 become-becamebecome come-came -come run-ran -run 4 abb型 1) bring-brought-brought buyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought fightfought-fought2) buildbuiltbuilt lendlentlent sendsentsent spendspentspent3) teachtaughttaught catchcaughtcaught4) keep-kept-kept sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept5) tell-told-told sell-sold-sold 6) spell-spelt-spelt smell-smelt-smelt feel-felt-felt7) learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant burn-burnt-burnt hear-heard-heard8) say-said-said pay-paid-paid lay-laid-laid9) sit-sat-sat spit-spat-spat hold-held-held win-won-won shine-shone-shone dig-dug-dug hang-hanged-hanged hang-hung-hungfind-found-found shoot-shot-shot10) meet-met-met feed-fed-fed11)make-made-made stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understoodhave(has)-had-had leave-left-left lose-lost-lost5 abc型1) begin-began-begun drink-drank-drunk sing-sang-sung swim-swam-swum ring-rang-rung sink-sank-sunk2) grow-grew-grown draw-drew-drawn blow-blew-blownthrow-threw-thrown know-knew-known3) ride-rode-ridden write-wrote-written drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen4) break-broke-broken speak-spoke-spoken choose-chose-chosenfreeze-froze-frozen wake-woke-woken steal-stole-stolen5) get-got-got/gotten forget-forgot-forgot/forgotten6) eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-givenhide-hid-hidden/hid take-took-take mistake-mistook-mistaken see-saw-seen be-was/were-been7) do-did-done go-went-gone fly-flew-flown lie-lay-lainshow-showed-showed/shown wear-wore-worn6. 注意：1） since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time i got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。jim has been in ireland _ monday.jill has been in ireland _ three days.his aunt has lived in australia _15 days.mary is in her office. she has been there _ 7 oclock.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。 he has come here for 2 weeks. the old man has died for 4 months. they have left only for 5 minutes. 以上三句话可以改为：he has been here for 2 weeks.the old man has _ _ for 4 months.they have _ _ only for 5 minutes3）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。they have been to canada.（现在已经不在加拿大）they have gone to canada.（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now.etc.练习题1. how long have you _ here?a. come b. got c. arrived d. been2. my grandpa died _.a. at the age of my 2 b. for 2 years c. when i was 2. d. my age was 6.3. jane has _ to beijing. she will come back tomorrow.a. been b. gone c. went d. never been4. it is ten years _ i last saw her.a. after b. since c. for d. that5.-who will go to the station to meet lorry? -i will. i _ her several times.a. met b. have met c. had met d. will meet6. -what a nice dress! how long _ you _ it? -just 2 weeks.a. will, buy b. did, buy c. are, having d. have, had7.-do you know lydia very well? -yes, she and i _ friends since we were very young. a. have made b. have become c. have been d. have turned8. the smiths _ in china for 8 years.a. has lived b. lived c. have been d. live9. -hello, this is mr. green speaking. can i speak to mr. black? - sorry. he _ the bainiao park.a. has been to b. has gone to c. went to d. will go to10. -_ you ever _ to the us? - yes, twice.a. have, gone b. have, been c, do, go d. were, going一、单项选择1、both his parents look sad .maybe they _whats happened to him . knew . have known . must know .will know2、he has _ been to shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still3、have you met mr li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、the famous writer _ one new book in the past two years. is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、-our country _ a lot so far .-yes . i hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better6、zhao lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying7、we _ xiao li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew 8、harry potter is a very nice film .i_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、-these farmers have been to the united states . -really ? when _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone10、-_ you _ your homework yet ?-yes . i _ it a moment ago . did ; do ; finished . have ; done ; finished. have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 his father _ the party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in12、-do you know him well ?- sure .we _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made13、-how long have you _ here ?-about two months . been . gone . come . arrived14、hurry up! the play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on. began15、 it _ ten years since he left the army . is . has been . will . was16、 miss green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been17、my parents _ shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、the students have cleaned the classroom, ?a. so they b. dont they c. have they d. havent they19、 has mr white been a member of greener china since he to china?a. how soon, comes b. how often, got c. how long, came d. how far, arrived20、 his uncle for more than 9 years.a. has come here b. has started to workc. has lived there d. has left the university六、过去完成时： 1. 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 2. 时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc. 3. 基本结构：had + done. 否定形式：had + not + done. before daybreak they had covered half the distance.no sooner had the rain stopped than they set out again. he had not learned any english before he came to the university. 七、一般将来时： 1. 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2. 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3. 基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.they will sit the post-graduate examinations next autumn.the teacher will not let me go home before i have finished my homework.4. 注意be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但其有区别1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情will 表示的将来时间则较远一些he is going to write a letter tonight.he will write a book one day. 2） be going to表示根据主观判断将来绝对发生的事情will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情 he is seriously ill. he is going to die.he will be twenty years old.3）be going to含有“打算，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思she is going to lend us her book. he will be here in half an hour.4）在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to，而多用will。if any beast comes at you, ill stay with you and help you.5） will可以表示主动为他人做某事或是给出一个承诺，可以翻译为为和会。 it is very cold. i will make you some hot coffee. if you take part in the election, i will support you. 练习题( ) 1.there _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. a. will be going tob. will going to be c. is going to bed. will go to be( ) 2.charlie _ here next month.a. isnt working b. doesnt working c. isnt going to workingd. wont work( ) 3.he _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.a. will be; is b. is; isc. will be; will bed. is; will be( ) 4.there _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. a.wasb. is going to have c. will haved. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? no. i _ free the day after tomorrow.a. are; going to; willb. are; going to be; will c. are; going to; will bed. are; going to be; will be( ) 6. mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.a. will gives b. will give c. givesd. give( ) 7. shall i buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） a. no, you wont.b. no, you arent. c. no, please dont. d. no, please.( ) 8. where is the morning paper? i _ if for you at once. a.get b. am getting c. to getd. will get八、现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由have（has）been加动词的现在分词构成，表示发生在过去的某个动作延续到现在或刚刚完成，或许还要继续延续。这种时态侧重于这个动作的连续性，或者说不间断性。ive been waiting for you for the whole morning. it has been raining for three days. she has been busy preparing the exhibition since we met last time.练习题1. im sure andrew will win the first prize in the final. i think so. he _ for it for months. a. is preparing b. was preparing c. had been preparing d. has been preparing 2. by the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. a. walks b. walked c. has walked d. had walked 3. so far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. a. saw b. see c. had seen d. have seen 4. cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at sunshine school, where she _ english for a year. a. studies b. studied c. is studying d. has been studying 5. danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. a. works b. is working c. has worked d. had worked 6. i have got a headache. no wonder. you_ in front of that computer too long. a. work b. are working c. have been working d. worked 7. the unemployment rate in this district_ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. a. has fallen b. had fallen c. is falling d. was falling 8. now that she is out of job, lucy _ going back to school，but she hasnt decided yet.a. had considered b. has been considering c. considered d. is going to consider 9. _ you _ him around the museum yet? yes. we had a great time there. a. have ; shown b. do ; show c. had; shown d. did; show 10. hi, tracy，you look pale. i am tired. i _ the living room all day. a. painted b. had painted c. have been painting d. have painted中考试题之时态1.what do you do?im an engineer. i _ in a company in wuhan. i like my job very much.a. work b. had worked c. will work d. worked2.is your father a doctor? yes, he is. he_ in town hospital. a. has worked b. had worked c. works d. worked3. every year many foreigners _to china to learn chinese.a. have come b. comes c. came d. come4. my mother will take me to the movie if she _ free this weekend. a. is b. will be c. was d. would be5. the girls will have a trip if it _fine.a