八年级英语2005年黑龙江地区英语科初三英语现在完成时复习资料人教版原创ppt课件

现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense 一)构成: have/has+动词过去分词 二) 含义: (一)表示过去发生的动作或事情对 现在的影响和产生的结果.它强调 的是过去的动作同现在的联系.常 用的时间状语有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等. 1.already在现在完成时中的用法 肯定句: 句中(助后实前)/句末 “己经” 一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道” Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常见) = Ive had breakfast already.(表示强调) Have you had breakfast already? 注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是 现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有 动词的过去分词. Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late. 2. yet在现在完成时中的用法 否定句:句末 “还(没)” 疑问句: 句末 “己经” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet? 注: 带already的肯定句变成否定句或疑问 句时,将already要变成yet放在句末. Eg. I have already done my homework. 否定句: 一般疑问句: I havent done my homework yet. Have you done your homework yet? 3. ever在现在完成时中的用法 肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经” Eg. Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing? 4. never在现在完成时中的用法 否定句: 句中 “从来没有” Eg. Ive never been to Beijing. 注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 要将 never变成ever; 带ever的一般疑问句作 否定回答时可用“No, never.” Eg. He has ever made dumplings. 否定句: Have they ever travelled by train? No, never. He has never made dumplings. 5. just在现在完成时中的用法 用于句中, 表示“刚刚” Eg. Ive just had breakfast. What have they just done? 6. before在现在完成时中的用法 用于句末, 表示“以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ? (二)表示一个从过去开始,一直持 续到现在,有可能继续下去的动作 或状态.通常和for或since引导的时 间状语连用. 1.for + Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years. 一段时间 2. since + 从句(一般过去时) 单词 词组 (表示过去某一时间的)时间点 Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 注1): since 也可单独使用, 表示“自 那时起”; 另外since前也可加上ever, 以加强语气. Eg. I have been here (ever) since. I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000. 注2): 对for或since引导的时间状 语提问 必须用how long, 决不能 用when. Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here? She has stood here since 2 hour ago. How long has she stood here? 注3): 短暂性动词不能和for或since引 导的时间状语连用, 当然也不能用于 how long引导的问句中. Eg.(误)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 短暂性动词与 延续动词间的转 换 leave- come/go (to) - arrive (at/in)- get (to)- reach- buy- borrow- finish- join- start/begin- die- close- open- return- marry- become- be away (from) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at) have keep be over be in/be a/anbe on be dead be closed be open be back be married be 三)have/has gone to和 have/has been to的区别 have/has gone to: 表示某人已经去 了某地现在还没回来, 可能现在 正在某地或者正在去那里或回来 的路上. have/has been to: 表示某人曾经去 过某地, 但现在己经不在某地. 四)It is +一段时间 +since+句子(一般过去时) =