牛津译林版高中英语必修五unit 2《the environment》word同步测试3

Unit 2 The environment Section Word power，Task & Project 品句填词1_(给留下印象) by its beauty，Oscar felt a strong desire to find its owner.答案：Impressed2The criminal，as well as some relevant people，was _(逮捕) by the police yesterday.答案：arrested3The boy was found seated on a bench，completely _(专心) in a novel.答案：absorbed4His old car_(消耗) much gasoline.答案：consumed5Can I help you with it?I_(感激) your offer，but I can manage it myself.答案：appreciate 单句改错1I will appreciate you if you can give me a lift to the station.第一个youit2Absorbing in the game，he didnt notice me enter the room.Absorbing_Absorbed3There are many things to think over in regard of this project.ofto4Advertising can influence consumer moods，which，in turn，can influence their reactions to products.consumerconsumers5There are two hundred boys ranged from seven to fourteen in age.rangedranging 完成句子1他的同学似乎并不相信他的故事。It _ his classmates didnt believe his story.His classmates _believe his story.答案：seemed as if；seemed not to2如果你能来帮我搬这个重袋子我将感激不尽。I would appreciate _carry the heavy bag.答案：it if you could help me3一看到自己造成的损坏，这个小孩就感到惭愧。_the damage he had done，the child felt ashamed.答案：On seeing4我的邻居们对待这孩子就像是他们亲生的儿子一样。My neighbors treat the child_ he were their own son.答案：as if5他喜欢苹果，不喜欢乘公交车去上学。她也是如此。He likes apples and he doesnt like going to school by bus._答案：So it is with her/It is the same with her 课文语法填空As we all know，there is a wide range 1._ fish and wild animals that live in and along the Yangtze River.2._ if we allow illegal 3._(hunt) there will be no more left.In order to protect them，many organizations and projects，such 4._the water and soil conservation project and the nature reserves 5._whiteflag dolphins，are under way.But we still have a long way 6._(go) to solve all the problems in regard 7._ the Yangtze River.However，people have realized that it is their responsibility/duty 8._(protect) the Yangtze River.The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river will 9._(appreciate) for years 10._(come)答案：1.of2.But3.hunting4.as5.for6.to go7to8.to protect9.be appreciated10.to comeA卷 单句语法填空1He describes everything in order，which makes an excellent _ (impress) upon us.答案：impression2When youre in conflict _ someone，its best to avoid bringing up old arguments.Just as the saying goes，let sleeping dogs lie.答案：with3Oil prices have decreased_10 percent since the start of the year.答案：by4Our government has taken _ (measure) to stop the hunters killing the tigers in northeastern part of China.答案：measures5They have got different jobs，_ (range) from advertising sales to engineering.答案：ranging6Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the expression.答案：it7Many _ (consume) today are fed up with receiving spam or unwanted email.答案：consumers8When I went in，they were absorbed _ a heated discussion.答案：in9On hearing the news，he stood up，and _ (leave) the dictionary lying open on the desk，rushed out of the classroom.答案：leaving10The government is trying to pass a harsh new law that would cut off Internet access for people who download _ (legal)答案：illegally 阅读理解ATalking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale.But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways.To understand them，scientists say，we just have to learn their language.Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say. “Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有机体)They can communicate with giant bacteria，with other plants and with insects.They do this chemically.” said Cahill，an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “language”Cahill says studies have shown，for example，that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions.Plants have an ability，for example，to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack.Jack Schultz，a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri，says when a plant senses that its being eaten，it cannot walk away from trouble；on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.“Their language is a chemical language，and it involves chemicals that move through the air，that are easy to be changeable，and most of all are smells that we are familiar with，” Schultz explained.“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves，” Schultz recalled.“But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves，even though they were not part of the experiment.”Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals.Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.In the end，plants ability to communicate their needs and our ability to understand them could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals，cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普类文章，主要讲述了“植物的特殊语言”及功能，以及这种特殊语言对农业生产可能产生的指导意义。1The recent scientific studies have shown that plants can _Acommunicate with other living things in a chemical wayBhardly react to any sudden change in temperatureCuse a very special chemical language which is familiar to usDrespond to the attack by giving off poisonous chemicalsA解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有机体).They do this chemically.”可知，植物能够与其他生物通过化学方式进行交流。故答案选A。2When being eaten by an insect，the plant will _Awalk away from troubleBchange its chemistry to kill the insectCrelease a chemical vapor to “ask” other plants for helpDgive off nice chemicals to attract friendly insects killing the pestD解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“when a plant senses that its being eaten.on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor.”以及文章倒数第二段中的“Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.”可知，当植物感觉要被昆虫吞食的时候，植物会释放一种化学蒸汽，这种化学蒸汽能够吸引有益的昆虫来袭击害虫。故答案选D。3The underlined word “alerts” most probably means “_”AwarnsBprotectsCthreatens DallowsA解析：词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，植物在遭受攻击时会释放一种化学物质，这种化学物质有两种功能，一是警示危险的存在，二是发出求助信息。由此可知，此处的“alerts”应该意为“警示，警惕”，即warns。故答案选A。4Which would be the best title for the passage?ACommunication between Plants BA Chemical “Language”CPlants Can Talk DHow Plants Protect ThemselvesC解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了“植物的特殊语言”及功能。C项既能概括文章的主题又生动风趣，尤其是talk一词充满了拟人化的幽默感。故最佳答案选C。BAfter finishing high school，Judy looked for a job at a store.Judy wanted to work as an assistant.The manager of the store received Judy，“We dont have any openings for assistants now.But we have one job.Would you like to be a store detective？”Judy was very surprised，“But Im only five feet two inches tall.And I only weigh 105 pounds.” The manager laughed，“Youre just right for the job.You dont look like a detective.You look like a customer.Thats what we want.” He went on to explain，“If you see a customer steal something，wait until he is outside the store.Then stop him.Well call the police.”Judy decided to accept the job as a store detective.Each day she walked around the store，watching customers.She remembered the managers words：“Most shoplifters(扒手)are welldressed.Many shoplifters are rich.”The manager turned out right.One day Judy saw someone who looked like a businessman standing at the jewelry counter(柜台)The assistant showed the man gold watches from Japan.After that，the assistant turned to another customer.Right then，the businessman put two watches on his arm.He wore a coat so no one could find him out.He put two more watches on himself before the assistant turned back.“I dont like these watches，” said the businessman.The man walked as quickly as possible out of the front door.Judy followed him outside and then shouted，“Stop！I saw you steal four watches.” The man began to run.Judy ran after him.She cried out，“Stop that thief！” A policeman at the corner seized the man and later，a police car took the thief away.The manager of the store was proud of Judy.He said，“Good work，Judy.You are an excellent detective.”【解题导语】本文是记叙文。全文记叙了瘦小的Judy到商店找工作，经理给了她一份特殊的差事做商店的detective，结果她工作很出色。5What did Judy want to work as at the store?AAn assistant.BA detective.CA manager. DA cleaner.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句Judy wanted to work as an assistant.可知答案。6Why did the manager want Judy to be a store detective?ABecause she looked like a detective.BBecause she looked like a customer.CBecause she is tall and strong.DBecause she once worked as a detective.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“You look like a customer.Thats what we want.”可知答案。7It seemed to the manager that_Amost thieves are poordressed and not richBall thieves are welldressed and richCmost thieves wear good clothes and have much moneyDall thieves are poordressed and not richC解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句She remembered the managers words：“Most shoplifters(扒手)are welldressed.Many shoplifters are rich.”可知答案。8How many watches did the shoplifter steal?A2. B3.C4. D5.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段和第五段中的信息可知扒手偷了4只手表。B卷 阅读理解Global warming is not only a threat to our future health，it already contributes to more than 150，000 deaths and 5 million illnesses annually，according to a team of health and climate scientists at the World Health Organization and the University of Wisconsin at Madisonand those numbers could double by 2030. Research data published in the journal Nature show that global warming may affect human health in a surprising number of ways: speeding the spread of infectious diseases such as malaria and dengue fever；creating conditions that lead to potentially fatal malnutrition and diarrhea；and increasing the likelihood of heat waves and floods.According to the scientists，who have mapped the growing health impacts of global warming，the data show that global warming affects different regions in very different ways.Global warming is particularly hard on people in poor countries，which is ironic，because the places that have contributed the least to global warming are most exposed to the death and disease higher temperatures can bring.“Those least able to cope with and least responsible for the greenhouse gases that cause global warming are most affected，” said lead author Jonathan Patz，a professor at UWMadisons Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies，“Here lies an enormous global ethical challenge.” According to the Nature report，regions at highest risk for enduring the health effects of climate change include coastlines along the Pacific and Indian oceans and subSaharan Africa.Large cities，with their urban “heat island” effect，are also prone to(有倾向的) temperaturerelated health problems.Africa has some of the lowest percapita (每人的) emissions of greenhouse gases.Yet，regions of the continent are gravely at risk for diseases related to global warming.“Many of the most important diseases in poor countries，from malaria to diarrhea and malnutrition，are highly sensitive to climate，” said coauthor Diarmid CampbellLendrum of WHO.“The health sector is struggling to control these diseases and climate change threatens to weaken these efforts.” “Recent extreme climatic events have underlined the risks to human health and survival，” added Tony McMichael，director of the National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health at the Australian National University.“This synthesizing(综合，综合治理) paper points the way to strategic research that better assesses the risks to health from global climate change.”1Which of the following CANNOT be the result of global warming?AMore than 150，000 deaths every year.BCreating conditions that lead to potentially fatal malnutrition.CCausing more flood.DThe spread of infectious diseases.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段可知，D项缺了speeding这一信息。2The underlined word “ironic” in Para.3 probably means _A讽刺的 B严重的C无助的 D贫穷的A解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面一句“because the places that have contributed the least to global warming are most exposed to the death and disease higher temperatures can bring”可知，这些地区对全球变暖影响是最小的，受到的危害却是最大的，这当然是有“讽刺”的意味了。3Global warming is particularly hard on people in poor countries because _Athese places have contributed the least to global warmingBthese people are least able to deal with the problems caused by global warming Cthey are in countries along the Pacific and Indian oceans and subSaharan Africa Dthey are highly sensitive to climateB解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句及第四段第一句话“Those least able to cope with and least responsible for the greenhouse gases that cause global warming are most affected”可推知这些贫穷国家的人们应对全球变暖问题的能力是最差的，所以受到的危害尤其大。 完形填空Even though Danish students have equal access to education，their choice of studies is still influenced by social class.Young people from working class backgrounds are_1_ by studies with a clear job profile and high income，_2_prestige and studies with a strong identity interest young people of parents with university degrees when choosing which studies to_3_This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen_4_in a new study.Students who have chosen to study medicine，architecture，economy and sociology often come from homes where the parents have_5_higher education，whereas business studies and pharmacy often_6_young people with a working class background.This is_7_by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study.“There is a_8_between the studies chosen by young Danes and their_9_background.Even for the young people who have very good grades in their Alevel exams，and who could successfully_10_admission to a large variety of studies，the parents_11_of education and social class play an important role in their choice，” says Education Sociologist Jens Peter Thomsen，who is one of the researchers behind the study.The study “The Educational Strategies of Danish University Students from Professional and WorkingClass Backgrounds” is_12_60 interviews with Danish students from six different university level study programmes：medicine，architecture，sociology，economy，pharmacy and business studies.The young people bring with them the_13_they get from their families.If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional_14_，it is an obvious choice to follow the_15_path as your parents when you grow up.“For young people whose parents are university educated，_16_such as fame and mastery of expert knowledge are important.They are_17_by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student，and where leisure activities are_18_to the identity that lies within your studies.These young people have also grown up with_19_discussions around the dinner table which also prepare them for their lives as students，” says Jens Peter Thomsen.He also added，“Young people who come from a working class background，and have good grades have to_20_the full range of opportunities they have.But the effort to reach this goal must start early.”1A.monitoredBmotivatedCmotioned DmultipliedB解析：monitor“监视”；motivate“使有动机，促动，激发，诱导；刺激”；motion“打手势；向某人点头或摇头示意”；multiply“乘；(使)相乘；(使)增加”。那些来自工人阶级背景家庭的年轻人被激发去做一些有清楚的形象和高收入的工作。2A.while BalthoughCwhen DifA解析：while“当时；然而；尽管”；although“尽管”；when“当时”；if“如果”。然而当他们在追求学业的时候，那些来自父母都有高等教育背景的年轻人对于那些有很好的声誉的工作更有兴趣。本句前后之间存在着转折关系，故使用while“然而”。3A.pursue BengageCinvolve DconductA解析：pursue“追求”；engage“从事，订婚”；involve“参加，涉及”；conduct“执行，做”。本句是指在那些来自良好背景的年轻人在选择自己追求的职业的时候往往会选择那些名誉更好的职业。4A.calculate BsuspectCconclude DachieveC解析：calculate“计算，估算”；suspect“怀疑”；conclude“总结”；achieve“实现”。这是哥本哈根大学在一项新的研究中得出的结论。5A.required BconfirmedCrefused DcompletedD解析：形容词辨析。required“必须的，要求的”；confirmed“确定的”；refused“拒绝的”；completed“完整的”。那些选择医学，建筑学，经济学和社会学的年轻人通常都来自父母亲有完整的大学教育背景的家庭。6A.subscribe to Bcater toCstick to Dappeal toD解析：subscribe to“订阅”；cater to“满足，迎合”；stick to“坚持”；appeal to“吸引”。然而商业专业以及药学专业常常吸引那些来自工人阶级背景的年轻人。7A.inquired BprovedCextended DacquiredB解析：inquire“询问”；prove“证明”；extend“延伸”；acquire“获得”。上文提及的这个说法已经被哥本哈根大学和奥尔堡大学的一项新的研究所证明了。8A.connection BcomparisonCdifference DcontradictionA解析：connection“联系”；comparison“比较”；difference“差异”；contradiction“矛盾”。在年轻的丹麦人所选择的学业和他们的社会背景之间存在着某种联系。9A.educational BpoliticalCsocial DprofessionalC解析：educational“教育的”；political“政治的”；social“社会的”；professional“专业的”。根据文章第一段中的from working class backgrounds和with university degrees可知这里谈论的是这些年轻人的社会背景和他们所选择的学业之间的联系。10A.balance BdevelopCidentify DseekD解析：balance“平衡”；develop“发展”；identify“辨别”；seek“寻找，寻求”。对于那些成绩很好，可以成功地找到更好的工作的年轻人来说，他们父母亲的教育水平和社会地位在他们的发展中仍然起着很重要的作用。11A.situation BjudgmentClevel DpreferenceC解析：situation“情景；情况；形势”；judgment“判断”；level“水平”；preference“偏爱”。本句表示的是父母亲的教育水平和社会背景对那些成绩很好的年轻人的选择也有很大的影响。12A.connected with Bbased onCcommitted to Dcombined withB解析：be connected with.“与有关”；be based on.“以为基础”；be committed to.“致力于”；be combined with.“与相结合”。“The Educational Strategies of Danish University Students from Professional and WorkingClass Backgrounds”这项研究是以对来自6个不同的大学的学生进行的60次采访为基础得出的结论。13A.resources BexperiencesCfinance DmemoryA解析：resource“资源”；experience“经历”；finance“金融