高中英语新课标外研版必修4教案 period3 function;grammar 1，2（module4 great scientists）

Period 3Function;Grammar 1，2The General Idea of This PeriodFunction in this module is talking about numbers,which include big numbers,fractions and percentages.The students can finish Activities 1 and 2 individually and check the answers with the whole class.As for Activity 3,pair work or group work is better.Let the students dictate some numbers to their partners to consolidate what they learned.After that,the teacher can give them a quiz to make sure the students can distinguish different numbers correctly and can read and write them in the correct way.In grammar 1,well revise the passive voice of present tense,past tense,future tense and present perfect tense.There are four activities for the students to practice.In grammar 2,the students will learn to use by+-ing form.Firstly,in Activity 1 make sure the usage of this form.It usually works as adverbial,and means “using some way”.This form is not difficult.We are sure that after the practice in Activity 2,the students can master this form correctly.Teaching Important PointsTeach the students how to read and write numbers in a correct way.Make sure the students can use the passive voice and by+-ing form correctly.Teaching Difficult PointsTo make them master the usage of the passive voice and by+-ing form.Teaching MethodsIndividual work and pair work to make every student work in class.Teaching AidsMultimedia & a blackboardThree Dimensional Teaching AimsKnowledge and SkillsMake the students learn to use the mathematical terms in a correct way.Make sure the students can use the passive voice in different tenses and by+-ing form correctly.Process and StrategiesMotivate the students enthusiasm in taking part in the class.Feelings and ValueThrough the study of this period the students will surely know more about the basic use of the passive voice and by+-ing form and how to read and write different numbers correctly.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 Revision (Greetings as usual)T:First,lets have a dictation of the new words and expressions we learnt last class.1.staple2.leading3.figure4.breeding5.species6.yield7.original8.sterile9.breakthrough10.convert11.export12.hybrid13.replace14.bring up15.as a result ofStep 2 FunctionT:Function in this module is about numbers.Now,look at Activity 1 on Page 35.Choose the correct way of saying the numbers.1.5 000 000(a)five million_(b)five millions2.47.5%(a)forty seven half percent(b)forty seven point five percent3.632(a)six hundred and thirty two(b)six hundred thirty two4.4/5(a)four fifths_(b)four fiveAsk the students to complete them individually and then collect the answers in the whole class.After that,give the students several minutes to read them aloud.Suggested answers:1.a2.b3.a4.aT:Now lets come to Activity 2.Read the sentences aloud and attentively.1.Rice was first grown about 5000 years ago.2.China exports about 1.5% of its rice.3.Australia produces about 250 000 tons of rice.4.2/3 the worlds population regularly eat rice.T:OK,class.Now are you sure you can say the numbers correctly?Dictate some numbers to your partner,including big numbers,fractions and percentages.Then I will give you a quiz.(After the students practice with each other,the teacher gives them the following quiz.Read the mathematical terms correctly.)(Show the numbers on the screen or on the blackboard.)1.10352.3/73.46%4.2 840 0005.$95.5Ask the individual to read them,one number a student.After the students complete them,let them read numbers together.Suggested answers:1.one thousand and thirty five2.three sevens3.forty six percent4.two million eight hundred and forty thousand5.ninety five point five percentStep 3 Grammar 1:The Passive VoiceT:Now lets come to revision of the passive voice.First please study the sentences in Activity 1 on Page 33.(Show the following sentences on the screen.) a.Rice is grown in many other Asian countries.b.Researchers were brought in from all over China.c.The research was supported by the government.d.In Pakistan rice will be grown in many parts of the country.e.The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping High-tech Agriculture Company of China.T:Now answer the following questions.(Show them on the screen.)1.Which sentence is in the present simple(passive voice)?2.Which sentences are in the past simple(passive voice)?3.Which sentence refers to the future?4.Which sentence is in the present perfect?5.Which sentences are easy to transform into the active voice?Why?Ask the students to complete them in pairs,then call back their answers from the whole class,having one student ask the question and another read the example sentence.Suggested answers:1.a2.b and c3.d4.e5.c and e,because you can easily find the subject of the active voice after “by”.T:From the sentences above,we can know the structure of the passive voice:be+done.Tenses are observed through the “be” verb.So the structure of the passive voice in the present,the past,the future,and the present perfect forms are as follows:am/is/are+p.p.(the present simple);was/were+p.p.(the past simple);will be+p.p.(the future simple);and have/has been+p.p.(the present perfect form).Now please make the sentences in Activity 2 using the correct tense of the passive voice.Example:These shoes/make/in ItalyThese shoes are made in Italy.1.These computers/produce/in America2.Rice/grow/in China/for/thousands of years3.These electronic games/make/in Japan4.A new variety of rice/discover/in 19705.Many important discoveries/make/since/the beginning of last centuryAsk the students to complete their answers individually,then check with a partner.Ask some of them to report their answers.Suggested answers:1.These computers are produced in America.2.Rice has been grown in China for thousands of years.3.These electronic games are made in Japan.(could also be “were made”)4.A new variety of rice was discovered in 1970.5.Many important discoveries have been made since the beginning of last century.After the students finish sentences,ask the whole class to answer the additional activity:what form of the passive voice are the sentences?Suggested answers:1.present simple2.present perfect3.present simple(past simple)4.past simple5.present perfectT:Now class,I think you have mastered the use of the passive voice.Lets do another two activities to consolidate what weve learned.First,complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets in Activity 3.Ask the students to fill in the blanks individually,then the teacher let some volunteers speak out their answers.During class,the teacher should encourage the students to be active in class,and give the students more chances.(Show the following sentences on the screen.)1.As a boy he _(educate)in many schools.2.He _(give)the nickname,”the student who asks questions”.3.The results of his experiments _(publish)in China in 1966.4.Finally,in 1970 a naturally sterile make rice plant _(discover).5.50 thousand square kilometers of rice fields _(convert)to growing vegetables.6.Following this,Yuan Longpings rice _(export)to other countries.Suggested answers:1.was educated2.was given3.were published4.was discovered5.were converted6.was exportedT:Just now,youve got the whole sentences correctly.Now lets do a further job.Write questions based on the information in Activity 3.The first word in the sentence is given.Well have a pair work this time.Discuss the sentence with your partner,then gives us the questions.One gives us the question,while his or her partner gives us the answer.(Show the following on the screen.)1.Where ?2.What ?3.When ?4.When ?5.How many ?6.Where ?Suggested answers:Questions:1.Where was he educated(as a boy)?2.What nickname was he given?3.When were the results of his experiments published(in China)?4.When was a naturally sterile male rice plant finally discovered?5.How many square kilometers of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables?6.Where was Yuan Longpings rice exported?Answers:1.As a boy he was educated in many schools.2.He was given the nickname,”the student who asks questions”.3.The results of his experiments were published in China in 1966.4.Finally,in 1970 a naturally sterile make rice plant was discovered.5.50 thousand square kilometers of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables.6.Following this,Yuan Longpings rice was exported to other countries.Step 4 Grammar 2T:Here is a sentence for you to decide which question the underlined phrase answers.(Show the sentence on the screen.)He thought he could produce more rice by crossing different species of plant.1.What could he produce?2.Why should he produce more rice?3.How could he produce more rice?T:OK,class.Which one is the correct answers?Ss:No.3.T:Thats right.This question is easy to understand.From the question,we know grammar in this part is by+-ing form.It usually works as adverbial,and means “using some way”.This form is not difficult.We are sure that after the practice in Activity 2,you can master this form correctly.Now,lets come to Activity 2.Rewrite the sentences by changing the underlined phrases with a phrase beginning with by+-ing.(Read the example and have the students follow.Make sure they understand the form.Then ask the students to complete the activity individually,and call back the answers from the whole class as complete sentences,having one student read the original and another the altered version.)(Show the following sentences on the screen.)Example:You can get a good job if you study hard.You can get a good job by studying hard.1.Yuan Longping changed agricultural in China.He discovered a new type of rice.2.Researchers learn things when they carry out experiments.3.They changed the design and so they built a better engine.4.You will become a better pianist if you practise often.5.If you plan for the future we can be happy in the present.Suggested answers:1.Yuan Longping changed agriculture in China by discovering a new type of rice.2.Researchers learn things by carrying out experiments.3.By changing the design they built a better engine.4.You will become a better pianist by practicing often.5.By planning for the future we can be happy in the present.Step 5 Summary and homeworkT:Through this class we have learned the correct way of saying numbers.In the part of grammar,we learned the passive voice in the present simple,the past simple,the future simple and the present perfect tense,we studied the usage of by+-ing form as well.Homework today is to find more examples to practice after class.So much for today.Good-bye,everyone!T:Good-bye,teacher!The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardModule 4Great ScientistsThe third period1.10352.3/73.46%4.2 840 0005.$95.5Record after Teaching_Activities and Research1.Find more numbers to practice with your partners.2.Go over the passive voice in different tenses and by+-ing form.Reference for TeachingGrammar被动语态1.被动语态的构成英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 由于不及物动词不能带宾语,故无被动语态,只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态,其基本构成方式是”助动词be过去分词”。注意:”be过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态,有些动词（如 be,feel,look,seem等）后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,用作表语表示状态。例如:The glass is broken.(杯子破了。)2.主动语态改被动语态的方法(1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;将主动语态的谓语动词改为”be过去分词”结构;将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。(2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。例如:He gave the boy an apple.The boy was given an apple.（或An apple was given to the boy.） Her father bought her a present.She was bought a present by her father.（或A present was bought for her by her father.） (3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。例如:They watched the children sing that morning.The children were watched to sing that morning.(4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。例如:We call him Xiao Wang.He is called Xiao Wang.He cut his hair short.His hair was cut short.They told him to help me.He was told to help me.(5)短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏。例如:We must take good care of the young trees.The young trees must be taken good care of.(6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时,通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语,从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know,say,believe,find,think,report等。例如:People believe that he is ill.It is believed that he is ill.（或:He is believed to be ill.） 3.被动语态改为主动语态的方法被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语（或按题意要求确定主语）,按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。例如:History is made by the people.The people make history.4.不能用于被动语态的情况（1）某些表示”静态”的及物动词（表示状态而不是动作,而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如have,fit,suit,hold（容纳）,cost,suffer,last（持续）等不能用于被动语态。例如:They have a nice car.他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。 My shoes dont fit me.我的鞋不合适。 My brain cant hold so much information at one time.我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。 How much What does it cost？这值多少钱？ Our holiday lasts 10 days.我们的假期有十天。 This food will last（them） （for）3 days.这食物足够（他们）（吃）三天。 （2）不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态,若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较:They arrived at a decision.A decision was arrived at.他们作出了决定。 They arrived at the station.他们到达车站。（不说The station was arrived at.） He looked into the question.The question was looked into.他调查了这个问题。 （3）动词leave（离开）,enter（进入）,join（参加）不可用于被动语态。例如:The car left the road and hit a tree.车子离开了道路,撞上了树。 （4）某些