物流工程外文翻译---物流推动世界运转.docVIP

本科生毕业设计（论文）外文翻译毕业设计（论文）题目： 基于供应链管理的达方电子公司的采购管理研究 外文题目： logistics make the world go round 译文题目： 物流推动世界运转 学 生 姓 名： 高颖 专 业： 物流工程 指导教师姓名： 徐方超 评 阅 日 期： logistics make the world go roundduring a panel discussion titled, logistics: bridge to global prosperity, at the june 8-9 wharton global forum in istanbul, moderator george day described logistics as the connective tissue that makes the global economy work. logistics, he said, can be a huge source of competitive advantage and help expand and launch new business models. combined with information technology, he added, logistics can dramatically extend the geographic reach of both large and small organizations. to explore the ever-expanding role of logistics, day was joined on the panel by michel akavi, ceo of dhl worldwide express, middle east, mirzan bin mahathir, executive chairman and president of malaysia-based konsortium logistiks berhad, and yavuz cizmeci, chairman of turkeys act airlines.logistics is moving the right product in the right quantities to the right place at the right time, stated day, a wharton marketing professor who has studied performance-based logistics in such companies as cisco systems and general electric. the really good supply chains have significantly lower costs, lower inventory and better customer service. consider cisco. its after-sales service group is a $4 billion business and delivers 720,000 spare parts to the companys various manufacturing facilities. logistics services include customers, field engineers, and fulfillment, distribution and materials repair centers. the more effectively you manage logistics, the more effectively you take uncertainty out of the system, he said.eight trends in logisticspanelist michel akavi told the audience that when he asked a conference organizer where the panel was taking place, she replied that people would be arriving a little late and a bit slowly. i said, great. they need a logistics session to wake them up.akavi provided that wake-up call with a discussion of what he sees as eight trends that currently affect logistics. the first is the explosion of global trade and global production due to the the toppling of the old political order, especially the fall of communism. in addition, customs barriers have fallen, especially in europe, and there is greater trade between the continents eastern and western parts. akavi also cited nafta (north america free trade agreement), mercosur (the south american free trade pact), the world trade organization, and gatt (general agreement on tariffs and trade) as creating a wave of international trade. the more this happens, the more there is a need for logistics.look at the internet, he noted. being a door-to-door document delivery company, we were scared of the internet. but fortunately, documents still need to be signed, sealed and stamped . .we hope turkey will not adopt the bad habit of electronic signatures when it joins the eu, he said with a smile, adding that goods do not travel electronically, thank goodness. the more people use the internet, the more business there is, the heavier the packages are and the greater the need for letters to move around the world.the second trend is the transition to a post-industrial society, akavi said. we have a stagnating population in western countries; the average age is increasing, more money is spent on communication and health, and less is spent on mass produced products. the trend is to more individual transient niche goods combined with services. that means a greater variety of goods needs to be transported, in more specialized ways, directly to users/consumers. so the logistics industry must specialize in niches, such as the textile industry whose players need to be very responsive to fashion trends. you cannot produce a million products in one place at one time. you have to produce them quickly, often in different parts of the world. the third trend is that we now live in an on-demand world, akavi said. we are a time-is-money society. we are moving to time-based competition. speed is almost more important than a cheap price. you see that in micro electronics, with chips and game consuls. with pcs and phones, the term used is agility - the ability to get to the market first. demand is changing the logistics world.the fourth trend is a growing environmental sensibility. people now ask: how can we transport less, more efficiently, and how can we do more recycling, akavi said. in europe, we see that the trucks on highways are getting more restricted. austria is banning some truck traffic on weekends. rails are being used more often to transport goods because less energy is used. there is also more concern about noisy planes. we had to change our fleet in brussels to quieter planes, and we are moving the brussels hub to leipzig, germany, an area where there are less people. environmental concerns are shaping the industry.the fifth trend is the rediscovery of structural process organization, based on greater efficiency and better organization, and the sixth trend is the deregulation and privatization of public services in communication and transport. we are a good example, said akavi. deutsche post, which owns dhl, used to be a sleepy inefficient postal system for germany. after it was privatized and modernized, it started to become profitable. then it wondered what it should do; it couldnt just sell stamps all its life. so it moved from a postal service to an integrated logistics and transport company. the seventh trend is an orientation toward shareholder value. logistics is moving to focus on core competencies. we have seen companies divest so they can concentrate on their core business. there is more outsourcing of the transport function, which helps third party providers like dhl expand and also fuels the growth of specialized transport logistics companies. the eighth and last trend, according to akavi, is newer communications technologies. with the internet, you can find out where your shipment is and contact your call center if the package is stuck. but now, you can also use mobile phones to do that. tracking and tracing is becoming more available. our company can trace all shipments automatically and detect those that are stuck before the client realizes the shipment hasnt arrived. the rfid - radio frequency identification tags - technology is enormously important for our sector. without rfid, it would be very hard to find your shipment in our huge warehouses. this technology will have a great impact in the coming years.singapores examplemirzan bin mahathir, who described his kuala lumpur-based company, konsortium loistiks berhad, as split into logistics components and logistics solutions, echoed akavis comment that companies are outsourcing their logistics more and more in order to concentrate on core competencies. he went on to note that the bridge to global prosperity has two levels, the country level and the company level.on the country level, nations must develop their logistics infrastructure in order to compete. its not enough to attract manufacturing if you cant get manufactured good to the market in an efficient way, he said. infrastructure includes building ports, airports, roads and bridges to move, not just goods, but people. airports are especially critical: in the middle east everyone is realizing that airports are a vital piece of infrastructure and many of them are being built, some close together. but the hardware itself is not enough. physical infrastructure doesnt help if it is not going to be used effectively, mirzan noted. three things are needed: information technology, efficient physical movement and a reliable financial system. in developing countries, these three things need to go hand in hand. in a few places this has happened, like singapore. and it is improving in some of the other countries as well. in the logistics business, mirzan added, goods need to be sent as directly as possible to the market, and they need to reach their destination on time. yet various government obstacles can hinder that process, including excess paper work, burdensome inspections, and corruption. if the leadership in any country were to look at logistics and see its role in bringing prosperity to its people, they would have to address these areas. some countries get it, mirzan said; others dont. from the company standpoint, he added, some are starting to look at themselves as logistics companies even when they are producing actual goods; it is a competitive advantage. dell, he suggested, is actually a logistics company that happens to be in the business of computers. they are very efficient at doing what they do, but it is mainly logistics.software solutionspanelist yavuz cizmeci, chairman of act airlines, reminded the audience that istanbul has historically been a logistical crossroads for commerce and trade, and that turkey itself is poised to be a logistics center of the future. the trend now, he said, is for many big companies to open branches in turkey or buy companies already there, ready to take advantage of the countrys increasing trade, and its sea, truck, railway and aircraft transportation options. spending on logistics, he said, should take off in the near future.during a question and answer session, akavi was asked how his company uses software solutions to optimize its logistics, such as truck loads. software is not logistics core business, he said. while there is still a lot of software development happening in house, we are working more and more with software developers to find solutions. . about 6% to 7% of our revenue is spent on it and an increasing amount of it is outsourced.another audience member noted that he had always perceived the logistics field as having ease of entry, as long as a company can move something from point a to point b. but with improvements in technology and with more mergers among existing companies - and with small-sized companies still having an advantage in small communities - are the mid-sized companies being squeezed out, or are there still opportunities for mid-sized companies to grow?there is definitely room for small, medium and large companies, akavi said. we have become large but we offer integrated solutions. some customers, however, need only a point a to point b transport. sometimes a smaller size gives more flexibility and can offer better prices. if you dont need a huge network like we have, then there is a market for medium-sized companies.cizmeci offered his own perspective: i am a small company. but it doesnt matter what size you are as long as you do the job well and at the right price. as technology gets more and more complicated, life gets more and more complicated, and the big logistics companies cannot really handle this well. they need small, clever, cost-effective partners. 物流推动世界运转 6月8日至9日，沃顿全球校友论坛在伊斯坦布尔开幕。在题为“物流：架起通往全球繁荣的桥梁”的专题座谈会中，主持人乔治戴（george day）将物流称为“推动全球经济运转的连结组织。”他说物流可以成为“巨大的竞争优势并帮助拓展和建立新的商业模式。”他还说，物流与信息技术一起可以“极大地拓展大中小型企业跨越的地域范围。”沃顿营销学教授戴与敦豪国际速递公司中东地区ceo米歇尔阿卡维（michel akavi）、马来西亚的康瑟德物流公司（konsortium logistiks berhad）执行董事长兼总裁米尔占宾马哈蒂尔（mirzan bin mahathir）、土耳其act airlines董事长雅吾兹希兹麦奇（yavuz cizmeci）在座谈会上对物流发挥出空前强大的作用进行了诠释。戴是沃顿商学院的营销学教授，并对思科系统公司（cisco systems）和通用电气（general electric）等企业基于绩效的物流系统进行了研究。他指出，“所谓物流就是将正确的产品以正确的数量在合适的时候运达合适的地点。真正完善的供应链无论是成本还是库存水平都相当低，同时还提供良好的客户服务。以思科为例，其售后服务集团的业务价值40亿美元，同时将72万个备用零件运送至公司的各个生产基地。物流服务的要素包括客户、现场工程师、执行部门、分销部门和物资修缮中心。物流管理的效率越高，系统中存在的不确定性就越小。”物流行业的八大发展趋势专家小组成员米歇尔阿卡维告诉与会观众，当他向一名大会组办人员询问专题座谈会的地点时，这位女士回答说其他人“可能要迟一会儿才到。于是我说，他们如果参加物流主题会议就肯定能醒过来”。阿卡维提供的叫醒服务就是探讨他认为目前影响物流行业发展的八大趋势。 第一个趋势是“旧政治制度颠覆，”，引发全球贸易与全球生产“激增”。此外，海关障碍的拆除（在欧洲尤为明显）促进了欧洲大陆东西部地区的贸易往来。阿卡维还指出nafta（北美自由贸易协定）、mercosur（南美自由贸易公约）、世界贸易组织和gatt（关税贸易总协定）等创造出“一波国际贸易浪潮。国际贸易往来越频繁，对物流的需求就越大”。以互联网为例。作为一家提供门对门文件速递服务的公司，“互联网让我们感到害怕。但幸运的是，文件仍旧需要签署、盖章和邮寄我们希望土耳其加入欧盟的时候不要沾上使用电子签名的坏习惯，”他微笑着说，还补充指出“谢天谢地的是货物不能通过电子方式进行运输。”使用互联网的人越多，速递业务就越多，邮寄包裹就越重，信函在全球寄送的需求就越大。第二大趋势是向后工业社会转化。阿卡维说，“西方国家的人口不见增长；人口的平均寿命在增加，人们花更多的钱用于通信与健康，但在大批量生产产品的支出上却有所减少。眼下受到青睐的是流行性强的个性化商品及服务。”这就意味着以更加专业的方法将种类更繁多的商品直接送达用户或者消费者。“所以物流行业必须擅长于服务细分市场，譬如纺织业，因为纺织企业需要对时尚潮流做出迅速反应。他们不能在统一的时间和地点生产出上百万件产品，而是必须跟随潮流迅速组织生产”，而且常常是在全球不同的地点进行生产。第三大趋势是今天的社会讲究的是“随需应变”，阿卡维说。“时间就是金钱。时间与能否在竞争中获胜关系密切。速度甚至比低廉的价格更加重要。譬如在以芯片、游戏机、电脑、电话为代表的微电子行业，常用的术语是应变能力，即迅速在市场上推出产品的能力。需求正在改变着整个物流行业”。第四大趋势是对环境的关注程度日益增加。人们现在关心的问题是：“如何才能以更精简的交通和更高的效率进行物流运输？如何才能进行更多的废物回收？”阿卡维说。“欧洲对在公路上行驶的卡车限制越来越严格。奥地利在周末禁止部分卡车通行。由于能耗少，现在铁路运输更加普遍。出于对飞机噪音的担心，我们在布鲁塞尔不得不改用噪音更低的货机，同时将布鲁塞尔的机场搬迁到人口较少的德国莱比锡。对环境的关注正在发展成为物流行业的主流。”第五大趋势是“结构流程组织的再发现”，这个概念主要基于提高效率和改善组织。第六大趋势是通信与运输行业公共服务的“监管解除和实现私有化。我们公司就是个很好的例子，”阿卡维说。全资拥有敦豪国际速递公司的德国邮政集团（deutsche post）过去也是死气沉沉、效率低下的德国国有邮政系统。在实施私有化和现代化改革后，德国邮政就开始盈利。接下来它开始考虑未来应该何去何从；它不能一直都只卖邮票。于是开始从提供单纯的邮政服务向一体化的物流与运输公司发展。第七大趋势是以股东价值为导向。“物流行业越来越注重核心竞争力。有些企业采取剥离部分业务的方法来集中开展核心业务。将运输业务外包日益流行，”这推动着敦豪国际速递等第三方供应商迅速拓展，同时也促进了专业化运输物流企业的增长。第八大也是最后一大趋势是通信技术更加先进。“我们可以通过互联网查询货物的地点所在。假如运输受阻可以立刻与服务中心联络。但现在通过手机就可以查询和联络。追踪和查询变得更加方便。我们公司可以自动追踪所有的运输货物，并且在客户发现货物尚