机床外文翻译---铣床国内外研究状况和发展趋势.docx

河北工程大学毕业设计 milling machine of domestic and international research status and development trendmachinery industry is the national economic development as basic industry which provides technology and equipment, it is science and technology of the foundation, is the carrier of industrialization of new and high technology, is the basis of national defense building industry, also be to raise people life quality to provide consumer electrical products industry. machinery industry with a high degree of industrial linkage, elasticity of demand, the growth of economy to promote action is strong, the accumulation of state and social employment contribution is big wait for a characteristic. invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, is comprehensively implement the scientific outlook on development, take new-style industrialized way, enhance international competition ability, implementation countryman economy continuable development strategy. machine tool industry is an important part of the machinery industry, machinery industry is to provide manufacturing technology and equipment industry. machine tools have an amount, yield, quality and quality, is a measure of a countrys industry an important indicator of the level of. so the machine tool industry in national economy and occupies an important position.machine tool is cutting the metal blank processing machine parts of the machine, it is a manufacturing machine, it is also known as the machine or machine tool. in the modern machinery manufacturing industry, metal cutting machine tool processing machine parts of the main equipment, it should work, approximately total machine workload of manufacturing from 40% to60%. machine tool technology directly affect the level of mechanical manufacturing industry product quality and labor productivity. milling cutter on the workpiece is milling machine. cnc milling machine is in general milling machine is developed on the basis of, two are basically the same processing technology, the structure is also somewhat similar, but the milling machine is programmed by automatic processing machine tool, so its structure is very different with ordinary milling machine. cnc milling machine cnc system, generally consists of a main transmission system, feed servo system, cooling and lubrication system of several major components. nc milling machine has stable and reliable work, convenient operation and maintenance, low operation cost characteristic, has become a modern production of major equipment. x62w milling machine is composed of a common machine tool and development. compared with other machine tools, it can complete many ordinary machine tool is difficult to be processed or not at all processing of complex surface processing. using x62w milling machine parts of the processing can improve the accuracy, the stability of product quality. x62w can be compared to the ordinary engine bed23 times improve productivity, complex parts processing, the productivity is increased by ten times or even several times. this machine has a flexible, only need to change procedures, can adapt to different varieties and specifications of automatic processing of parts. greatly reduce the labor intensity of the workers. it sets of mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, servo drive, precision measurement, automatic control, modern control theory, computer control technology in one, is a kind of high efficiency, high precision, and can ensure the processing quality, solve technology problems, but also has flexible production equipment.as the general mechanical processing equipment, milling machine in the internal combustion engine parts production has played an irreplaceable role. milling cutter on the workpiece is milling machine. in addition to plane milling machine milling, groove, tooth, thread and spline shaft, but also more complex surface machining, higher efficiency than the planer, in the machinery manufacturing and repair sector are widely used. the earliest milling machine is an american whitney in 1818created a horizontal milling machine for milling twist drill; the spiral groove, american brown in1862 to create the first universal milling machine, which is a lifting platform milling machine prototype;1884occurred during milling machines in longmen; in twentieth century 20appeared in the semi automatic milling machine, working table uses block can be to complete the feed - fast or fast - feeding automatic conversion. after 1950, milling machine control system in the aspects of development quickly, digital control applications greatly enhance the automation degree of the milling machine. especially after 70 time, microprocessor control system and automatic tool changing system in milling machine is used, expand the processing range of the milling machine, improves the processing precision and efficiency.milling machine type are many, is according to the layout of the form and scope of distinction, mainly has the lifting platform milling machine, milling machines in longmen, single column milling machine and milling machine, single-arm milling machine, milling machine tool, instrument. lifting platform milling machine universal type, horizontal and vertical several, mainly for the processing of small parts, the most widely used; including longmen longmen milling machine milling boring machine, longmen milling planer and double column milling machines, were used in the processing of large parts; single column milling machine horizontal milling head along the vertical post guide rail moving worktable, longitudinal feed; arm milling machine milling head can move horizontally along the cantilever guide, cantilever or along the vertical post guide rail height adjustment. single column milling machine, single-arm milling machine for processing of large parts.universal lifting platform milling machine is a kind of medium universal milling machine. suitable for garden milling cutter, angle cutter, cutter and cutter, milling, groove, angle, edge and gear, mounted on the attachment of vertical milling head, capable of multi-way cut milling; mount accessories rotary table, capable of milling ring groove and circular curve; loaded attachment dividing head later, as the modulus 4straight tooth helical tooth milling work. because the machine has wide application range, more in general repair and tool shop is a single or bulk production workshop in the use of the most suitable. the machine tool adopts a super audio quenching, plastic and other wear-resistant measures, so to maintain good accuracy; machine tool main shaft, gear and so on are made of high quality steel, and after heat treatment, so it has higher strength, can bear larger load; machine parts are machined, higher accuracy, in general to achieve three precision and the surface roughness ra3.2.instruments milling machine is a small lifting platform milling machine for processing, instrumentation and other small parts; tool milling machine is mainly used for the manufacture of molds and tools, with the vertical milling head, universal angle table and plugs and other accessories, can also carry out drilling, boring and slotting processing. other milling machine and milling machine, milling machine, the cam roller shaft neck of crankshaft milling machine, milling machine and square ingot milling machine and so on, they are all for the processing of a corresponding workpiece and the manufacture of special milling machine.in addition, according to the control mode, milling machine can be divided into copying milling machine, milling machine and milling machine and other process control.universal milling machine is widely used for the mechanical manufacturing industry, the mode of production, products and industry organization has brought profound changes, its technical level and have quantity, is a measure of a country and an important symbol of modernization level of enterprise.as a result of europe and the united states and other advanced industrial countries in80 years has completed the automatic machine tool industry process, some well-known machine tool company is committed to technological innovation and new product development leading cnc machine tool technology development, such as the united states of america ingersoll company and germany wheeler joy company for the automotive industry and aerospace industry, high-speed cnc milling machine in the development of japanese makino company the high precision machining center the contribution made by the german company wade rishi heavy duty in longmen, five processing milling machine and the development of japan mazak r & d car milling center on gao xiaofu and processing of propulsion and so on. from on 80 time have the century milling machine manufacturing industry development has ups and downs but to automatic control technology and automatic milling machine bed has been given great attention. after nine five automatic lathes and machining centers including automatic milling machine industry production base of the formation, the production of mid-range universal automatic milling machine function performance and reliability has a strong market competitiveness. the mechanical manufacturing industry of our country in 1949after the founding of the establishment and development of, to become a large-scale, wide range of industrial sectors. since20 years of our country is in a closed condition the development of self. chinas machinery manufacturing equipment level is very backward, product variety, low grade, most equipment is still in the twentieth century 6070age level. machinery manufacturing level is backward, but also seriously affect the mechanical manufacturing industry, and the whole manufacturing industry revitalize.therefore, we must further carry out a wide range of scientific research and technological revolution, to learn advanced foreign technology and own innovation, improve chinas rapid manufacturing equipment the technological level of products and market competitiveness.铣床国内外研究状况和发展趋势机械工业是为国民经济发展提供技术装备的基础性产业，是科学技术物化的基础，是高新技术产业化的载体，是国防建设的基础工业，也是为提高人民生活质量提供消费类机电产品的行业。机械工业具有产业关联度高，需求弹性大，对经济增长带动促进作用强，对国家积累和社会就业贡献大等特点。大力振兴机械装备制造业，是全面贯彻落实科学发展观、走新型工业化道路、提高国际竞争力、实现国民经济全面协调可持续发展的战略举措。机床工业则是机械工业的重要组成部分，是为机械工业提供制造技术和装备的工业。机床的拥有量，产量，品质和质量，是衡量一个国家工业水平的重要标志之一。因此机床工业在国名经济中占有及其重要地位。机床是用切削的方法将金属毛坯加工成机器零件的机器，它是制造机器的机器，所以又称为“工作母机”或“工具机”。 在现代机械制造工业中，金属切削机床是加工机器零件的主要设备，它所担负的工作量，约占机器总制造工作量的40%60%。机床的技术水平直接影响机械制造工业的产品质量和劳动生产率。铣床是用铣刀对工件进行铣削加工的机床。数控铣床是在一般铣床的基础上发展起来的,两都的加工工艺基本相同,结构也有些相似,但铣床是靠程序控制的自动加工机床,所以其结构也与普通铣床有很大区别。数控铣床一般由数控系统、主传动系统、进给伺服系统、冷却润滑系统等几大部分组成。数控自动铣床具有工作平稳可靠，操作维护方便，运转费用低的特点，已成为现代生产中的主要设备。x62w铣床是由普通机床发展而来。与其他机床相比，它能完成很多普通机床难以加工或者根本不能加工的复杂型面的加工。采用x62w铣床可以提高零件的加工精度，稳定产品的质量。x62w可以比普通机床提高23倍生产率，对复杂零件的加工，生产率可以提高十几倍甚至几十倍。 此机床具有柔性，只需更换程序，就可以适应不同品种及尺寸规格零件的自动加工。大大的减轻了工人的劳动强度。它集机械、液压、气动、伺服驱动、精密测量、电气自动控制、现代控制理论、计算机控制等技术于一体，是一种高效率、高精度能保证加工质量、解决工艺难题，而且又具有一定柔性的生产设备。作为机械加工的通用设备,铣床在内燃机配件的生产中一直起着不可替代的作用。铣床是用铣刀对工件进行铣削加工的机床。铣床除能铣削平面、沟槽、轮齿、螺纹和花键轴外，还能加工比较复杂的型面，效率较刨床高，在机械制造和修理部门得到广泛应用。 最早的铣床是美国人惠特尼于1818年创制的卧式铣床；为了铣削麻花钻头的螺旋槽，美国人布朗于1862年创制了第一台万能铣床，这是升降台铣床的雏形；1884年前后又出现了龙门铣床；二十世纪20年代出现了半自动铣床，工作台利用挡块可完成“进给-决速”或“决速-进给”的自动转换。 1950年以后，铣床在控制系统方面发展很快，数字控制的应用大大提高了铣床的自动化程度。尤其是70年代以后，微处理机的数字控制系统和自动换刀系统在铣床上得到应用，扩大了铣床的加工范围，提高了加工精度与效率。铣床