中考英语第2部分语法专题研究专题8动词和动词短语课件

第二部分 语法专题研究 专题八 动词和动词短语 (必考：每卷59道，7.514分，单选、完形、完成句子、短文填空） 命题点1 实义动词的用法及辨析 命题点2 近义动词辨析 命题点3 连系动词的用法及辨析 第一节 动词的用法及辨析 第二节 动词短语 第一节 动词的用法及辨析 （必考：每卷37道，511分，单选、完形、短文填空） 命题点1 实义动词的用法及辨析 (必考：每卷36道，59分，单选、完形、短文填空) 中考试练 1. He had a poor sight when he was in primary school, so he had to _ a pair of glasses. wear 2. Its a pity that he did very well in the competition but failed to _ the record. break 3. He _ to go to the party, so I had to go there instead. refused/failed 4. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees are _ around the city every year. 5. He _ his birthday with his family every year. 6. Its impolite to _ the managers office without knocking at the door at first. 7. To _ the environment, supermarkets dont provide free plastic bags for shoppers. planted celebrate enter protect 8. Last year, many of his short stories were _ into some foreign languages. 9. Soccer is a wonderful game for children. It _ great exercise, such as running and kicking. A. provides B. remains C. practises D. receives translated A 10. Dreams are beautiful. However, to _ them needs lots of time and work. A. discover B. find C. achieve D. stop 11. It is necessary for everyone to _ a good habit of reading. A. enjoy B. choose C. develop D. accept C C 12. When you _ yourself with others you miss the wonder of who you are. A. compare B. communicate C. contact D. connect 13. The movie is so interesting that I dont _ seeing it again tomorrow. A. enjoy B. mind C. keep D. finish A B 14. The school network will be shut down for safety reasons. That doesnt _ me at all. Im not a networm, anyway. A. satisfy B. surprise C. worry D. include 15. Whats wrong with Simon? He isnt at school today. His legs were hurt. He was _ by a motorcycle this morning. A. treated B. hit C. operated D. divided C B 16. The drivers have to _ the traffic rules and control themselves if they want to be safe on the road. A. follow B. break C. make D. create A 满分突破 分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，实义 动词辨析在完形填空中每年必考14道， 在单项选择中，仅2016 B卷和2009年各考 查1道，2015 A卷考查2道外，其余各卷均 未涉及。 另外，在短文填空中，每年也会查查12 道根据文章语语境填适当的动词动词 的题题，此时时要 考虑动词变单虑动词变单 三形式、现现在分词词、过过去式 和过过去分词词。且设题设题 考查动词查动词 的规则变规则变 化 ，较较少涉及不规则变规则变 化。考生可结结合话题话题 写作天天见见识记动词变过识记动词变过 去式、过过去分 词词的不规则规则 形式。 命题点2 近义动词辨析 (9年4卷5考，单选、完形) 中考试练 17. Where did you get the CD? From my friend. And I have _ it for three days. A. borrowed B. kept C. bought D. taken 18. A smile _ nothing, but gives much. A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spent B A 19. There was something wrong with the line. We couldnt _ each other clearly. A. listen B. sound C. hear D. speak 20. Has Jane done the washing yet? You cannot _ her to do such a thing. A. want B. hope C. expect D. wish 21. It was such a long way that they didnt _ the hotel until it became dark. A. reach to B. arrive at C. get D. take C C B 满分突破 分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，近义动词 辨析在2016年、2015年均未涉及，但2014 A卷 考查2道，2011、2010和2008年各考查1道，如 说话(say, talk, speak与tell)、借(borrow, lend ，与keep)、看(look, watch, see与read)等。 以下为几组中考常见的近义动词辨析： 1. speak, tell, talk 与say (2014 A卷43题，2010 年31题) 2. borrow, lend与keep (2014 A卷28题) 3. look, see, watch与read (2011年41题) 4. dress, be in, put on与wear (2008年36题) 具体讲解详见本书P14 具体讲解详见本书P61 具体讲解详见本书P10 具体讲解详见本书P15 5. bring, take, carry与fetch(get) 6. pay, spend, take与 cost 7. listen, hear与sound 8. arrive, reach与get to 具体讲解详见本书P17 具体讲解详见本书P23 具体讲解详见本书P9 具体讲解详见本书P16 9. give, offer, provide与supply 10. discover, invent与create 11. divide与separate 具体讲解详见本书P37 具体讲解详见本书P77 具体讲解详见本书P104 12. win与beat 具体讲解详见本书P36 命题点3 连系动词的用法及辨析 (轮考：9年4卷5考，单选、短文填空) 中考试练 22. TFBOYS songs _ sweet and many of us like listening to them. A. sound B. feel C. taste D. look 23. The new sweater I bought for my grandma _ soft. She likes it very much. A. looks B. smells C. tastes D. feel A D 24. The meat on the plate _ so delicious. Lets try it together. A. smells B. sounds C. sees D. feels 25. What about the blue skirt on the right? I think it will _ nice on you. A. feel B. look C. taste D. sound A B 26. There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly. It _ that a typhoon is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks C 满分突破 分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，连系动词 在单项选择中考查3次，在短文填空中考查2次 ，主要考查感官动词的用法及辨析。 连接主语和表示主语身份、性质、状态的 动词，称为连系动词。连系动词本身有词义， 但不能单独作谓语。具体分类如下表： 类别功能 例句 表示状态 表示主语所处的状态(2009年 84题) be, seem 表示持续 表示主语继续或保持某种身 份或状态 keep, remain， stay, stand, lie 表示感官 表示人体感官的系动词 (3考) look, feel, smell, taste, sound 表示状 态变化 表示主语从一种状态变换 到另一种状态(2016 A卷34 题) become, get, go, grow, turn 感官动词的具体用法详见本书P15 1. 一般情况下，连系动词没有被动语 态形式。 2. 表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行 时(feel除外)；表示状态变化的系动词可用 于进行时。如： Its getting warmer and warmer.天气 渐渐变得暖和。 注 意 第二节 动词短语 (必考：每卷14道，16.5分，单选、完形、完成句子) 中考试练 1. They heard the party was _ because of the exam. A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put down C 同一动词型 2. He ate a lot and did little exercise, so he _ 10 pounds. A. put on B. put away C. put out D. put off A 3. Helen is going to work in an Old Peoples Home to help _ the old people. A. look forward to B. look after C. look through D. look at 4. What are you going to do during the summer vacation? I am going to _ a new hobby like swimming or dancing. A. take off B. take up C. take after D. take in B B 5.We planned to meet at 10：30 at the station last Sunday, but Bob didnt _ until 12：00. A. turn up B. give up C. stay up D. grow up 6. This food is free. You dont have to _ it. A. look for B. pay for C. ask for D. wait for A B 同一介词/副词型 7. Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to _ A. deal with B. keep up with C. agree with D. come up with 8. Susan _ her friends invitation because of an important meeting. A. took down B. put down C. turned down D. wrote down A C 9. Life is a journey with trouble, but with care and wisdom you can _ any problem you face. A. work out B. hand out C. find out D. put out A 10. When will your new book _？ It has not been decided yet. A. find out B. come out C. look up D. set up 11. Its getting dark. Would you please _ the light? A. get on B. get off C. turn on D. turn off B C 混合型 12. They all _ Laura about building a museum here. A. waited for B. handed in C. agreed with D. knocked at 13. I heard Mary was in hospital. How come? Her health _ under the pressure of work. A. broke down B. broke out C. went down D. went out C A 14. The boy has a good habit to _ all the things in right places. A. put away B. put up C. take away D. take up 15. When I got to the bus stop, the early bus had left and I had to _ the next one. A. give up B. keep off C. call off D. wait for A D 16. 你外出的时候，不要忘了关窗户。 Dont leave the windows open when you _ _ 17. 当我们开会时，请关掉你的手机。 Please _ _ your mobile phone when we are having a meeting. goout turnoff 18. 如果你努力一些，你就会赶上你的同学 们。 If you work harder, youll _ _ with your classmates. 19. 人生价值并不取决于你是谁，而是你做什 么。 The value of life does not _ _ who you are, but what you do. catch up depend on 满分突破 分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，在单项选 择中每年都考查1道动词短语，且选项中一般 包含2个不同动词和2个不同介词/副词，在完 形填空中仅2016 B卷、2015A、B卷和2014 B 卷各考查1道，且为不同动词不同介词/副词 。完成句子中每年均会考查12道根据汉语提 示翻译动词短语，且往年考过的来年还有可能 考，如hear from考查过3次。 look短语 look after照料，照顾(3考)；look at看 (2016 B卷44题)；look forward to期盼 ；look up查阅，向上看；look through 浏览；look for寻找；look like看起来像 put短语 put off推迟(2014 B卷72题，2009年37题 )；put on穿上(2013 A卷35题)；put out 熄灭，出版；put up举手，张贴，搭建 ；put away放好，储存；put down记下 ，镇压 同一动词型 turn短语 turn on打开(2016 B卷32题，2015 B卷35 题)；turn down调小，拒绝；turn to向 求助；turn off关掉；turn up调大； turn on打开；turn in上交；turn out结果 是 take短语 take off(飞机)起飞，脱掉(衣服)(2011年40 题)；take after与相像；take on呈现 ，承担；take out取出；take away带走； take up占据；take down写下，记下； take back取回，撤销 get短语 get up起床，起来(2015 A卷78题，2013 B 卷72题)；get on/along with与相处 (2014 A卷38题)；get over克服；get on上 车；get to到达；get back回来；get out出 去；get in进入；get away from远离；get ready for为做准备 come短语 come true实现(2016 B卷78题，2015 B卷78 题)；come out出现，出版；come on加油 ，快点；come over突然感到；come along 出现，跟随 give短语 give up放弃(2014 B卷35题)；give in屈服 ，让步；give away捐赠；give out散发， 分发；give off发出(光、热等) go短语 go on继续；go back回到；go away走开， 离开；go by(时间)流逝；go over仔细检查 ；go off熄灭 talk短语 talk about谈论；talk with和交谈； talk aloud大声讨论；talk to与谈话 call短语 call for要求，需要；call up打电话； call on拜访，号召；call in召集，召来 think短语 think out仔细考虑，认真盘算； think about考虑；think over仔细考 虑；think of想起 up短语 give up放弃(2014 B卷35题)；wake up 醒来；stay up熬夜；set up建立； think up想出；clean up打扫；pick up 捡起；cheer up使高兴；grow up 长大；bring up提出，抚养；call up打 电话；put up搭建；fix up修理 out短语 work out算出，解决(2014 A卷72题)； find out查明(2010年40题)；look out小 心；hand ou