中考英语 第一部分 教材知识梳理 第20讲 九上 modules 78课件

第20讲 九年级(上)Modules 78 重点词汇拓展 1.discuss (v.) _(n.)讨论 2think (v.) _(n.)思想家 3wise (adj.)_ (adv.)明智地 4wellknown ( adj.) _(同义词)著名的 5dead (adj.)_ (v.)死_ (n.)死亡 6surprised (adj.)_ (v.)吃惊_ (n.)惊讶 7south (n.)_ (adj.)南方的 8act (v.)_ (n.)行动 discussion thinker wisely famous diedeath surprisesurprise southern action 9.everyday (adj.) _(同义词)日常的 10decide (v.)_ (n.)决定 11fair (adj.)_ (adv.)公平地 _(反义词)不公平的 12able (adj.)_ (n.)能力 13method (n.) _(同义词)方法 14break (v.) _(过去式) _(过去分词) 15Asian (n.&adj.)_ (n.)亚洲 16pride (n.)_ (adj.)自豪的 daily decision fairly unfair ability way brokebroken Asia proud 1.make _合情理；明智；有意义 2_ trouble 惹上麻烦 3run _逃走；逃脱 4for _一小段时间；一时 5_ for 为付出代价 6like sb. _ sth. 喜欢某人做某事 7take _ 拿走 8be _ 以为背景 9in _ 作为回报 10_过去常常 11_sb._影响某人 12_ for 是的缩写；代表 13no _决不；不可能 重点短语 sense get into away a time pay doing away set in return used to have influence on influence sb. stand way 14._ jump 跳高 15_ up 设立；创办 16_ 受(某种疾病)的折磨；因而受苦 17first _第一名；冠军 18_ sb. _ doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 19_be proud of 因而自豪 20play _对抗 21be _atbe angry with 生某人的气 22_ a _打破纪录 23_ number _许多 24because _因为；由于 high set sufferfrom place stop/keep/preventfrom take pride in against mad breakrecord aof of 重点句型 1.Whats _？什么事？ 2I think Id describe Confucius _a teacher and thinker _ a writer. 我认为我会把孔子视为一名作家，更是一位老师和思想家。 3We _ still _ Confuciuss ideas，and Shakespeares plays also _ a lot of _ us today. 今天我们仍然受孔子思想的影响，莎士比亚的戏剧也对我们有着非常重要的意义 。 4_ the way，_ do you _ Mark Twain，the greatest American writer in the _ century? 顺便问一下，你认为19世纪美国伟大的作家马克吐温怎么样？ 5I suppose he _ well known _ Confucius or Shakespeare. 我认为他没有孔子或莎士比亚出名。 up more as than areinfluenced by make sense to Bywhatthink of nineteenth isnt so/as as 8Daming _the team last time.上一 次大明没有入选这个队。 9In fact，he trained _ hard _ he hurt his foot. 事实上，他训练得如此艰苦以至于伤了他的脚。 10From 2008 on，he _ his foot problem. 从2008年以来，他颇受脚伤的折磨。 11_ is a pity that his foot problem _the 2012 London Olympic Games. 真遗憾，他的脚伤阻止了他参加2012年伦敦奥运会。 wasnt chosen for so that suffered a lot from stopped/kept/prevented him from competing It 语法 1.一般现在时的被动语态 (见本书P133) 2一般过去时的被动语态 (见本书P133) influence 【典例在线】 Dont let me influence your decision.不要让我影响你的决定。 Television has a strong influence on people.电视对人们有很大影响。 【拓展精析】 influence既可作动词，又可作名词，influence sb./sth.意为“影响某人/某物” ；have an influence on sb./sth.意为“对某人/事有影响”也可表达为“make a difference to sb./sth.” 【活学活用】 1)I found what we read can _(影响) our ways of thinking. 2)An iPad is really a great thing. I agree. However，every coin has two sides. Using iPad too much _(对有坏的影响)us. influence has a bad influence on suppose 【典例在线】 I suppose he will come back next week.我想他下周就会回来了。 You are supposed to shake hands when you meet for the first time in America. 在美国你们第一次见面时应该握手。 【拓展精析】 suppose 动词，意为“猜想；推测；相信；认为”。常用结构如下： be supposed to 应该做某事，被期望做某事 suppose sb./sth. to be. 猜测 supposethat从句 认为，猜想 若主句的主语是第一人称时，变否定句时要否定前移，类似用法的词还有 think，believe。 break 【典例在线】 You mustnt break rules.你不能违反规定。 We will have a break after class.课后我们将会稍微休息一会儿。 【拓展精析】 break既可作名词，又可作动词，它的过去式和过去分词分别是broke和 broken。 break动词意为“打碎；打破；使折断”。break the cup 打碎茶杯 意为“违背；违反”。break ones word违背 了诺言 意为“打破纪录 ；中断某事”。break the record打破纪录 意为“(天)亮；(消息)突然传出” 名词意为“间歇；休息时间 (尤指工作期间)” 意为“机会；运气(多用于口语中)” 【活学活用】 6)Why are you walking to school? Because the bus _(坏掉) on the way. 7)After a day of hard work，he felt tired and wanted to _( 休息一下) 8)We had to _(中止) our discussion because one of us suddenly got ill. broke down have a rest/break break off decision 【典例在线】 He has made a decision on the trip.就旅行方面他已经做了决定。 He made a decision to become a doctor.他决定成为一名医生。 【拓展精析】 decision可数名词，意为“决定，决心”，动词形式为decide。 相关短语： make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事；make a decision on sth./doing sth. 就某事/做某事 做出决定。 【活学活用】 9)I can made a decision_. 10)They made a decision_. on my job by myself to change their way to solve the problem suffer 【典例在线】 He suffers from several diseases at present.目前他身患几种疾病。 Yesterday he told a lie again，so he suffered punishment.昨天他又一次说 谎，所以他遭受了惩罚。 【拓展精析】 suffer是及物动词，意为“受到，遭受”，常用短语suffer from意为“遭受 之苦；患”。 【活学活用】 11)He _(遭受痛苦) the loss of his pupils respect. 12)He suffered a great deal _cold and hunger. suffered from stop sb. from doing sth. 【典例在线】 The workers had to work for hours to stop/keep/prevent the ship from going down.工人们不得不工作数小时来阻止船下沉。 【拓展精析】 stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，与keep/prevent sb. from doing sth.同义。 【注意】stop/prevent sb. from doing sth.中from可省略，而keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不可省略。 【活学活用】 13)The heavy rain didnt stop them _ working on. 14)What stopped you from _ (come) to the party? from coming Were still influenced by Confuciuss ideas.我们仍然受孔子思想的影响。 【典例在线】 I was asked to stand outside because I was late.我因为迟到被罚站在外面。 Paper is used for making books.纸是被用来制书的。 You should be taught to cook.你应该被教会做饭。 【拓展精析】 当表示“被(做)”时，句子用被动语态 来表达，即“动作的承受者be 过去分词”。动词的被动语态 也有各种时态，其时态的变化体现在be动词的 形式上。 一般现在时态 的被动语态am/is/are动词的过去分词 一般过去时态 的被动语态was/were动词的过去分词 一般将来时态 的被动语态willbe动词的过去分词 过去完成时态 的被动语态had been动词的过去分词 现在完成时态 的被动语态have/has been动词的过去分词 含有情态动词 的被动语态情态动词 be动词 的过去分词 【活学活用】 1)When you go abroad，youll find that so many products in local shops _(make) in China. 2)Our plan to clean the park _(discuss)tomorrow. 3)Mom，where is my model plane? Oh，it _(lend) to Jenny yesterday. 4)Children should _ (educate) to be honest from a young age. are made will be discussed was lent be educated dying，die，dead与death 【典例在线】 The doctor tried to save the dying boy.这个医生尽力去抢救这个生命垂危的孩 子。 His father died ten years ago.他的爸爸十年前死了。 The poor man has been dead for five years.那个可怜的男子已经死了五年了。 It was a matter of life and death to them.对他们来说这是生死攸关的事情。 【拓展精析】 dying形容词意思是“快死的”，可作表语和定语 die不及物动词意为“死”，强调“死”的动作，它 是一个终止性动词 ，一般和过去时连 用，不能和表时间 段的状语连 用 dead形容词意思是“死的”，强调“死”的状态 ，一般作表语和定语。常与表时间 段 的状语连 用 death名词意为“死；死亡” 【活学活用】 1)The dog has been _for about two months. 2)His dog _ two years ago. 3)The police were surprised at his _ 4)The poor dog had no food.It was _ dead died death dying be made of，be made from，be made into，be made in，be made by与be made up of 【典例在线】 This salad is made of apple，pear，potato and celery.这份沙拉是由苹果、 梨、土豆和芹菜做成的。 Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄酿成的。 This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一 个小凳子。 These caps are made in Russia.这些帽子产于俄罗斯。 The model car was made by him.这个模型汽车是他制作的。 Our class is made up of 50 students.我们的班级是由50个学生组成的。 【拓展精析】 be made of意为“由制 成” 制成品中可以看得出原材料 be made from 意为“由制 成” 制成的物品完全失去了原材料的外形 或特征，或原材料在制作的过程中 发生了化学变化，在成品中已经无 法辨认 be made into意为“被制成 ” into后接成品 be made in意为“在某地被 制造” in后接地点 be made by意为“被某人制 造” by后接执行这个动作的人 be made up of 意为“由组 成” 通常指由许多部分组成 【活学活用】 be made of，be made from，be made in be made by，be made up of 5)The model plane _used wood and glass and the hats _grass. 6)Your new skirt looks beautiful. Is it _cotton? Yes，and its _Japan. 7)This pair of shoes _hand，and it feels very comfortable. 8)The research group _15 members has made great achievements in recent years. is made of are made from made of made in is made by made up of alive，living，live与lively 【典例在线】 Everyone is very pleased to find that they are alive.大家都很高兴地发现他们 还活着。 All living things need air.所有的生物都需要空气。 Have you seen a live whale？你见过活的鲸鱼吗？ He is a lively and clever boy.他是一个活泼且聪明的孩子。 【拓展精析】 alive，living和live都有“活着的”之意，其区别如下： 单词用法 alive表语(