高中英语 unit 3 computers单元质量评估 新人教版必修

系统掌握蕴含其中的马克思主义立场观点方法，要在系统学习、深刻领会、科学把握习近平教育思想上下功夫。精心组织开展学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神知识问答活动。单元质量评估(三)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 AToday，we are told，children dont spend enough time in the fresh air.Many of them are addicted to a screen either on a computer or a TVthey seem to be living in a virtual world.They have lost touch with nature.But now 400 organizations in the UK，from playgroups to the National Health Service，are encouraging children to have some “wild time”They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside.Activities such as building dens(窝)，climbing trees，searching for nuts and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do.Even if they live in a city，they can go on adventures in the garden or the park.Children often need a helping hand from mum and dad.They need to be shown what to do and where to go.Andy Simpson from National Health Service says，“We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids development，independence and creativity，by giving wild time a go.”So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now，it seems that going back to basics and experiencing “natures playground” is what modern children need.David Bond from Project Wild Thing says，“We need to make more space for wild time in childrens daily routine，freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted.”This might sound a bit old fashioned to you or maybe，like me，its made you think about sticking on your boots，getting outdoors and reliving your childhood.Theres no age limit on enjoying yourself!【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章鼓励孩子们远离电脑和电视，到户外尽情地玩耍。1What is the best title of the text?AWild time for childrenBBenefits of wild timeCMore space for childrenDAdventures of children解析：主旨大意题。第二段开头的But所在的句子点明了文章主旨，即鼓励孩子们有“狂欢的时间”。故选A项。答案：A2According to Andy Simpson，we know that _Awild time is hard to designBwild time is beneficial for childrenCparents know the importance of wild timeDparents like keeping their children indoors解析：细节理解题。从第三段的最后一句中的“We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids development，independence and creativity，by giving wild time a go.”可知，选择B项。答案：B3Whats the main idea of Paragraph 4?AModern children need wild time.BAdults value outdoor activities.CThe present world is complicated.DThis generation of kids have no freedom.解析：主旨大意题。第四段第一句中的“it seems that going back to basics and experiencing natures playground is what modern children need”是段意所在，故选A项。答案：A4The last paragraph suggests that _Apeople like recalling the pastBit is out of date to go outdoorsCit is too late for adults to enjoy natureDpeople at any age can enjoy wild time解析：推理判断题。从最后一段的最后一句“Theres no age limit on enjoying yourself！”可推知，任何年龄的人都可以享受狂欢的时间。答案：DBMark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously.Jason was determined not to go against their fathers wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother.He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.“Dad will be really mad if he finds out youve been playing with his new computer.”Jason said，“He told us not to touch it.”“He wont find out.”Mark said，“Ill just have a quick look and shut it down.”Mark had been scolded before for touching his fathers equipment.But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.It was a strangelooking machineone his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked.“Its an experimental model，”his father had explained，“so dont touch it under any circumstances.” But his fathers warning only served to make Mark more curious.Without any further thought，Mark turned on the power switch.The computer burst into life and seconds later，the screen turned into colours，shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the centre of the screen：“SPACE TRANSPORTER.”“Yes！”Mark cried excitedly, “Its a computer game.I knew it！Dads only been pretending to work.Hes really been playing games instead.”A new message appeared on the screen：“ENTER NAMESVOYAGER 1：.VOYAGER 2：.”Marks fingers flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their names.“INPUT ACCEPTED.START TRANSPORT PROGRAMME. AUTORETRIEVE INITIATED(自动回收程序已启动)”The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.“I think wed better shut it off，Mark，” Jason yelled，reaching for the power switch.He was really frightened.But his hand never reached the switch.A single beam of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen, wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒)，until they themselves seemed to be glowing.Then it died down just as suddenly as it had burst into life.And the boys were no longer there.On the screen，the letters changed.“TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL.DESTINATION(目的地)：MARS.RETRIEVE DATE：2025.”【语篇解读】小男孩不顾父亲的警告打开了父亲从实验室带回的实验模具，结果他们被送往了2025年的火星。5Why did Mark touch the computer against his fathers warning?AHe wanted to take a voyage.BHe wanted to practise his skill.CHe was so much attracted by it.DHe was eager to do an experiment.解析：细节理解题。根据“But his fathers warning only served to make Mark more curious.Without any further thought，Mark turned on the power switch.”可知他爸爸的警告仅仅使得马克更加好奇，马克没有多想就打开了开关，故选择C。答案：C6Where did the boys father most likely work?AIn an electronic factory.BIn a computer company.CIn a scientific research centre.DIn an information processing centre.解析：推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.”以及第五段第一句“.one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked.”可知答案。答案：C 7Mark thought “SPACE TRANSPORTER” on the screen was the name of _Aa computer game Ba company websiteCa software producer Dan astronomy programme解析：细节理解题。由第六段中的“Its a computer game.I knew it！”可知选择A。答案：A8Why did Jason want to shut off the computer?AHe was afraid of being scolded.BHe didnt like the loud noise and light.CHe didnt want to play games any more.DHe was afraid something dangerous might happen.解析：推理判断题。由倒数第四段“The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.”及倒数第三段中的“He was really frightened.”可判断选D。答案：D COctober 15th is Global Handwashing Day.Activities are planned in more than twenty countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap.Experts say people around the world wash their hands but very few use soap at socalled critical moments.These include after using the toilet，after cleaning a baby and before touching food.Global Handwashing Day is the idea of the Global PublicPrivate Partnership for Handwashing(PPPHW)The goal，they say，is to create a culture of handwashing with soap.The organizers say all soap is equally effective in removing diseasecausing germs(细菌)They say the correct way to wash is to wet your hands with a little water and cover them with soap.Rub it into all areas，including under the fingernails. Then，wash well under running water.Finally，dry your hands with a clean cloth.The PPPHW says soap is important because it increases the time that people spend washing.Soap also helps to break up the dirt that holds most of the germs.And it usually leaves a pleasant smell，which increases the chances that people will wash again.It also says that washing hands with soap before eating and after using the toilet could save more lives than any medicine.It could help reduce cases of diarrhea (痢疾)，which is the second biggest cause of child deaths，killing more than one and a half million children a year.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了全球洗手日的日期、提出者、目的等相关信息。9What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?ATo keep healthy by washing hands.BTo wash hands with soap.CTo take action to wash hands.DTo wash hands often.解析：作者意图题。结合全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，作者写这篇文章意在告诉人们用肥皂洗手。答案：B 10Which of the following is the right way to wash hands?aWashing hands well under running water.bCovering hands with soap.cDrying hands.dRubbing hands with soap.eWetting hands.Aacbed BedabcCacbde Debdac解析：细节理解题。第三段介绍了洗手的正确方法：wet your hands；cover them with soap；Rub it into all areas；wash well under running water；dry your hands with a clean cloth。因此D项的排序正确。答案：D11Which fact CANT explain why soap is important?AIt gives people a longer handwashing time.BIt helps to remove a lot of germs from hands.CIts smell attracts people to more handwashing.DIt gets all people into the habit of washing hands.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，肥皂的重要性有三点：一是增加洗手的时间；二是帮助清除细菌；三是肥皂的香味儿增加人们洗手的概率。因此可排除D项。答案：D DWhat makes you happy？Music？Money？Spending time with friends?For American young people，family time is the main source(来源)of happiness，according to a recent survey(民意调查)of 1，280 American young people.Most of them say it is a good relationship with their parents that makes them happy.“My mum tells me that，even if I do something silly，shes still going to love me no matter what happens.Just knowing that makes me feel very happy.”says Kristiana St John，17，a high school student in New York.After family，it is relationships with friends that seem to matter most.There are also many other kinds of answers given to the “What makes you happy？”question.For Chad Fiedler，17，happiness is “just waking up in the morning and looking forward to what hes going to do that day”And for Esohe Roland, 14，its “Playing the trumpet(小号)in his school band”So，what is happiness？Lets hear what Chinese teenagers want to say.For Bao Yiqiao，15，Beijing，happiness comes from success brought by hard work.She felt happy when she was admitted to a top high school.She was happy when she came fifth in a recent swimming competition.For Jiang Wenyu，17，Dalian，spending time with his family makes him happy.Whenever he feels down at school，his parents encourage him to go on.They always help him to find a way out.【语篇解读】不同的人对幸福有不同的感受和理解。12_ matters most for American young people.AHaving a lot of moneyBEnjoying musicCGood relationships with their friendsDA good relationship with their parents解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，对美国年轻人来说，他们感到幸福的主要来源是和家人(父母)的良好关系。故D项切题。答案：D13Which of the following might make Bao Yiqiao happy?AGetting on well with her parents.BPlaying computer games all day.CTaking the 2nd place in the table tennis competition.DOffering others timely help.解析：推理理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句话可知，她的幸福主要来源于通过努力所获得的成功。故C项切题。答案：C14We can learn from the passage that _AKristiana St John often does silly thingsBEsohe Roland is fond of playing the guitarCChad Fiedler feels happy when looking forward to the futureDJiang Wenyus parents never help him with his lessons解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句话可知C项切题。答案：C15It can be inferred from the passage that _Athe Americans dont believe hard work can lead to successBthe Chinese children dont have a good relationship with their parentsCthe Chinese and the Americans share the same ideas of happinessDdifferent people have different ideas of happiness解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，不同的人对幸福有不同的理解。故D项切题。答案：D第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Here are four principles(行为准则)I live by.Whenever I follow these guidelines，I am at my very best，feeling productive and happy.Devote time.No matter how gifted we may be，its wrong to think we can do it all._16_ The value of our achievements is greatly determined by what we spend our time on.We need to realize that every day we should devote the time to what matters and have the courage to let the unimportant stuff go.Focus your attention.Very often it seems that we just cant focus our attention，even though we know what we should be doing，right？Resistance(阻力)makes us get disturbed by distractions(分散注意力的事)_17_ Developing a plan for overcoming resistance is important for maximum productivity.18_We need to make a balance between work and play，between creation and pleasure._19_ Even if we feel energetic to work long hours，the most effective longterm way is to hold ourselves back when we feel crazy and follow a proper pace instead.Keep moving on.More important than setting big goals is to just keep going.I know this goes against most of the “set great goals for yourself” advice，but its what works for me._20_ And it always made me more worried than it helped.Now，what does work for me is to think about how to improve my life and take small steps to make it happen.ADevelop a proper pace.BActually，we can do something，but not everything.CTake a oneminute selfassessment at the end of the day.DThese are obstacles(阻碍)even for the most determined people.EIts in each step that yon learn and adjust your direction.FWe should take our leisure time as seriously as our work time.GGoing after a “big aim” was something that made me feel uncomfortable.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章简要地向读者介绍了作者在生活中坚守的四个原则。16解析：根据语境可知，此空是对前一句的解释说明；又根据空前的“its wrong to think we can do it all”和B项中的“we can do something，but not everything”相呼应可知，选B项。答案：B17解析：D项中的obstacles和空前的distractions相呼应，故D项符合语境。答案：D18解析：本段主要讲的是要在工作和娱乐之间保持平衡。最后一句话中的“follow a proper pace”也是提示。答案：A19解析：F项中的leisure time和work time构成对比，和空前的“between work and play，between creation and pleasure”相呼应。故选F项。答案：F20解析：G项中的“abig aim”和空前的“set great goals”相呼应。且空后一句与G项并列描述了设定大目标对“我”不好的影响，联系密切，故选G项。答案：G 第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sometimes the greatest gift for a mother is the smallest details of her childs life.When I was busy with my housework in the _21_，I was surprised to find the front door was _22_ suddenly.Julie，my oldest child，came in.Shed been married for three months.I was still trying to get used to her _23_ elsewhere.Sometimes I even set her place at the table without _24_Julie handed me a small bunch of daffodils(黄水仙)and said，“Guess what！”_25_ she opened the box on the table and bent to see what was inside.As I put the flowers in _26_，I answered happily，“What？”She began telling me some small _27_ of her new life as she made herself a sandwich.Shed learned to make cakes by herself，and her boss was _28_ with her because of her hard work.We sat at the kitchen table，and I _29_ her eat，listening to her every word _30_It was a short visit.Julie had to go to work.I thanked her for the_31_ and her visit；then I walked to the door with her and _32_ as she drove out of the yard.33_ in the kitchen I sat and looked at the flowers.My daughters _34_ was as bright and dear as the _35_ spring daffodils.Suddenly，I _36_ the phone and dialed(拨)my own mothers number.She lived one hundred miles away.When she _37_ it，I said，“Guess what！”“What？” she answered hopefully.Like Julie I didnt have any _38_ news，just little details of the day and the children，_39_Id come to understand in the last hour how valuable a small talk can be.Just before I _40_up，my mother said，“You made my day.”【语篇解读】本文主要告诉我们要常回家看看，和母亲讲讲生活中的一些琐事就是给母亲最好的礼物。21A.kitchen BbedroomCstudy Dsitting room解析：根据文章第三段中的“We sat at the kitchen table”及第四段第一句中的“_33_ in the kitchen”可知A项正确。答案：A22A.closed BopenedCraised Ddropped解析：根据下文可知，作者的女儿进来了，所以门被打开了。故B项正确。答案：B23A.studying BplayingCliving Dappearing解析：上文提到女儿已经结婚三个月了，但是作者还是不习惯女儿在其他地方住。故C项正确。答案：C24A.feeling BseeingClistening Dthinking解析：作者有时候想都没想就给女儿在餐桌上留位置。故D项正确。答案：D25A.though BonceCif Das解析：女儿递花给作者和打开盒子看这两个动作是同时发生的。as“当时，随着”，符合语境，故选D。答案：D26A.water Bfood Cblood Dair解析：根据常识可知，应是把花放到水中。故选A。答案：A27A.jokes BexperimentsCdetails Dmemories解析：根据文章第一段的提示以及下面所列举的女儿的生活细节可知，C项正确。答案：C28A.full BsureCashamed Dsatisfied解析：根据此空后面的“because of her hard work”可知，老板对她的工作很满意。故D项正确。答案：D29A.let BwatchedChad Dmade解析：作者和女儿坐在餐桌旁，作者看着女儿吃，高兴地听着女儿说的每一句话。故B项正确。答案：B30A.safely BbravelyChappily Dstrangely解析：参见上题解析。答案：C31A.sandwiches BcakesCflowers Dpresents 解析：根据第24题后面的“Julie handed me a small bunch of daffodils”可知她给母亲带来的是鲜花。答案：C32A.stayed BwavedCsang Dcried解析：女儿开车离开时，作者与她挥手告别。故B项正确。答案：B33A.Further BNearbyCUp DBack解析：根据上文可知，为了送女儿，作者出了厨房，而现在作者回到了厨房。故D项正确。答案：D34A.visit BtripCgreeting Dsmile解析：女儿的来访(visit)像早春的水仙花一样鲜艳与珍贵。故选A。答案：A35A.last Bnext Cearly Dlate解析：根据语境及常识可知，只有早春的花儿才显得鲜艳和珍贵。故C项正确。答案：C36A.picked out Bpicked upCmade out Dmade up解析：女儿的来访给了作者启发，使作者想到了自己的母亲，因而作者拿起(picked up)电话打给自己的母亲。答案：B37A.answered BsaidCreplied Dthought解析：根据下文可知，作者的母亲接听了(answered)电话。故A项正确。answer the phone接电话。答案：A38A.good Bbad Csmall Dbig解析：根据第一段中的smallest可知应选big，和后面的little相对应。故D项正确。答案：D39A.so Bor Cbut Dand解析：此空所在句与上一句之间构成转折关系。故C项正确。答案：C40A.pickedBhungCbrought Dgave解析：由第36题所在的句子可知作者给自己的母亲打了电话。pick up“捡起，学会”；hang up“挂断电话”；bring up“抚养”；give up“放弃”。答案：B第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Charles Babbage，born in 1791，was an English mathematician and inventor，who is 41._(wide)recognized as the first pioneer of the computer.Charles Babbage 42._ (educate)mainly at home when he was a child.By the time he attended Cambridge University in 1810 he was very interested in mathematics.After 43._ Babbage was hired by the Royal Institution to lecture on calculus.Within two years he had been elected a member of the Royal Society.Babbage began in 1822 with 44._ he called the difference engine，a machine that could perform 45._(mathemati