高考英语二轮复习 专题限时集训15 阅读理解训练1 细节理解题（）

系统掌握蕴含其中的马克思主义立场观点方法，要在系统学习、深刻领会、科学把握习近平教育思想上下功夫。精心组织开展学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神知识问答活动。专题限时集训(十五)阅读理解训练1细节理解题()A(2016河北冀州中学模拟)High Speed Learning CenterExpress Your OpinionThe Letters to the Editor column in your local paper is a public place for expressing opinions on matters of interest to all citizens.In this course，you will learn how to express your opinions well and improve your chances of getting your letter published.Fridays，8：4510：00 pm.Write It RightWriting a research paper involves more than gathering information.It is essential to organize your information，document your sources，and express your ideas clearly.This course is specifically designed for students preparing to enter college.Tuesdays，3：305：00 pm.Fiction WorkshopThis course is for writers who are currently working on a novel or short story.Class time will be spent reading and critiquing(评论)classmates work.Saturdays，9：3011：30 am.Report ItHave you always dreamed of being a journalist for a newspaper or magazine? This course will cover the basics of gathering news and turning it into interesting newspaper and magazine articles.Wednesdays，1：003：00 pm.Writing to SellIn this course，you will learn to write advertisements that will attract more customers to your products or business.Previous business writing experience is required.Thursdays，9：3011：30 am.Retelling Old FavoritesDo you remember the traditional fairy tales that you loved as a kid? In this course，you will rewrite some of your favorite old tales in new ways that will delight youngsters in your life.Tuesdays，5：007：00 pm.The Art of Correspondence(通信)Have you always wished you could write more elegantly? This course will help you develop your own style when writing letters of friendship，thanks，invitation，congratulations，and so on.Mondays，5：007：00 pm.本文是一篇广告。主要介绍了High Speed Learning Center推出的几门课程。1Expressing Your Opinion will help you A. get your views publishedBbecome a local papers editorCwrite a letter in your own style Dattract the interest of most citizensA细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In this course，you will learn how to express your opinions well and improve your chances of getting your letter published.”可知。2Those who are going to start university may choose AWriting to Sell B. Write It RightCExpress Your Opinion DThe Art of CorrespondenceB细节理解题。根据Write It Right部分中的“This course is specifically designed for students preparing to enter college.”可知。3If you are interested in recreating fairy tales，you may choose the class Aat 1：003：00p.m.on WednesdaysBat 5：007：00 pm.on TuesdaysCat 8：4510：00 pm.on Fridays Dat 9：3011：30 am.on ThursdaysB细节理解题。根据Retelling Old Favorites部分可知。【导学号：85602064】B(2016洛阳模拟)A team of British surgeons has carried out Gazas (加沙) first organ transplant for a longterm plan to train local medical staff to perform the operations.Two patients underwent kidney (肾脏) transplants at the Shifa，Gazas biggest public hospital.The operations were conducted a fortnight ago by a volunteer medical team from the Royal Liverpool hospital.Ziad Matouk，42，was born with one kidney and was diagnosed with renal failure (肾衰竭) several years ago.Matouk，whose wife donated one of her kidneys，hopes to return to his job within six months.The couple had sought a transplant in Cairo，but were rejected as unsuitable at a state hospital and could not afford the fee at a private hospital.“We were desperate，” said Matouk.The UKGaza linkup began about a year ago after Abdelkader Hammad，a doctor at the Royal Liverpool hospital，was contacted by an anaesthetist (麻醉师) at the Shifa，who outlined the difficulties the Gaza hospital was facing with dialysis (透析)The Shifa is forced to rely on generators because of power cuts; spare parts for its aging dialysis machines have been difficult to import; and supplies of consumables are often scarce.After an exploratory trip last April，Hammad，whose family is Palestinian，and three colleagues from Liverpool arrived in Gaza via Egypt last month，bringing specialist equipment.Two patients were selected for surgery.The first，Mohammed Duhair，42，received a kidney donated by his younger brother in a sixhour operation.Two days later，Matouk received a transplant after his wife，Nadia，36，was found to be a good match.The surgery was carried out by the British team，assisted by doctors and nurses from the Shifa.“We are very satisfied with the results，” said Sobbi Skaik，head of surgery at the Gaza hospital.Skaik hopes that Gaza medical teams will eventually carry out kidney transplants independently，and that other organ transplants may follow.The Shifa is working with the Gaza ministry of health on a plan to train its doctors，surgeons，nursing staff and laboratory technicians in transplant surgery at the Royal Liverpool.“Funding is a problem，” said Hammad.“In the meantime well go back as volunteers to Gaza for the next couple of years to do more transplants.”The Liverpool teams next visit is scheduled for May.本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了加沙因为缺乏专业的外科手术医生而和英国的Royal Liverpool医院合作，通过做第一个器官移植手术，培训当地的医生。4What effect does Gazas first organ transplant hope to get?AHelping poor Gaza people to regain health to make more money.BReleasing Gaza hospitals pressure of lack of professional doctors.CAssisting the Royal Liverpool hospital in perfecting their operations.DCalling for international attention at Gazas poor medical service.B细节理解题。根据文章的第一段“A team of British surgeons has carried out Gazas (加沙) first organ transplant for a longterm plan to train local medical staff to perform the operations.”可知，加沙的第一个器官移植希望得到的效果是培训当地的医生。5What is the beginning of the cooperation between the Royal Liverpool hospital and Gaza? AA UK doctor contacted Gaza hospital.BThe Shifa imported medical machines from the UK.CZiad Matouks condition seemed to get worse.DA Shifa doctor turned to Royal Liverpool hospital for help.D推理判断题。根据第四段的首句可知， Royal Liverpool hospital和Gaza的合作始于Shifa的一个医生向Royal Liverpool hospital的求助。6What did Dr.Hammad and his team do recently?AThey had an exploratory trip in Egypt last April.BThey carried out surgeries to test Gazas medical equipment.CThey carried out two transplant surgeries in Gaza.DThey sought assistance from the hospital of the Shifa.C细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，Dr.Hammad和他的团队最近在加沙实施了两个移植手术， 故C项正确。【导学号：85602065】C(2016山东师范大学附中模拟)Like people，plants experience stress.And also，like people，the response to that stress can determine success.Bad environmental conditions，such as drought，flood，heat and other stresses，affect yields(产量) more than crop pests and diseases.We are trying to find a way to equip plants with the ability to tolerate environmental stress and maintain high yields，said Stephen Howell，a professor of genetics and cell biology.Plant cells produce proteins (蛋白质) and ship them to different parts of the cell.Under normal conditions，these proteins are folded into their normal，healthy structures as they are produced.When a plant is under stress，its cells produce poorly folded or unfolded proteins.Then a builtin system senses this and “sets off an alarm in the cell，” said Howell.In response to the alarm，another protein (IRE1) starts working and creates a different process which activates (激活) the stress response genes whose products bring about defensive measures that help the plant survive.“As it turns out，responses that are activated under stress conditions actually inhibit the growth of plants，” said Howell.“This allows them to preserve their energy to survive the stress conditions.”For plants in the wild，this response is a help for survival，he said.In production of agriculture crops，however，this response reduces yields.“You dont want crop plants to stop growing，” Howell said.“You want them to continue to grow and produce even though they are under stress.”With the new understanding of this stress response，the next step may be to silence the alarm system，said Howell.“What may be important is to disable some of these stress responses.That may make the plant more productive under stress conditions.”本文是一篇说明文。植物像人一样，也有压力，而它们对压力的反应能决定高产与否。Howell打算通过使植物中的“警报”停止工作来使作物保持高产量。7According to the text，an alarm in the plant cells is caused by Athe folded proteins Bthe changed proteinsCthe defensive measures Dthe stress response genesB细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“When a plant is under stress，its cells produce poorly folded or unfolded proteins.Then a builtin system senses this and sets off an alarm in the cell， said Howell.”可知植物细胞里的警报装置是由蛋白质的变化导致的。8The energy preserved in the plants under stress conditions Ahelps the plants to survive Bhelps to maintain high yieldsCkeeps the plants growing Dhelps to produce proteinsA细节理解题。根据文章第