To-be-or-not-to-be-翻译赏析.docx

To be, or not to be, that is the question:Whether tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? To die, to sleep-No more- and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to: tis a consummationDevoutly to be wished. To die, to sleep:To sleep, perchance to dream: ay, theres the rub,For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause: theres the respectThat makes calamity of so long life,For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,The oppressors wrong, the proud mans contumely,The pangs of despised love, the laws delay,The insolence of office and the spurnsThat patient merit of the unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death,The undiscovered country from whose bournNo traveller returns, puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all:And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied oer with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.Notes1. sling 投石器,投石环索;弹弓2. perchance perhaps3. rub difficulty or drawback4. shuffle off avoid doing sth5. mortal coil mortal coil is literary term that means the troubles of daily life and the strife and suffering of the world6. spurn reject or refuse (sb/sth) scornfully or contemptuously7. quietus release from life; extinction 死亡; 灭绝8. fardel a burden9. orison prayer【散文体，朱生豪 译】生存还是毁灭这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的毒箭和暴虐，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难，在奋斗中结束了一切，这两种行为，哪一种是更勇敢的？死了；睡着了；什么都完了；要是在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其它的无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可以以此消失，那正是我们所求之不得的结局。死了，睡着了；睡着了也许还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具腐朽的皮囊之后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。人们甘心困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故；谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲，压迫者的凌辱，傲慢者的冷眼，被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛，法律的迁延，官吏的横暴，和微贱者费尽辛苦所换来的鄙视，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己的一生？谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，那从来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它所迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的折磨，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？这样理智使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的炽热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。且慢！美丽的奥菲利亚！女神，在你的祈祷之中，不要忘记替我忏悔我的罪孽。【诗歌体，卞之琳 译】活下去还是不活：这是个问题。要做到高贵，究竟该忍气吞声来忍受狂暴的命运矢石交攻呢，还是该挺身反抗无边的苦恼，扫它个干净？死，就是睡眠就这样；而如果睡眠就等于了结了，心痛以及千百种身体所要担受的，皮痛肉痛，那该是天大的好事，正求之不得啊！死，就是睡眠；睡眠，也许要做梦，这就麻烦了！我们一旦摆脱了尘世牵缠，在死的睡眠里还会做些什么梦，一想到就不能不踌躇。这一点顾虑正好使灾难变成了长期的折磨。谁甘心忍受人生的鞭挞和嘲弄，忍受压迫者的虐待，傲慢者的凌辱，忍受失恋的痛苦，法庭的拖延，衙门的横暴，做埋头苦干的人才、受作福作威的小人一脚踢出去，如果他只消自己来使一下尖刀就可以得到解脱啊？谁甘心挑担子，拖着疲惫的生命，呻吟，流汗，要是怕已死去就去了没有人回来的那个从未被发现的国土，怕那边还不知会怎样，因此意志动摇了，因此便宁愿忍受目前的灾殃，而不愿意投奔另一些未知的苦难？这样子，顾虑使我们变成了懦夫，也就这样子，决断决行的本色蒙上了惨白的一层思虑的病容；本可以轰轰烈烈地大作大为，由于这一点想不通，就出了别扭，失去了行动的名分。啊，别做声！美丽的莪菲莉亚女神，你做祈祷别忘掉也替我忏悔罪恶。 谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟