《宾语从句讲义》word版.doc

初中英语语法宾语从句讲解概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，可做谓语动词/介词短语的宾语。E.g:Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing”. Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语) MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)中考考点：连接词的原则宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句的连接词(1) that引导宾语从句时无意义，无成分，可省略Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere.(2) whether或if引导的(是否），句尾有or not时，只能用whether Sheaskedif/whetherIwasinterestedingeography. 21*cnjy*comcnjImnotsurewhetherhewillcomeornot. 注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外a.介词短语后只用whether不用if e.g:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwellgoonthepanic.b.引导词与动词不定式(to do)或ornot连用时，只用whether.e.g:Icantsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.c.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示如果，不能用whether.E.g:Ifyouwanttobeagoodteacher,itwilltaketimes. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为：What，which，who，whom，whose.when,where,why，how宾语从句语序：陈述语序，主+谓+其他解题技巧；淘汰疑问语序 :be/助动词/情态动词+主语Can you tell me how old you are.注意：有些问句，疑问词就是句子的主语，所以问句本身就是陈述语序，在变成宾语从句时无需发生变化。What is happening over there？-Do you know what is happening over there？Whats wrong with you？What is the matter？.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制，可按需要使用任何时态(主现从任)e.g:Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?【来源：21世纪教育网】ShesayssheisgoingtogotoBeijingnextweek.Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时）主过从必过Shedidntknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(一般过去)Tom said he was reading a book at this time yesterday.（过去进行时）Ididntknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.（过去完成）IwonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.（过去将来）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。 主任从现E.g:Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）Theteachertoldus（seeingisbelieving.）巩固练习1.Haveyoudecided_forAustralia? A.whenwillyouleave B.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhen D.whenyouwillleave2.Canyoutellme_? A.wheredoesTomlive B.whereTomlive C.Tomliveswhere D.whereTomlives3.Theoldmanaskedme_. A.wherewasthecinema B.whereisthecinema 21教育名师原创作品C.wherethecinemawas D.wherewasthewaytothecinema4.Ithink_youwilllikehim. A.that B.if C.why D.how5.Ididntknow_hewillcomeornot.A.that B.whether C.weather D.how21世纪教育网版权所有6.Iwonder_. A.howmuchcosttheseshoes B.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescost D.howmucharetheseshoescost7.Sheaskedme_A.whohewas B.whowashe C.whoishe D.whoheis8.Askhim_. A.whosecupthisis B.whosecupisthis C.thisiswhosecup D.whoseisthiscup9.Idontknow_. A.whattimethemoviestarts B.whattimestartsthemovie21cnjyC.thetimetostartthemovie D.themoviewhattimestarts10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong_. A.wasIill B.haveIbeenill C.Ihavebeenill D.Ihadbeenill11.Theweatherforecastdoesntsay_.A.ifitrainstomorrow B.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrow D.ifwillitraintomorrow12.Doyouknow_? A.whosepenisthis B.whosepenthisis C.whomdoesthepenbelongto D.whomthepenbelongto13.Couldyoutellmewhere_? A.thetapewas B.wasthetape C.thetapeis D.isthetape14.Theywanttoknow_ . A.whereisthehospital B.howoldareyou C.whenthetrainwillleave D.whyistheboycrying15.Tonywantedtoknow_. A.whatFatherChristmas hasputinhisstockingB.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking 16.Nooneknows_theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.when B.whether C.where D.if17.Julydidntknow_.A.whereisTimsfather B. whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanis D.whatwaswrongwithherwatch18.Noonetoldus_,soweneedyourhelp. A.howshouldwedo B.whatweshoulddo C.whattodoit D.whatshouldwedo19.Wedontknow_ withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoit B.howtodo C.whatdoit D.whattodo20.Heaskedme_. A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney能力提高练习1.Idontknow_hewillcometomorrow._hecomes,IlltellyouA.if;Whether B.whether;Whether C.that;If D.if;If2.Idontknow_thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecome B.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomes D.whetherhellcome3.Couldyoutellme_thenearesthospitalis?A.what B.how C.whether D.where4.Couldyoutellme_theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidherepair B.whatdidherepairC.howherepaired D.whatherepaired5.Iwanttoknow_. A.whoisshelookingafter B.whosheislookingafter21世纪*教育网C.whomisshelooking D.whomsheislookingafter6.Doyouknowwhere_now?A.helives B.doeshelive C.helived D.didhelive7.Doyouknowwhattime_? A.thetrainleave B.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleave D.thetrainleaves8.Idontknow_.Canyoutellme,please? A.howthetwoplayersareold B.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowold D.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsin B.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsin D.whatintheirstockings10.Icantunderstand_.A.whatdoesChristmasmean B.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoes D.whatChristmasmeans11.Idontknow_hewillbebackhome.A.who B.what C.when D.where12.Couldyoutellme_? A.wheredoyoulive B.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingfor D.whereyoulivein13.Doyoustillremember_? A.thathesaid B.whathesaid C.didhesaythat D.whatdidhesay14.Icantunderstand_theboyalone.A.whysheleft B.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleft D.whyhadsheleft15.Shetoldmethesun_intheeast.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.hadrisen 16.Theytriedtofindout_thenewtrain_. A.howfar;hadgone B.howlong;hasgonewww-2-1-cnjy-comC.howfar;went D.howfar;hadrun17.Themanagercameuptosee_. A.whatwasthematter B.whatthematterwasC.whatthematteris D.Whatsthematter18.Canyoutellme_? A.whatareyoudoing B.wheredoyoustudyC.whatyouweredoing D.whattodoit19.Heaskedhisfather_. A.whereithappens B.wheredidithappenC.howithappened D.howdidithappen20.Noonetellsus_，soweneedyourhelp. A.howweshoulddo B.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoit D.whattodoit直击中考1.Someofmyfriendsareinterestinginscience,butnoneofthemcantellme _.A.whenUFOswillappearnexttimeB.whydohorsesknowthewayC.wherewasthiskindofplantfoundD.howdoelephantscommunicate2.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina? -Sorry.Idontknow_.A.whendidhegoabroad B.whyheisgoingabroad21教育网C.howsoonwillhebeback D.howlonghewillstayabroad3.-MayIcomein?ImsorryIamlate. -Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_?A.whyyouarelateagain B.whatwereyoudoingthenC.whoyoutalkedwith D.howdoyoucometoschool4.-Couldyoupleasetellme_.? -BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere. A.whereisHenanMuseum B.whatHenanMuseumislikeC.howcanIgettoHenanMuseum D.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum5.PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows_.A.wheretheyhavebeen B.wherearetheyC.wherearetheyfrom D.wheretheyhavegone 6.-Doyouknow_theCapitalMuseum? -NextFriday.【出处：21教育名师】A.whenwilltheyvisit B.whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisit D.whentheyvisited7.Hewantedtoknow_theEnglishparty. A.whenwillwehave B.whenwewillhaveC.whenwouldwehave D.whenwewouldhave8.Iwanttoknow_. A.whenweshouldarriveattheairport B.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveat D.whentheairportshouldwearriveat9.-David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme_ ?21cnjycom -Heisadoctor. A.whoishe B.whoheis C.whatishe D.whatheis10.-Iwonder_withoutwater -Aboutaweek.A.howlongmancanlive B.howlongcanmanliveC.whenmancanlive D.whencanmanlive宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1.D你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2.D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。3.C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4.A if表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5. B有ornot，所以用whether.6.C宾语从句用陈述语序7.A宾语从句用陈述语序,who作从句的宾语。8.Awhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。9.A宾语从句用陈述语序。10.D主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，用过去完成时态。11. Cif连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12. Bwhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。13.C宾语从句用陈述语序。14.C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15. C主句一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，圣诞老人之前就把礼物放进袜子了，用过去完成时态。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】16.B有ornot就用whether. 17.D宾语从句用陈述语序,主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态。18.B没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语从句，而us是宾格不能作从句的主语，所以C选项缺少宾语从句的主语，应选B. 19.D我们不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。What做todo的宾语。20.D宾语从句用陈述语序，他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人，主句用过去时态，从句用过去相应的时态。能力提高练习参考答案1.D前一个if引导宾语从句，表示选择“是否”，后一个if引导的是条件状语从句表示将来的动作，所以用主将从现。2.D我不知道后天他是否回来，宾语从句用陈述语序。3.Dwhere表示地点，最近的医院在哪里。4.C宾语从句用陈述语序，已经说了是修理录音机，所以不用what,而用how.5.D宾语从句用陈述语序，whom作照顾的宾语。6.A主句用现在时态，从句不受限制，住在哪里用一般现在时，宾语从句用陈述语序。 7.D宾语从句用陈述语序，从句是客观事实，用一般现在时。8.D宾语从句用陈述语序。9.B宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做主语。10.D宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做宾语。11.C因为后面的从句是说他将回家，所以前面应该是我不知道他什么时间回家。12.B.B是陈述语序，D可以用whereyoulive或whichyoulivein