高中英语unit1alandofdiversitypartiiigrammar名词性从句学案无答案新人教版选修8

Unit1 A Land of diversityPart III Grammar名词性从句一、【基础知识】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词（词组）, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为_从句、_从句、_从句和_从句。一 .名词性从句的引导词1. 连接词 that 只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如：I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday.That he likes you is very obvious. 2. 连接词 whether 也不充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引导宾语从句时，可换成 if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if。He asked whether/if I would show him the way. Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. (引导主语从句，不能用 if 代替 whether)【比较】whether与if 均为是否的意思。但在下列情况下，只用whether ，不用if：a. whether引导主语从句并在句首 b. 引导表语从句c. whether从句作介词宾语 d. 从句后有or not 3. 连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。如：Thats why she wanted to leave. When we arrive doesnt matter. Tell me which one you like best. 4. 连接副词 when, where, why, how，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语。如：The question is how we should carry out the plan. When shell be back depends much on the weather. Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 二.名词性从句的热点引导词1. what引导的名词性从句有两个意思：一是表示“什么”，带有疑问意味；二是表示“所的人或物”。如：I dont know what you want. I dont know what you want is this. 2. whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句，其意分别为“所的一切事或东西”、“任何的人”、“的任何人或物”等。如：Whoever wants the book may have it. Ill do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest. Whoever comes will be welcome. 另外，它们也可引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论”、“不管”，其意相当于 no matter who/what/which。如：Whatever happens, you must be calm. (whatever = no matter what) He wont eat you, whoever he is. (whoever = no matter who) 3. 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。常用句型：It + be + 过去分词 + that .：该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.。It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that .。例如：It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.It appears that Tom might change his mind. 4. it还可以引导形式宾语，而真正的宾语从句则放在句尾。有此用法的动词有like, love, hate, appreciate, see to it that, take it for granted that, depend on it that等。Dont take it for granted that your parents should do these things for you.I hate it when people talk with their mouth full. I would appreciate it if you could do me that favor. We should see to it that all work done conforms to high standards. 三、当堂检测1. 完成句子：1. We Chinese people feel proud of _ in the past three decades. 我们中国人为过去的三十年里我们所取得的成就感到自豪。 (achieve)2. The fact _ makes him very upset. 他失败了数次这个事实让他很沮丧。(fail) 3. _ his mistakes made the head teacher very angry. 他拒绝承认他的错误让班主任很生气。(refuse) 4. The award should be given to _ poor people develop better ways to produce more food. 这个奖应该颁给任何致力于帮助穷人研发更好的方法来生产更多食物的人。(devote)5. Information has been put forward _ universities. 将会有更多的中学毕业生录入大学的信息已被提出来了。(admit) 6. Money is important, but the responsibility that goes along with this job is _. 钱固然重要，但更让我感兴趣的是伴随这份工作而来的责任。(interest)7. Its required in the regulations _ the password of your E-mail account. 你不能把你email账户的密码告诉别人，这是规章里面所要求的。(tell)8. One reason for her preference for city life is _ places like shops and restaurants.她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是她很容易找到像商店和餐馆这样的地方。(access)9. The reason why she couldnt come to the meeting _她不来参加会议的原因是她没有被邀请。（invite） 10. Have you considered _?你考虑过我们将如何实施这个方案吗？（program）11. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. -Thats _. You should have a more active life. -星期天我喜欢把自己整天关在家里听音乐。-那就是我不同意的地方。你应该有更积极的生活。(agree)12. Perseverance is to do anything. 坚持不懈是做任何事情都需要的。(take) II单句填词：根据句义填写恰当的连词：1. _ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.2. We must find out _ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.3. It is difficult for us to imagine _ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.4. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ you are afraid to do.5. _ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.6. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have the total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports fields.7. Dont let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory.8. From space, the earth looks blue. This is _ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.9. _ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 10. It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.11.