高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题二 七选五 第一节 四大解题技巧

第一节四大解题技巧一、扫读全文，确定关键词 (2017全国)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill-cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.37.(C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.) We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.38.(A.This time there was no tent.) Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.39(F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.) We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.40(E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.) It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.GThere was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案D解析扫读全文可知本文是一篇记叙文，关键词是露营(camping)。根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however表示转折，且since then“自从那时候起”和前文时间吻合。故选D。点津七选五是一篇短文，因此多数阅读技巧对此适用。扫读全文，尤其是首尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子等，目的是找出主题词并掌握文章的主要内容。正确答案往往与主题词有高度的重合性：“形似、意似”。 (2016全国) Secret codes(密码) keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.36.(D.As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.) Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.37.(E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.) For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”38(G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.)You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Lets number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.39.(F.With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.) For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language，some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.DAs long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.FWith a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案A解析 扫读全文可知本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了密码(code)在生活中的作用及密码学(cryptography)的三种主要类型。分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，且与下句构成转折，由此可锁定A项为正确答案。二、语意判断 (2017全国，片段)We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.GThere was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案A解析 根据前文“We slept in a tent.”可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，而后文中“Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.”说明作者这次露营有床有空调。由此可知，这次没有帐篷了。故选A。点津七选五解题时要读懂前后文的句子，弄清楚前后的逻辑关系，然后选取正确答案，因此正确理解设空前后文是解题的关键，拿到试题后要瞻前顾后，科学解题。 (2016全国，片段)People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language，some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.DAs long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.FWith a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案D解析联系下一句“创设密码和破译密码总是相伴而生的”，可以推断此处意思是“只要有密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译”。故选D项。三、黄金三步骤 (2017全国，片段) 37 We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.GThere was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案C 解析 由空后“We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.”可知作者第一次露营的条件很艰苦，C选项“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。点津步骤一：从原文设空的前后寻找关键词；步骤二：阅读各个选项，标记关键词；步骤三：把两类关键词进行匹配，迅速锁定正确答案。 (2016全国，片段)There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language，some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.DAs long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.FWith a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案E解析由空后举例可知，这里讲的是选取每个单词的首字母(the first letters)这一方法来隐藏信息，与E “hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out”内容相对应。四、代入复读 (2017全国，片段)39(F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.) We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.GThere was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案E解析 将39题答案带入原文可知作者全家都喜欢上了露营；根据40题空后的“It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.”可知，作者希望每个人都能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法。E选项(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营了)既是对上段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。点津重新阅读相关词句，重点做没做出的或不确定的题，此时可将已选出的答案代入原文，利用排除法。同时检查核实已选出的答案，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否通顺、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰，格式及用语是否恰当贴切。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则表明所选的答案基本正确。 (2016全国，片段) There are three main types of cryptography.37.(E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.)