高中英语 unit 3 understanding each other课时跟踪练（一）牛津译林版选修6

课时跟踪练(一) Welcome to the unit & ReadingPre reading.阅读理解ACulture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables：language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment lie in the fact that one cannot learn culture one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging (会合)The other school proposes that companies must adapt business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia (近视) or even blindness.Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality：patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary (对手), know your audience, and know your customer.语篇解读：本文主要讲述文化背景对商业运作的影响。文中列举了商界中存在的对待文化多样性的两种观点。1According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?AViews differ on how to treat culture in business world.BAll international managers can learn culture.CBusiness diversity is not necessary.DMost people do not know foreign culture well.解析：选A推理判断题。由第二段中的“Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity.”可知，应该怎样对待不同的文化，商业界存在着不同的看法。2According to the author, the model of Pepsi _.Ais different from the model of McDonaldsBshows the reverse of globalizationChas converged cultural differencesDis in line with the theories that business is business the world around解析：选D细节理解题。由第二段中的最后两句可知，Pepsi和McDonalds采纳的都是国际化的商业风格，但这并不意味着文化差异就会消失。故选D项。3The two schools of thought _.Aboth propose that companies should adapt business approaches to individual culturesBboth advocate that different policies be set up in different countriesCboth admit the existence of cultural diversity in business worldDboth A and B解析：选C推理判断题。通读全文可知，两个派别都承认商业界中文化的多元性。他们的不同在于，对待不同的文化应该搞国际化还是对不同的文化采取不同的策略。4This article is supposed to be most useful for those _.Awho are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversityBwho have connections to more than one type of cultureCwho want to run business on International ScaleDwho want to travel abroad解析：选C推理判断题。由文中的例子可以知道，作者主要关心的并不是研究多种文化形态，而是文化背景对商业运作的影响。所以C项是正确答案。BMany foreign students report they feel lonely in Australia. It is among the reasons why Australia is taking a close look at its international education industry. The government has formed an advisory council (咨询委员会) to help develop a fiveyear national strategy for the future of international education in Australia. But wherever international students go, making friends may be no easy task.Elisabeth Gareis of Baruch College in New York surveyed four hundred international students. They were attending fouryear colleges in America. Students from Englishspeaking countries and from northern and central Europe were more likely to be happy with their friendships. But thirtyeight percent of the international students said they had no close friends in the United States. And half of the students from East Asia said they were unhappy with the number of American friends they had. Thirty percent said they wished their friendships could be deeper and more meaningful.Professor Gareis says, “International students especially students from East Asia have cultures that are different on many levels from the culture of the United States. But there are also language problems, and maybe some social skills, such as small talks, that are possibly not important in their native countries, where its not important to start friendships with small talks. Many East Asian students blamed themselves for their limited friendships with Americans. They blamed themselves for not speaking the language well enough and not knowing the culture well enough. There were also some comments on the college environment. Many of them worked in labs where they were surrounded by other East Asians.”Professor Gareis says, “International students who make friends with host nationals are, overall, more satisfied with their stay in the host country. They have better language skills, they have better academic performance and they have better attitudes toward the host country. So when they return home, they can foster (促进) productive relations with the former host country.”语篇解读：许多外国学生说他们在澳大利亚感到孤独。但不管国际学生去哪，交朋友可能都不是那么容易的事情。5What can we know from the first paragraph?AInternational students are not welcomed in Australia. BThe Australian government pays little attention to international education. CMost international students are not good at making friends in foreign countries. DMaking friends in foreign countries is not always easy for international students.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But wherever international students go, making friends may be no easy task.”可知，对于国际学生来说，在外国交朋友并不总是一件容易的事情。6According to Professor Gareis, _.Acultural difference can affect foreign students to make friendsBforeign students should learn some basic social skills well firstCnot speaking English well enough is the biggest problem for foreign studentsDthe poor environment should be blamed for foreign students lack of friends解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Professor Gareis认为，国际学生尤其是东亚学生国家的文化与美国文化有很大差异，这是影响国际学生交友的因素之一。7What can we learn from the passage?AMost students from East Asia have no friend in western countries.BInternational students cant make real friends in foreign countries.CInternational students are more likely to remain in the host country after graduation.DInternational students who make friends from their host countries feel happier with their experience.解析：选D推理判断题。根据末段的“International students who make friends with host nationals are, overall, more satisfied with their stay in the host country.”可知，在东道国交到朋友的学生对于自己的留学体验更加满意。8In which section of the newspaper can we most probably find the passage?APolitics.BEducation.CCulture. DEconomy.解析：选B文章出处题。本文主要介绍了国际学生在外国交友困难的问题。这引起了澳大利亚政府和许多教育学者的关注。由此可推知，本文最有可能出现在报纸的教育版块。C“Dont worry if you have problems！” It is easy to say until you are in the midst of a really big one. The only people who dont have troubles are gathered in little neighborhoods. Most communities have at least one. We call them cemeteries (坟墓). If youre breathing, you have difficulties. Its the way of life. And believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you! Let me explain.Maybe you have heard the Great Barrier Reef, stretching some 1,800 miles from New Guinea to Australia. Tour guides regularly take visitors to view the reef.On one tour, a traveler asked the guide an interesting question. “I notice that the lagoon (环礁湖) side of the reef looks pale and lifeless, while the ocean side is vibrant (充满生气的) and colorful，” the traveler observed. Why is this?The guide gave an interesting answer, “The coral around the lagoon side is in still water, with no challenge for its survival. It dies early. The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind, waves and storms. It has to fight for its survival every day. As it is challenged and tested, it changes and adapts. It grows healthy. It grows strong. And it reproduces.”Then he added, “Thats the way it is with every living organism.”Thats how it is with people. Challenged and tested, we come alive! Like coral pounded by the sea, we grow. Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger. Mental and emotional stress can produce toughmindedness and resiliency. Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness. So, you have problems? No problem! Just tell yourself, “There I grow again！”Remember：A smooth sea never made a skilled mariner (水手)语篇解读：只要活着，就会有困难。这是生活的方式。而且无论你相信与否，你遇到的大部分困难都会对你有益。所以，只要告诉你自己“我又成长了”，你的困难就不再是困难！9Who has no problems according to the passage?AThe persons who are very famous.BThe persons who have much money.CThe persons who have been born.DThe persons who are living in the cemeteries.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The only people who dont have troubles are gathered in little neighborhoods. Most communities have at least one. We call them cemeteries.”可知只有那些进了坟墓的人才会没有困难。故选D。10In the writers opinion, _.Aproblems bring us much troubleBproblems have two sides, good or badCwe should try to stay away from any troubleDthe fewer things we do, the less trouble well meet解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you！”可知，作者认为无论你相信与否，你遇到的大部分困难都会对你有益。故选B。11. The reason why the lagoon side of the reef has no life is _.Ait doesnt get any sunlightBit has less energy than othersCit never faces any challenge and testsDit has no work to do every day解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段中“The coral around the lagoon side is in still water, with no challenge for its survival. It dies early.”可知，环礁湖一边的珊瑚礁生长在平静的水里，它们不必为了生存而斗争。所以，它们早早失去了生命。故选C。12After reading this passage, we should _.Aregard any problem as challengeBlearn from the lagoon sideCworry over our problemsDenter into cemeteries解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后两段可知挑战和考验让我们生机勃勃！我们应该把困难看作是挑战。故选A。.阅读七选五Advice About Stress：Dont Let It Ruin Your Life!There are many reasons why people suffer from stress. _1_ We give you advice on how to find the cause or causes of your stress, and more importantly how to deal with it.For some, dealing with stress is a relatively simple matter, providing you really want to. _2_ If the latter is the case, then dont refuse forms of alternative medical advice and treatment._3_ It can help you to perform or even OUT perform in certain situations. Athletes use it to great advantage to help them through that barrier that will put them on top! It can also help you in everyday life. However, if it is part of lifes routine, then something somewhere will suffer in body or mind or both.One of the important factors in treating stress, is firstly admitting, accepting or even discovering that you are