ELA物流职业认证体系标准.doc

ela物流职业认证体系简介standards ela certification for logisticsela物流职业资格认证标准professionals european certification board for logistics 2004 专业人员欧洲物流认证管理委员会2004standards 040805 标准 40805content 内容1 introduction . .4 简介1.1 rationale for the ela standards .5 ela标准的基本原理2 characteristics of the ela standards . 6 ela标准的特性2.1 nature . 6 性质2.2 levels . 6 资格等级2.3 assessment procedure and criteria . 9 评估程序和标准2.4 quality assurance . 10 质量保证2.5 structure . 10 结构3 standards of competence . 12 物流能力标准3.1 common module . 12 公共的模块3.2 supervisory/operational level . 13 运营经理3.3 senior level . 18 高级经理3.4 strategic level . 24 战略专家glossary of terms used in standards of competence .2934能力标准的术语表standards 3 标准3 european certification board for logistics 欧洲物流认证管理委员会preface绪论on behalf of the members of the general assembly and the board of the european certification board for logistics (ecbl) we are delighted to present to all interested parties the revision of the standards of competence that lead to the european logistics association certificate (ela certificates) 我们很高兴代表欧洲物流协会代表大会会员以及欧洲物流认证管理委员会,向所在有关各方提供物流职业资格认证标准的修订本，这些标准是取得欧洲物流协会证书（ela证书）的必备文件。 we call on the national certification bodies to implement the new standards in their assessment procedures as they will contribute positively to the objectivity, validity and reliability of ecbl certification grading system. 我们号召各国认证机构将新标准贯彻于其评审程序中，因为它们将对ecbl资格证书等级评定系统的客观性、有效性和可靠性做出积极的贡献。we address our warmest thanks to the members of the ecbl scientific committee who conducted the multinational research and dialogue within member countries concerning the company profile of logisticians. the standards provide us with an excellent structure for assessing the competence of logisticians. 我们对ecbl科学委员会的成员致以最衷心的感谢，正是他们就物流专职人员的公司构架在各成员国进行了大量的跨国调研和对话。这些标准为我们提供了极好的构架，用于评定物流专职人员的从业能力。as a modern, forwardlooking, non-profit organisation, ecbl, provides the opportunity for logistics professionals to gain recognised european and international qualifications. 作为一个现代的、有远见的、非营利的团体，欧洲物流认证管理委员会旨在为物流专职人员提供获得欧洲以及国际资格认证的机会join us in the implementation of the new ela certification standards and in their continuous development and evolution. 欢迎加入我们对新ela物流认证标准的执行和实施，并且致力于它的持续发展及推广。prof. yiannis konetas yiannis konetas 教授president of the european certification board for logistics and chairman of the scientific committee 欧洲物流认证管理委员会会长、科学委员会主席1 introduction 简介the european logistics association (ela) introduced a set of standards in supply chain / logistics management, which form the foundation for the european certification board for logistics (ecbl) to certify individuals who meet these standards. 以欧洲物流协会制定的供应链/物流管理的标准为基础，欧洲物流认证管理委员会推行一套针对物流从业人员的专业物流能力认证体系，并以此来评定满足这些标准的物流从业人员。ecbl is an independent body consisting of member countries who voluntarily agree to share the standards of competence for logistics and adhere to common levels of quality assurance procedures. 欧洲物流认证管理委员会是一个由各个会员国家组成的独立团体，这些成员国愿意共享物流能力标准并且坚持确保各项程序的质量。the european certification board for logistics (ecbl) is the custodian of the standards, and is responsible for updating the standards as and when required. 欧洲物流认证管理委员会是这些标准的管理者，负责支持及监督它的执行和实施，致力于它的发展及推广，以满足各种必要的需求。the board (ecbl) will be the sole authority for approving the award of a qualification, and no awards under this programme will be allowed without such approval. the board will set up a system to monitor the performance of national certification centres to be established in each country, and will ensure that the standards operating in each country are in line with the european directive. in this way, candidates for the qualifications from every country in the programme can be sure of the commonality of the standards. 欧洲物流认证管理委员会是唯一被授权的资格认证批准机构， 没有得到此委员会批准的任何证书将不被认可。委员会将设立一套系统对各个国家的认证培训中心进行监督，确保他们按照欧洲指令实施标准。如此，各个国家的资格认证候选人就可以确信此标准的统一性。to provide a common understanding of the concepts of supply chain management and logistics which are essential for this document, we give the definitions by ela: 为了使供应连管理和物流管理概念通俗易懂， ela确定了以下的定义：supply chain management: 供应连管理：organisation, planning, control and execution of the products flow from development and purchasing, through production and distribution, to the final customer in order to satisfy the requirements of the market cost-effectively. 供应连管理是为了满足消费者低成本需求而进行的对产品从开发、采购并经过生产及配送，最终到达消费者的全部流通活动的组织、计划、控制及操作。logistics: 物流：planning, execution and control of the movement and placement of people and/or goods and of the supporting activities related to such movement and placement, within a system organized to achieve specific objectives. 物流是指为了达到明确的目的，对人和/或货物的移动与放置及与其相关的支持活动所进行的计划，实施与控制的全过程。note: logistics is used as a noun; logistic is used as an adjective; a logistician is a person involved in logistics as a whole. 注释：logistics是一个名词；logistic是一个形容词；logistician 是指从事物流专业的人员1.1 rationale for the ela standards ela标准的基本原理 a shared wish by countries to achieve a common level of standard for logisticians for mutual benefit; 为了实现各成员国物流专业人员共愿达到物流标准的同一水准并共同受益 portability of logistics skills and competences within europe (and the world); 物流技术和能力可被通用于欧洲及整个世界 mutual recognition within europe; 欧洲范围内公认的标准 esablishing a common profile for logistics managers. 为物流管理人员建立了统一的构架2 characteristics of the ela standards ela标准的特征the general characteristics of the ela standards can be summarised as follows:ela标准的特征可以概括为以下几个方面：nature性质competence-based model used for certifying individuals in logistics management positions用来评估物流专职人员个人级别的能力基础模型levels资格等级standards at three management levels 欧洲物流协会职业资格认证共分为三个级别structure结构modular structure模块结构assessment criteria评估标准assessing the outcome of knowledge, skills and experience评估专业知识、技能和工作经验的成果these elements are described in more detail in the following sections. 在接下来的章节里会对这些特征作出更详细地描述。2.1 nature 性质the competence system adopted by ecbl reflects the expectations of workplace performance. the standards of competence have been developed with and agreed by industry. the standards are outcome-based and form the basis of assessment. assessment is independent of any learning programmes. 欧洲物流认证管理委员会采用的能力认证体系，反映了对专业工作表现得期望。这些能力标准已经被物流行业接受并且广泛发展。这些标准是以结果为基础并且购成了评估的基本框架，要强调的是这些评估是独立于任何学习程序之外的。the official version of the standards is published in english. however, there will be other language versions of the standards produced for use in different participating countries. 正式版本以英文版本为准，但是在其他成员国家也使用不同语言的非英语版本。national certification bodies can add to the standards but cannot leave things out. 各个国家的认证机构可以添加新标准，但不可以删减原有内容。2.2 levels 资格等级there are standards at three management levels: 欧洲物流协会职业资格认证共分为以下三个级别：level资格等级target audience针对学院competence能力要求key outcomes目标能力strategic level战略专家o senior managers, senior consultants or directors with considerable experience in logistics management (strategic managers) 在物流领域具有丰富管理经验的高级战略型经理人、高级咨询顾问；o senior executives who have assumed logistics responsibilities from another business discipline 对公司物流负有责任的企业高级管理人员requires the application of fundamental principles and complex techniques across a wide range of unpredictable contexts. usually involves responsibility for substantial human, physical and financial resources.精通专业基础理论并掌握复杂的操作技能，有处理不可预知的各种以外情况的能力；负责公司的人力、物力和资金来源the candidate must o understand logistics strategies and processes, the interrelationships between and within logistics networks, and the role of logistics within the total business context 掌握物流战略和工作流程、物流网络相关及之间的关系、物流在整个商务领域中的位置与角色；o have special skills and knowledge in logistics strategies 在物流战略方面有着专业知识和技能；o to be able to define and optimise the logistics strategies within his/her area of responsibility. 在他/她的职责范围内确定并优化详细的最佳物流战略方案senior level高级经理o managers or consultants planning, coordinating and controlling different parts of the logistics network 负责物流网络中的计划编制、协调管理、指导控制等不同工作范畴的高级经理或顾问； o graduate entrance to the profession who are on the fast track to senior management 以高级管理人员为目标发展的物流职业人才involves specialist skills and knowledge in a broad range of work activities, usually performed in a wide variety of tasks, mainly complex and non-routine. has a substantial degree of personal autonomy and responsibility. usually is responsible for the work of others. 在广泛的工作领域中掌握专业技能和知识，能胜任多样的、复杂的、非程序化的工作；拥有突出的个人自制力及责任感，通常要负责管理及监督他人的工作the candidate must o understand logistics strategies and processes, the interrelationships between and within logistics networks 掌握物流战略和工作流程、物流网络相关及之间的关系； o have special skills and knowledge in management of processes and projects 拥有在监督管理工作流程及项目的专业知识和技能；o to be able to define and optimise the logistics processes within his/her area of responsibility.在他/她的职责范围内确定并优化详细的最佳物流处理方案supervisory/ operational level运营经理o supervisors in an operational role 操作流水线上的监督管理人员o first line managers 第一线的管理人员 the candidate requires knowledge and skills in a broad range of work activities, usually performed in a wide variety of tasks, some of which are complex and non-routine. could be responsible for the control or guidance of others.在广泛的工作领域中掌握专业技能和知识，有时需要处理些多样的、复杂的、非程序化的工作；能负责管理和指导他人the candidate must o understand logistics strategies and processes, the interrelationships between and within logistics networks (generic knowledge) 理解物流战略和工作流程、物流网络相关及之间的关系（一般知识）；o have special functional skills and knowledge 拥有专业的操作技能和知识；o to be able to optimise activities within his/her area of responsibility. 在他/她的职责范围内能提出最优化操作行为2.3 assessment procedure and criteria 评估程序和标准the ecbl only aims at certifying individual competences and is not linked in any way with training path or approach. it does not prescribe in any way the methods or courses by which candidates may attain or develop the knowledge and skills required to demonstrate competence to meet the standards. thus, formal training is not a prerequisite for ela certification. 欧洲物流认证管理委员会仅仅针对物流从业人员专业物流能力进行认证， 它并不与其他任何的培训路线或者步骤所连接。 它没有以任何方式来规定投考者必须通过特定的方式或课程来获得并发展专业知识和技能， 以此来能证明其物流能力达到了标准。 因此，参加正式的培训并不是获得ela物流职业资格认证的先决条件。 it is expected that many established institutions and places of education and training will devise programmes to meet the needs of local candidates. the structure of educational programmes does not necessarily have to follow the structure of competence modules as described in this document. 我们希望各确定的机构和教育培训中心可以设计出满足当地投考者要求的培训程序。这些教育程序的结构并不一定要遵循本文件中所描述的能力模块结构the ability of candidates to meet the required standards will be assessed by national certification boards established in each ecbl member country. 在各个成员国所授权的国家认证机构将对投考者是否达到了标准的要求进行相对应的评估。the ela standards of competence - and any programmes based on the standards are intended for logistics managers. individual national certification bodies may develop assessment strategies to meet their own countrys educational requirements. 欧洲物流协会所制定的物流能力标准和其他基于此标准的程序是针对物流管理人员。个别的国家认证机构也可能发展符合该国教育要求的评估策略。 there are no specific guidelines for the period of experience that candidates require. individual national bodies may wish to offer guidance on the period of experience but the three level descriptors should provide the benchmark for assessment. the assessor should be satisfied that a candidate has demonstrated competence at the appropriate level. 对于报考者所具有的物流相关工作经验没有明确的规定。个别的国家认证机构可能希望提供自己的对于投考者工作经验要求的指示，但是资格认证的三个级别可以作为评定的基准。审核员将感到非常满意当投考者证明了他们的能力达到了适当的级别。2.4 quality assurance 质量保证the ecbl continuously manages and improves its certification processes. it documents them in professionally maintained procedures. it constantly monitors the performance of its constituent bodies and assessors. 欧洲物流认证管理委员会不断的对认证程序进行管理和改善，并在专业地维护过程中用文件证明这些认证程序。该委员会负责指导并监督全球所委托的认证中心和审核员所提供的ela培训和认证服务。2.5 structure 结构the wheel serves as a diagrammatic tool for presenting the general model of the ela standards. the standards are based on a common framework, the details for each level can be found in the following chapters which also define the interrelationship between the levels and between the modules. it is important to note that the term module refers to areas of competence, not necessarily to training modules. 车轮图作为一个图表的工具，很好的呈现了ela 标准的一般模型。评定标准是基于一个共有的框架，接下来的几个章节中将会对每一个级别进行详细地描述，并且介绍不同资格级别以及模块之间的相互关系。很重要的一点是期间模块是谈及不同领域应具备的能力，而并不一定是培训课程a module can be exclusive for a certain level (e.g. innovation & change leadership at strategic level), or it can cross levels, such as warehouse management at supervisory/operational and senior levels. some of the modules are compulsory (e.g. basic supply chain concepts), others are optional (e.g. transport management). 一个模块可以唯一涉及到某特定级别（例如，高级战略人才的改革创新领导能力），或者它也可以横跨不同的级别，例如初级营运人才的仓库管理能力。有些模块是必修的（例如，基础供应连概念），另一些则是可以选修的（例如，运输管理）。in the following section, the modules relevant for each of the three levels are indicated. 在接下来的几节里，这些与资格认证每一个级别有关系的模块将被简要地说明。3 standards of competence 物流能力标准3.1 common module 公共的模块the “basic supply chain concepts” module applies at all levels and needs to be assessed only once. “基础供应连概念”模块适用于所有的等级，并且只需评定一次。basic supply chain concepts (compulsory) 基础供应连概念（必修的） explain the scope and role of component activities within the supply chain 解释构成供应链的各种增值活动的范围和角色 map a supply chain identifying component activities 绘制一个供应链中各种增值活动的结构图 identify the source and characteristics of supply and demand 识别补给和需求的来源和特性 explain how supply chain contributes to competitive advantage 解释如何依靠供应链占据竞争优势 identify how the supply chain activity contributes to sustainability 识别供应链活动如何对持久性有贡献 determine the financial impact of supply chain activity 测定供应链活动在经济上的影响 explain how mts, ato, mto and eto configurations work 解释mts（存货制造）, ato（订单装配）, mto（订单制造）和eto（订单设计）这四种制造方式是如何运作的 determine the lead times within a supply chain测定在整条供应链上的前置期（或提前期） identify the existence of demand amplification and its impact识别实际存在的需求扩大和其导致的影响 assess the barriers that hinder supply chain flows估定阻碍供应链流程运作的障碍物 identify how changes in supply and demand impact cost to serve识别补给和需求的变化是如何给成本及服务带来影响 identify opportunities for trade-offs between supply chain activities识别使供应链活动之间相互协调的机会 identify the key roles for information and it within the supply chain识别信息技术在供应链中的所起的主要作用due to the constant progress in information and communication technologies (ict), specific technologies are not defined in the modules. it is a prerequisite, though, that current technologies must be applied in all relevant fields. ict competences are implicit in every module.由于信息通讯技术不断的发展，这些模块中没有被定义在这些模块里面。虽然现有的技术一定会被应用到所有相关的领域，但是这仍然是一个先决条件。因此，信息技术能力毋庸置疑是包含在每一个模块里的。 3.2 supervisory/operational level 运营经理the supervisory/operational level comprises of two compulsory modules plus a further two functional modules selected from a suite of five. 高级战略人才等级包含有两个必修的模块加上从五个一组中选取的两个具有更深一层功能性的模块basic supply chain concepts (compulsory, see competence listing in 3.1)基础供应链概念（必修的，请查阅能力列表.）core management skills (compulsory) 核心管理技能（必修的） create, maintain and enhance effective working relationships创造、维护并提高有效的工作关系 communicate in an effective manner以有效的方式沟通 interpret business financial statements解释商业财务报告书 contribute to the development of objectives by obtaining and presenting information藉由获得和呈现数据信息对企业目标发展做出贡献 make recommendations for the improvement of operational effectiveness对操作效率的改善提出适当的建议 obtain, evaluate and present supply chain information to other company departments获取，评估并呈上供应链信息给其他的公司部门 plan, organise and lead the work of team and individuals计划,组织并且带领队和个体的工作 contribute to the development of teams and individuals对团队和个体的发展做出贡献 implement a process for the monitoring of actual costs against a budget执行贯彻一个程序来监控实际成本与预算的对比 contribute to the health and safety and security of the working environment为提供健康安全的工作环境做出贡献 comply with relevant legislation and regulations遵从有关的立法