《转英语写作》word版.doc

转 英语写作高考英语写作指导(2)-高分秘诀上一篇/下一篇/个人分类：高考辅导查看(24)/评论(0)/评分(0/0)高考写作高分秘诀训练1：正确、端正、熟练地书写字母、单词和句子，注意大小写和标点符号(每周写两篇，直到通过为止)训练2：第一轮复习的过程中，进行组词造句、组句成段练习，要求学生写出最简单的短句，要求学生写出含有一般过去时、一般将来时、现在或过去进行时、现在完成时等形式的句子，如，Yesterday Iwent to call on my teacher.He was preparing his lessons.He told me that he began to teach.English in 1990.He said he would help me with my Engust1.Up till now he has taught English for ten years.另外，可结合于高中英语课堂中，对学生的写作能力的要求提高一步。如学In the Lab一课时，指导学生写Instructions for Using the Science Lab。学习American English一课时，可要求学生写出The Differences between American English and British English。为以后英语作文打好扎实的基础训练3：限时训练，时间一到，学生立即停笔，听教师读范文。教师的范文不仅要在格式、内容要点、语法修辞与语言习惯上给学生树立样板，而且要考虑到英语的多种表达方法。学生在经过一阵紧张的思维与写作之后，及时听到一篇比较规范的答卷，比较一下自己的作业，可初步衡量出自己的答题的准确度，找出差距，及时查出作业中的毛病训练4：高考书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是作文，不可任意发挥，要求的是将所规定的材料内容经整理后，展开思维，运用所学英语知识准确地表达意思的能力。必须要求学生在写作过程中牢牢记住以下口诀：先读提示，弄清要点与格式；时态语态要当心，前后呼应要一致；句子结构和搭配，语言习惯莫违背；文章写好细检查，点滴小错别忽视。学生训练5：对照范文，学生先对已查出的表达有误的地方进行初改。还可安排学生互改作业。互改以同桌的两人为宜。批改者对有疑问的地方作上记号，待互相讨论取得一致意见后再更正。若有争议的问题，可当场请教老师。最后，要求学生再对全文通读几遍，琢磨一下是否符合要求，尽量做到准确无误。如发现错误，可作最后修改，誊写工整，交老师查阅。训练6：及时讲评1、如在时间紧的情况下，可抽查部分学生的作文评阅，重点抽查中下水平的学生的作文，采用当面批改的形式，从而大面积提高教学质量。2、批阅过程中，认真记录习作中存在的带有普遍性和典型性的错误，为讲评课作材料准备。3、将一些写得较好的错误较少的习作张贴出来，或讲评时读给全班学生听，给予鼓励。训练7：高考英语书面表达基本策略仔细审题。如果是看图写文，看懂每幅图之间的联系至关重要。写要点。据每幅图写出一至两句话。因为每年高考书面表达一般控制在10句话，120个词左右。连句成文。每句话写好后，用适当的连词连接起来，使之上下连贯，呼应，通顺，简洁。查错漏。完稿后，检查一下有没有时态，语态，拼写错误并逐一加以改正。卷面整洁。卷面整洁干净甚至比准确，通顺，简介更重要。因为整洁干净给阅卷人精神上带来愉悦，相对而言，分数自然要给得高一些。为了帮助同学们在平时写作练习的时候时刻牢记这些写作的基本要领，特编顺口溜如下：细审题，巧构思，列要点，防遗漏。写日记，同汉语；书信，通知格式要牢记。看清图表细梳理，写人记事按顺序；完稿后查遗漏，整洁干净莫忘记。训练8：高分策略遣词的原则：使用高等级词汇及短语,如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中，有意识的强化复杂，高级这两个概念，使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上，充分显示自己的实力。表达人物爱憎感情：like,love,be interested in,be fond ofhate,dislike,be tired of,lose interest inhappy,excited,pleased,satisfied,angry,sad,worried,disappointed,terrified,mad,frightened介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价：He became famous for his new theory.The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.We regard Li Fei as our model.Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.People spoke highly of him and all respected him.常见描述人物性格，外貌和身体状况等的词语good-looking/funny-looking/strong-looking/ugly-looking/dirty-looking/ordinary-looking/blue-eyed/white-eyed/warm-hearted/light-hearted/kind-hearted/absent-minded/tall/short/beautiful/pretty/lovely/naughty/be blind/lame in/be in good or poor condition/healthy/fine/well/strong-tempered/bad-tempered/near-sighted/far-sighted/foolish/stupid/silly/clever/smart/wise/bright/diligent/intelligent/lazy/hard working,etc.造句的原则：句式多变，语法活用，句子是表达一个完整意思的最小单位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达，必须从写好句子开始。英语基本句型及造句：主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.We get up early every morning.The meeting lasted 2hours.主语+不及物动词+副词This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.The suit wears well.Glass breaks easily.主语+谓语+介词+宾语We all agreed on the terms.He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.All these things are to be answered for.主语+系动词+形容词Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.Your explanation sounds reasonable.主语+谓语+直接宾语I want your promise.Have your fixed my watch?This factory produces 1000 cars aweek.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语He paid me avisit yesterday.He owed me 50 yuan.He wrote his family aletter yesterday.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(to do)I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.I didnt mean to hurt you.He invited me to teach at awell-known university.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(do)I often hear her sing the song.The boss made workers work 15 hours aday.Dont forget to have him come.主语+谓语+现在分词I heard her singing in the next room.We could feel our heats beating fast.Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?主语+谓语+过去分词I must have my watch repaired.We must get he task finished on time.Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)I suggested putting off the meeting.They all avoided mentioning the matter.We cant help laughing at the news.主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)I cant afford to buy such alarge house.Dont pretend to know what you dont.He feared to speak in her presence.主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语Nothing can prevent us from going forward.Thank you for your help.He demanded an answer from me.练习写好句子的方法一：合并句子It was early in the morning.Mr.Smith was in his garden.He was watering flowers.Early in the morning,Mr.Smith was watering flowers in his garden.A girl was crossing aroad.The girl was pretty.The road was wide.A pretty girl was crossing awide road.写好句子的方法二：改写句子1)Mr.Green is atall man,who wears apair of thick glasses.(改成介词短语做伴随状语)1)The book cost me 300 yuan.Mr.Green is atall man with apair of thick glasses.2)The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on.(使用sothat结构改写句子)The ice on the lake is so thin that we cant skate on it.练习方法三：一句多译这本书花了我300元。I spent 300 yuan on the book.I paid 300 yuan for the book.The price of the book is 300 yuan.It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.我不懂什么英语，李明也不懂。I dont know any English,nor does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,nor does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,neither does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,no more does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,so it is with Li Ming.I know no more English than Li Ming does.I know as little English as Li Ming does.一到家，我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。On/Upon arriving home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.As soon as Iarrived home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.The moment Iarrived home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.The instant Iarrived home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.No sooner had Iarrived home than Iwrote down everything Ihad seen.昨天下午他才来。He came here yesterday afternoon.The price of the book is 300 yuan.It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.我不懂什么英语，李明也不懂。I dont know any English,nor does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,nor does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,neither does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,no more does Li Ming.I hardly know any English,so it is with Li Ming.I know no more English than Li Ming does.I know as little English as Li Ming does.一到家，我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。On/Upon arriving home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.As soon as Iarrived home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.The moment Iarrived home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.The instant Iarrived home,I wrote down everything Ihad seen.No sooner had Iarrived home than Iwrote down everything Ihad seen.昨天下午他才来。He came here yesterday afternoon.He didnt come here until yesterday afternoon.Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here.It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.谋篇的原则：满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言当位如果只是被随意的整合，是无法达到有效表达的目的。常见的句子之间的连接手段有：使用代词指代上一句中的名词重复使用上一句中的词使用连接词使用平行结构高考大纲中常用的连接词：表并列补充关系的：what is more,besides,also,as well,moreover,furthermore,in addition,表转折对比关系的：but,however,yet,instead,on the other hand,on the contrary,although,different from,in contrast to,despite,in spite of,whereas,unlike,nevertheless,not onlybut also,herethere,years agotoday,thisthat,the formerthe latter,thennow,the firstwhereas the second,oncenow,on the one handon the other hand,someothers,表因果关系的：since,as,because(of),for,so,thus,therefore,as aresult,so that表条件关系的：if,on the condition(that),as long as,unless,or else,表时间关系的：when,after,before,until,as soon as,later,afterwards,soon,lately,recently,since,from then on,eventually,in the meantime,then,suddenly,at the same time,next,early this morning/year/century,after an interval,now,after,presently,later,afterward,somewhat later,finally,at last,all of asudden,表特定的顺序关系：above all,first of all,firstl y,first,secondly,the,next,finally,in the end,at last,表换一种方式表达：in other words,that is to say,to put it another way,表进行举例说明：for instance,for example,like,such as,表陈述事实：in fact,actually,as amatter of fact,to tell you the truth表总结：on the whole,in short,all in all,general,in aword,in conclusion,in closing三十五个经典句型帮你过写作关一、the+est+名词+(that)+主词+have ever+seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)the most+形容词+名词+(that)+主词+have ever+seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that Ihave ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that Ihave ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。二、Nothing is+er than to+V Nothing is+more+形容词+than to+V例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。三、cannot emphasize the importance oftoo much.(再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。)例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。四、There is no denying that+S+V.(不可否认的.)例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。五、It is universally acknowledged that+句子(全世界都知道.)例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。六、There is no doubt that+句子(毫无疑问的.)例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。七、An advantage ofis that+句子(.的优点是.)例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create(produce)any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。八、The reason why+句子is that+句子(.的原因是.)例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。九、So+形容词+be+主词+that+句子(如此.以致于.)例句：So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。十、Adj+as+Subject(主词)+be,S+V(虽然.)例句：Rich as our country is,the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.by no means=in no way=on no account一点也不虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。十一、The+er+S+V,the+er+S+VThe+more+Adj+S+V,the+more+Adj+S+V(愈.愈.)例句：The harder you work,the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。The more books we read,the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。十二、By+Ving,can(借着.，.能够.)例句：By taking exercise,we can always stay healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。十三、enable+Object(受词)+to+V(.使.能够.)例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。十四、On no account can we+V(我们绝对不能.)例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。十五、It is time+S+过去式(该是.的时候了)例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。十六、Those who(.的人.)例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。十七、There is no one but(没有人不.)例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。十八、be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V(不得不.)例句：Since the examination is around the corner,I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。十九、It is conceivable that+句子(可想而知的)It is obvious that+句子(明显的)It is apparent that+句子(显然的)例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。二十、That is the reason why(那就是.的原因)例句：Summer is sultry.That is the reason why Idont like it.夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。二十一、For the past+时间，S+现在完成式.(过去.年来，.一直.)例句：For the past two years,I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。二十二、Since+S+过去式，S+现在完成式。例句：Since he went to senior high school,he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。二十三、It pays to+V(.是值得的。)例句：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。二十四、be based on(以.为基础)例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。二十五、Spare no effort to+V(不遗余力的)We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。二十六、bring home to+人+事(让.明白.事)例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。二十七、be closely related to(与.息息相关)例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。二十八、Get into the habit of+Ving=make it arule to+V(养成.的习惯)We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to+N/Ving,(因为.)例句：Thanks to his encouragement,I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。三十、What a+Adj+N+S+V！=How+Adj+a+N+V！(多么.！)例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise！How important athing it is to keep our promise！遵守诺言是多么重要的事！三十一、Leave much to be desired(令人不满意)例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。三十二、Have agreat influence on(对.有很大的影响)例句：Smoking has agreat influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。三十三、do good to(对.有益)，do harm to(对.有害)例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。三十四、Pose agreat threat to(对.造成一大威胁)例句：Pollution poses agreat threat to our existence.污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。三十五、do ones utmost to+V=do ones best(尽全力去.)例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in 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