IFONLY和WOULDTHAT后用虚拟语气.doc

If only 和 would that 后用虚拟语气谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望， 用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望，常译为“要是。就好了”。例如：If only she had known where to find you.If only I could speak several foreign languages!Would that I were young again.would that 实际上是I (we) would 的简化， I would 相当于I wish.例如：I would I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.We would that we had seen through him earlier.Note: 1) O that 和 Would to God 是would that 的变体。例如： O that money grew on the trees. 钱长在树上就好了。 Would to God she would return safely.但愿她平安归来。 2) O that 结构用虚拟语气可表示“惊讶，愤怒”。例如： O that she should have failed! 她竟然会失败！ 3）should 可以表示惊讶，难以相信或不应该之事。例如： Why should he publish such a book? 他为何竟会出这种书？ Who should have broken the glass but himself? 不是他自己还有谁会把玻璃打碎呢？ Who are you that you should have despised the teacher? 你是何许人也，竟敢轻视教师？ What has captivated her mind that she should have said that?什么使她迷了心窍，竟说出那种话来？Note : 注意“It isnt as if + 虚拟式句子”的译法It isnt as if he were poor. 他才不穷呢。（他又不穷。）Why did you invite him to the symposium? It was not as if he were an expert ? 你为什么邀请他参加研讨会？他又不是什么专家！It isnt as if he had claimed to be the owner of the property. In fact he admitted that the property belonged to his uncle.他又没有声称自己拥有那些财产呀。事实上，他承认那些财产属于他叔叔。Whether it (he) be or 结构Whether it (he) be or 意为“不管（不论）是。还是。”，表示让步，为虚拟语气的一种表示方法，其省略结构为be it or , be he or 等，必须倒装。例如：Every day he takes a walk in the park in the evening, whether it be fine or raining.Be they common people or high-ranking officials, they stand equal before the law.She can translate all these books into Chinese, be they in English, French or Latin.Note : be 用作虚拟式的其他说法还有：Home is home, be it ever so homely. 再穷也是家。He will do anything for her, be it to his death.为了她，他什么都会做，哪怕去死。I shall tell you everything