《第四章英文》word版.doc

Chapter Four Analysis of reasons for gender differences of the influence on junior high school students English learning 4.1 Physiological factors Physiological factors is one of the causes of gender differences in English learning, gender differences in the physiological structure.4.1.1 Chromosome The genetic difference of sex chromosomes determine the male and female gender .Normal humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, of which 22 are autosomal, men and women are the same, there was also a pair of sex chromosomes (sex chromosome), which is closely linked to gender, men and women are different. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome and females have two X chromosomes . Therefore, we can infer that, the different chromosomes, caused the differences in language ability of the boys and girls, girls are better than boys in terms of language skills. This is one reason why girls score better than boys in English, and also contributed to the boys in English of poor students account for the majority.4.1.2 The difference in maturity Both sexes have existed in the time of physical development, women in infancy and adolescence than men are early maturity.In infancy, girls than boys began to talk of time a month earlier, learn words also rapidly. In the preschool period, its vocabulary than boys. According to the study, men and women of different level of children of language response, in eighteen months time, the boy is 14% on average, a girl of 38%, twenty-four months, 49% for boys, a girl of 78%.In addition, the girl began to flexible use of sentences with longer time and more complex sentences and the time is earlier than boys. In terms of pronunciation, girls have reached clear pronunciation of age earlier, standard of pronunciation in elementary school first grade girls like boys in the second grade. At present, we start from the Jiang Nan region of English primary school the first grade, the first grade girls than boys of the same age pronunciation clarity is high, the teacher give the girls than boys praise comes naturally, this will increase the girls interest in learning English, and reduce the boys interest in learning English.4.1.3 Sex hormone differencesMen and womens sex hormones are the same, but the degree of dominance of different. Estrogen and progesterone in females control men controlled by testosterone. The role of these hormones is different. For example , progesterone is both a woman growth hormone , also produce hormones makes intimacy behavior .Testosterone is the male growth hormones, but also produces sex hormones of impulsive and aggressive behavior.Womens estrogen and progesterone with their hormones circulating lifting, make their mood to play fast and loose. Good or bad mood , these hormones affect mood changes in the classroom , but also affect academic performance .When women estrogen high, whether it is formal examination or quiz, girls achieved high scores. Times of high testosterone men, like math test that will perform well in the examination, but is not as good in terms of language examinations.4.1.4 The difference of the brain With the rapid development of science and technology, the human brain has gender differences have been confirmed. Neurologist R. Restark pointed out : “ the psychological biological studies have shown that many of the differences between the sexes brain function is determined by the innate .” About 30 years ago, psychologist Herbert LAN plug first discovered the brains of men and women are different .4.2 Psychological differences Due to the physiological differences between men and women caused by genetic factors , leading to a series of psychological differences, these psychological differences directly affect male and female junior high school students in English language learning differences .Intelligence factors and non-intelligence factors, is the basic element of learning, both in the academic achievement of students.4.2.1 The type of intelligence differencesIn memory, there are differences between male and female students. No matter is to hear the content or to see the contents, general boy meaning memory ability, while girls rote learning ability. So the girls in the memory of words and sentence patterns are significantly better than boys in terms of ability. The advantage of girls in the mechanical memory to their English learning more preference, because they can have a good learning effect in vocabulary, sentence patterns and so on, which further enhanced their interest in English. In the way of thinking, research shows that men and women each has its own characteristics. Generally speaking, mens thinking has universality, flexibility and creativity and other characteristics, more in favour of logical thinking, tend to use logical thinking to solve problems, characteristics of this kind of thinking is tend to analysis, comparison, abstraction and generalization, tend to logical meaning, such as image, memory, the meaning of imagination; Womens psychological feeling stronger, more inclined to thinking in images, tend to use the image of thinking to solve the problem.Male, female students also have great differences in language skills, not only talking to girls than boys, speak fluent than boys, and they are about 25% of the time spent on dealing with people, which provides a good opportunity for the development of their oral language. Research shows that, girls in the language fluency and writing, grammar, writing and reading space and other aspects than boys advantage, these advantages hand directly to the girls in the liberal arts, especially lays a foundation in Chinese and English language classes on the subject of learning, on the other hand, also makes them in learning to find more successful experience can stimulate learning motivation.4.2.2 The difference of non-intellectual factorsInterest is the best teacher, is the golden key to successful learning. The father of modern psychology, Piaget (Jean Piaget) (1970) said: All the intellectual work depends on interest. A visible, the interest is the study of the magic weapon for success. Students interested in English, will naturally concentrate on the lecture in the classroom, classroom effectiveness high; At the same time also happy in class are hard, memory a large vocabulary and sentence patterns, so as to master the basic knowledge of English, improve their English listening and speaking ability to read and write.Young peoples vision, motivation and interest in research collaboration group to ten provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, different types of 10,059 youngsters in schools conducted a research interest in learning, results show that, in the interest of different, male middle school students interest in science than girls, girls interest in the arts is slightly greater than for boys. Teachers in our field as long as you look at, yoll find boys like to do science operations. The girls first complete liberal arts jobs ;Boys often together to explore science , girls often together recite the English .The female students interested in English, which is caused by another reason why girls better than boys. Learning attitude is a psychological tendency of students in the learning process to learn the positive or negative, including the class attitude, attitude to homework, the attitude toward the teacher, the learning discipline attitude, learning attitude, the attitude of the examination.In the classroom, girls than boys discipline, discipline of the number and the number of boys than girls; In homework, female writing correct, thoughtful, and boys sloppy writing, speed; Girls are attached to the teacher, learning to follow the teachers idea, the boys in their own way of learning; The important achievement of girls than boys , girls if the unsatisfactory results , often will be very sad boys than girls reacted strongly . Learning motivation is to illustrate that man is studying for a reason, for what reason and to study hard and are willing to pay much effort into learning. Junior high school students learning motivation has two characteristics: First, the close-range motives dominate. In the general case , to promote the psychological motivation of junior high school students to engage in certain activities , not a long-term goal , but recently