最新计算机图形学选择填空判断.doc

计算机图形学（双语）计算机图形学1、 填空题（15*2）1. （书p1）计算机成生成图像的计算由两步主要部分组成：建模（建立模型）与成图（生成图像）。modeling rendering2. （ppt c1p6）whats the computer graphics?ieee:computer graphics is the art or science of producing graphical images with the aid of computer.electron gun, focusing electrode , accelerating electrode, horizontal and vertical deflection plates, phosphor screeen像素(pixel:picture cell)：构成屏幕（图像）的最小元素分辨率(resolution)：crt在水平或竖直方向单位长度上能识别的最大像素个数，单位通常为dpi（dots per inch)。在假定屏幕尺寸一定的情况下，也可用整个屏幕所能容纳的像素个数描述，如640*480，800*600，1024*768，1280*1024等等3. （ppt c1p45）lcd显示器的三个技术指标(technical index)：可视角度(viewing angle)：能清晰看到图像的最大角度。点距(pixel pitch)：两个液晶颗粒（光点）之间的距离。点距一般为0.280.32mm就能取得较好的显示效果。分辨率(resolution)：液晶显示器中含有的液晶颗粒数，是真实分辨率，只有在真实分辨率下才能得到最佳的显示效果。4. （ppt c1p9）计算机图形学的典型应用领域:cad/camscientific visualizationcomputer animationcomputer artuser interfacenatural scenery simulation5. （书p24）状态机(state machine)：opengl可以被看成是一台状态机，既一个由它当前的状态来决定其行为的系统，而这个系统当前的状态则取决于各系统变量与系统设置此时此刻的值。6. （ppt c2p11 书p28）三个库文件的名称:glut32.lib、opengl32.lib and glu32.lib 7. （ppt c3p87）aliasing含义及常见三种aliasingaliasing: distortions result from mapping continuous space to discrete approximation.staircaseuneven brightnessthe picket fence problem 8. （ppt c5p4）光线的基本特征量（亮度、色调和饱和度（公式）brightness: ( luminance)-the total energy in the light.hue: -dominant wavelength of the distribution.saturation: -the degree of vividness.9. （书p131）光线的两种极端反射情况漫反射 （diffuse reflection）镜面反射（specular reflection）10. 2-d3-d:viewing transformation: convert the model into viewing coordinates.normalization transformation: reshape the parallel and perspective view volumes into a cubic space.viewport transformation: mapping from the window to the viewport.10. （书p6162|ppt c3p82-84）字符的两种形式：bitmap font点阵字符:每个字符由一个位图表示，该位为1表示字符的笔画经过此位，对应于此位的像素应置为字符颜色。该位为0表示字符的笔画不经过此位，对应于此位的像素应置为背景颜色。outline font矢量字符:记录字符的笔画信息，而不是整个位图，具有存储空间小，美观、变换方便等优点。11. （书p56）区域的两种定义形式boundary- definedinterior- defined12. （书p134p137）插值(interpolation shading)的三种方式constant shadinggouraud shadingphong shading13. （书p42）shading optionssmooth shadingflat shading14. opengl对颜色填充的两种方式glshademodel(gl_smooth);glshademodel(gl_flat);15. （书p3）q1.computer graphics,image processing,and computer vision deal with the (art,manipulation,)and (interpretation) of visual information,respectively.q2.the creation of visual information is also referred to as (image synthesis).q3.the two main components of computer graphics are modeling and rending.q4.gui stands for (graphical user interface).the graphical kernel system (gks)-(1984)american national institute (ansi) and the international standards organization (iso) the programmers hierarchical interactive graphics standards (phigs, phigs+) opengl (silicon graphics, inc. sgi)directx (microsoft)xlib (x-windows)。16. geometric transformation: transform the object relative to stationary coordinate or background.coordinate transformation:transform the coordinate system relative to stationary object.17. （书p138）建立光源：opengl把位置光源(positional light)与方向光源(directional light)区分开来18.（书p89）齐次坐标(homogeneous coordinate)与普通坐标的转换选择题：1、 常用的颜色系统what kind of color system is used on display rgb print cmy（k）the rgb modelthe cmy and cmyk modelthe hsi color modelthe ntsc yiq color model:北美电视系统the yuv color modelthe ycbcr color model3、 启动光照与启动具体光照enable the light source specific light source such as light0glenable(gl_lighting);glenable(gl_light0);gldiable(gl_light0); turn off lighting or specific light source iso develop44、 哪一个函数可以用来做观察变化,即改变观察角度（下面5个）4.4.1 modeling transformationglmatrixmodel(gl_modelview);glloadidentity();gltranslatetx, ty,tz）glfloat,gldouble glscale(sx,sy,sz) glfloat, gldouble glrotate(angle,x,y,z) glfloat, gldouble glloadmatrix*glmultmatrix*判断题5、 三种画线算法都是增量算法（incremental algorithm）9、这些函数有什么功能。(lighting options 改变光照参数) global ambient light: （环境光） gllightmodelfv: gl_light_model_ambient, glfloat local or infinite viewpoint: gllightmodeli(gl_light_model_local_viewer,gl_true); two-sided lighting: gllightmodeli(gl_light_model_two_side,gl_true); separate specular contribution:（独立镜面） gllightmodeli(gl_light_model_color_control,gl_separate_specular_color);10、some functions have multiple versions that accept different numbers of arguments glvertex2i, expect two glint arguments glvertex2f, expect two glfloat arguments glvertex3f, expect three glfloat arguments.) as a pointer pass to a function (eg. glvertex3fv)11、glloadmatrix能初始化为任意矩阵initialization into arbitrary matrix glloadldentity()单位矩阵12、（ppt c3p98）两个函数的功能走向/朝向（英）(fill-s