centos下oracle10g安装手册.docx

oracle10g安装说明目录一、系统参数设置31.rpm包安装32.kernel参数修改33.比对/etc/hosts和/etc/sysconfig/network文件中的主机名是否一致44.修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件45.修改/etc/pam.d/login文件46.关闭seliinux57.修改/etc/profile文件58.centos5.0 支持oracle10g设置59.oracle用户创建610.创建安装目录611.解压oracle安装程序612.修改 oracle 用户 .bash_profile6二、开始安装oracle数据库7三、设置数据库自启动231.编辑/etc/oratab文件232.修改/opt/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/bin/dbstart文件233.编辑自启动脚本24四、创建数据库用户实例24一、 系统参数设置1. rpm包安装以root用户登陆进行配置#rpm -q binutilsgccglibcglibc-headers glibc-kernheadersglibc-develcompat-libstdc+ cppcompat-gcc make compat-dbcompat-gcc-c+ compat-libstdc+ compat-libstdc+-develsetarchsysstatpdkshlibaiolibaio-devel -qf %name.%archn|sort使用如上命令查看rpm包是否全部安装，没有的需要补全安装！rpm包安装命令#rpm ivh rpm包名称rpm包卸载命令#rpm e rpm包名称有些rpm包有关联关系，卸载需要同时卸载多个rpm包，这时需要强行卸载#rpm e rpm包名称 -nodeps注意：安装compat-libstdc+-7.3-2.96.128.i386.rpm时需要先卸载compat-libstdc+-296-2.96-138.i386#rpm -e compat-libstdc+-296-2.96-138.i386安装glibc-kernheaders-2.4-9.1.98.el.i386.rpm时需要先卸载kernel-headers-2.6.18-164.el5.i386#rpm -e kernel-headers-2.6.18-164.el5.i386 nodeps（卸载kernel-headers-2.6.18-164.el5.i386时有关联包，强行卸载即可）安装64位oracl10g时，rpm包检查命令如下：#rpm -q binutils compat-gcc-34 compat-gcc-34-c+ compat-libstdc+-33 control-center gcc gcc-c+ gdbm glibc glibc-common glibc-devel libgcc libgnome libstdc+-devel libxp make sysstat util-linux2. kernel参数修改以root用户登陆进行配置#vi /etc/sysctl.conf在行末添加以下内容#use for oracle10gkernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 2147483648kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 65536net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=262144net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=262144注意：kernel.shmmax = 4294967295，kernel.shmall = 268435456这些参数已经存在并且默认启用了，需要将原kernel.shmmax与kernel.shmall参数注释掉调用如下命令使之立即生效（或者重启计算机也会自动生效）# sysctl -p3. 比对/etc/hosts和/etc/sysconfig/network文件中的主机名是否一致以root用户登陆进行配置如果不一致，修改成一致，否则再后面的运行netca和dbca时可能出现错误提示4. 修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件以root用户登陆进行配置#vi /etc/security/limits.conf在文件末尾添加以下内容#use for oracle10goracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 655365. 修改/etc/pam.d/login文件以root用户登陆进行配置#vi /etc/pam.d/login 行末添加以下内容session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so注意：64bit操作系统，添加内容如下：session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so6. 关闭seliinux以root用户登陆进行配置#vi /etc/selinux/config修改参数selinux为：selinux=disabled7. 修改/etc/profile文件以root用户登陆进行配置#vi /etc/profile在最后添加参数if $user = oracle ; thenif $shell = /bin/ksh ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fifi8. centos5.0 支持oracle10g设置默认情况下oracle10g是不支持在centos系统上安装的，需要进行参数修改；centos支持oracle10g的方式有两种，任选一种修改即可：以root用户登陆进行配置a) 直接修改/etc/redhat-release内容为 redhat-4b) 对oraparam修改（需要先解压oracle安装文件后才能修改）#vi /opt/oracle-setup/database/install/oraparam.ini# #certified versions 内容修改成下面linux=redhat-3,suse-9,redhat-4,centos-5,unitedlinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2再添加linux-centos-5.0-optionaltemp_space=80swap_space=150min_display_colors=2569. oracle用户创建以root用户登陆进行配置#groupadd oinstall #groupadd dba #useradd -m -g oinstall -g dba oracle#passwd oracle10. 创建安装目录以root用户登陆进行配置#mkdir -p /opt/oracle10g#chown -r oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle10g#chmod -r 775 /opt/oracle10g11. 解压oracle安装程序以root用户登陆进行配置#mkdirp /opt/oracle-setup将oracle安装程序拷贝到/opt/oracle-setup下，并解压缩：#cd /opt/oracle-setup#unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip注意：64bit操作系统上解压缩步骤如下：#gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz#cpio idmv10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio#chown -r oracle.dba /opt/oracle-setup12. 修改 oracle 用户 .bash_profile以oracle用户登陆进行配置$ vi /.bash_profileexport oracle_base=/opt/oracle10gexport oracle_home=$oracle_base/product/10.2.0export oracle_sid=oralexport path=$path:$home/bin:$oracle_home/binexport ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib:/lib:/us/lib二、 开始安装oracle数据库切记以oracle用户图形界面登陆进行配置$cd /opt/oracle-setup/database$./runinstaller注意：运行runinstaller时如出现如下问题，请安装libxp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm后再重新运行runinstaller即可：$ ./runinstallerstarting oracle universal installer.checking installer requirements.checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, suse-9, redhat-4, unitedlinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2 passedall installer requirements met.preparing to launch oracle universal installer from /tmp/orainstall2010-06-18_03-04-39am. pleasewait .oraclelocalhost database$ exception in thread main java.lang.unsatisfiedlinkerror: /tmp/orainstall2010-06-18_03-04-39am/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: libxp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directoryatjava.lang.classloader$nativelibrary.load(native method)at java.lang.classloader.loadlibrary0(unknown source)atjava.lang.classloader.loadlibrary(unknown source)at java.lang.runtime.loadlibrary0(unknown source)atjava.lang.system.loadlibrary(unknown source)atsun.security.action.loadlibraryaction.run(unknown source)atjava.security.accesscontroller.doprivileged(native method)atsun.awt.nativelibloader.loadlibraries(unknown source)atsun.awt.debughelper.(unknown source)atjava.awt.component.(unknown source)安装过程如下所示：选择“advanced installation”，点击“next”进入下一界面在“enter the full path of the invertory directory”中输入完整的路径：/opt/oracle10g/orainvertory，选择“oinstall”，点击“next”进入下一界面选择数据库类型，默认“enterprise edition”即可，点“next”进入下一界面指定oracle的数据库的主目录名称和路径，默认即可，点“next”进入下一界面与oracle相关的先决条件检查，完成后点击“next”进入下一界面点击“yes”进入下一界面默认“create a database”即可，点击“next”进入下一界面默认“general purpose”即可，点击“next”进入下一界面l 设置“global database name”oral，“sid”oral，确认“sid”与环境变量中的oracle_sid一致，都为oral注意：sid设置需要与/.bash_proflie中export oracle_sid=oral一致l 字符集时选择“simplified chinese zhs16gbk”l 选择create database with sample schemas点击“next”进入下一界面保持默认即可，点击“next”进入下一界面指定数据库文件存储选项，保持默认即可，点击“next”进入下一界面数据库指定备份和恢复选项，保持默认即可，点击“next”进入下一界面指定数据库模式口令选项，选择“use the same password for all the accounts”，使用统一密码（password=channel soft）完成设置，点击“install”开始安装数据库点击“ok”继续安装此时，另开一个终端，以root用户执行$oracle_home/root.sh即可。# she /opt/oracle11g/orainventory/orainstroot.sh提示：changing permissions of /opt/oracle10g/orainventory to 770.changing groupname of /opt/oracle10g/orainventory to oinstall.the execution of the script is complete# she /opt/oracle11g/product/11.1.0/root.sh running oracle10 root.sh script.the following environment variables are set as:oracle_owner= oracleoracle_home= /opt/oracle10g/product/10.2.0enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: /us/local/bin: 回车 copying biome to /us/local/bin . copying orient to /us/local/bin . copying craven to /us/local/bin .creating /etc/orate file.entries will be added to the /etc/orate file as needed bydatabase configuration assistant when a database is createdfinished running generic part of root.sh script.now product-specific root actions will be performed.终端运行完毕后，点击“ok”进入下一界面点击“exit”完成数据库安装三、 设置数据库自启动1. 编辑/etc/oratab文件以root用户登录# vi /etc/orataboral:/opt/oracle10g/prod