综合设计实验__成语词典查询系统设计.docx

综合设计实验 成语词典查询系统设计一、实验目的1了解sql语言各语句的语法与使用方法；2掌握dataprovider 和dataset两个核心组件的常用属性、方法的含义及使用方法；3掌握利用dataprovider 和dataset两个核心组件实现数据库记录的插入、修改、删除的方法；4使学生能够通过老师讲过的内容灵活运用多种控件，实现对简单数据库的维护，能够自行调试，显示或保存实验结果。并使学生更深入的掌握面向对象程序设计这门课程。二、基本要求（1）创建成语词典查询系统所需的表（成语词典表），并能连接上数据库。 （2）完成对所建成语词典表的插入、修改、删除功能（3）完成对成语的精确和模糊查询（4）完成对成语词典查询结果保存为word文档及其导入成语词典。（5）为完成上述功能，还需运用菜单、工具条等多种控件三、实验步骤：1. 创建数据库：打开sql server management studio，创建数据库”成语字典库“然后新建一个名为成语字典表的表，如图1所示。图12. 创建项目：在microsoft visual studio 2010中创建一个名为“成语字典应用”的windows窗体应用程序项目。3. 设计界面：在空白窗体中添加菜单button、label、textbox、combobox、richtextbox、datagridview、menustrip、sqlconnection、sqldataadapter、sqlcommand、savefiledialog、openfiledialog控件，对控件的属性进行修改，如表1所示。并且对菜单栏上的选项设置快捷键和访问键。控件名称属性属性值menustripitems浏览（查看所有、保存结果、退出）、查询（精确查询、模糊查询）、添加、删除、修改、退出label1text选择查询方式：groupbox1text操作界面label2text设置查询值：label3text显示界面：label4text拼音：label5text成语：label6text备注：label7text拼音简写：label8textlabel8button1text精确查询button2text模糊查询button3text添加button4text修改button5text删除button6text导出到word文件button7text从word文件中导入combobox1items拼音、成语、备注、拼音简写表1控件属性及属性值图二图二为进行整体布局后窗体效果图。4. 在form1.h 编写菜单、按钮、标签的事件（单击事件）。（1）在窗体的头文件中引用system:data:sqlclient命名空间后，才可以使用该命名空间内定义的如sqlconnection等类的对象。因此需要在窗体的头文件中添加如下语句： using namespace system:data:sqlclient;因为要有文件的导出和导入所以要在命名空间部分加上：using namespace system:io;并且在窗体类中要定义一个sqlconnection 类型的对象con，并在form1类的构造函数中进行初始化。代码如下所示。 form1(void)initializecomponent();/todo: 在此处添加构造函数代码/con=gcnew sqlconnection();con-connectionstring = ldata source=.;initial catalog=成语字典库;integrated security=true;/用connection控件链接到服务器名为”.“数据库名为“成语字典库“，用windows身份验证方式登陆sqlconnection con; /在窗体的头文件中定义一个con（2）在视图设计器下点击菜单栏“浏览”双击“查看所有”便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void 查看所有toolstripmenuitem_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) string sql=select * from 成语字典表;/定义了sql字符串，其内容为sqlsever数据库的查询语句 dataset ds=gcnew dataset();/定义了数据集的对象ds sqldataadapter ourda=gcnew sqldataadapter(sql,con); try /后面写可能发生的异常事件 ourda-fill(ds,zd); this-datagridview1-datasource=ds-tableszd;/ datagridview1中显示表中的内容 con-open(); if (con-state=connectionstate:open) string sql= select count(*) from 成语字典表; sqlcommand cmd = gcnew sqlcommand( sql,con); string myinformation=表中成语的总数是: + cmd-executescalar()-tostring() + 条; label8-text=myinformation; /label8显示表中成语的总数 if (con-state=connectionstate:open) con-close(); catch(system:data:sqlclient:sqlexception ex)/显示异常信息 messagebox:show(数据的异常信息是:+ex-message,提示信息); （3）在视图设计器下点击菜单栏“查询”双击“精确查询”便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void 精确查询toolstripmenuitem_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) string sql= select * from 成语字典表 where +combobox1-text+ =+textbox1-text+; messagebox:show(sql);/显示sql语句 datatable ourtable=gcnew datatable(); sqldatareaderrd; sqlcommandcmd=gcnew sqlcommand( sql,con); sqldataadapter ourda = gcnew sqldataadapter( sql,con); if(textbox1-text=) messagebox:show(请输入要查找成语的相关信息); return; try/将查询到的数据添加到富文本框中为导出做准备 con-open(); rd=cmd-executereader(); if(rd-read() richtextbox1-text+=rd拼音-tostring()+t; richtextbox1-text+=rd成语-tostring()+t; richtextbox1-text+=rd备注-tostring()+t; richtextbox1-text+=rd拼音简写-tostring()+n; catch(system:data:sqlclient:sqlexception ex) messagebox:show(数据异常信息是：+ex-errors,提示信息); return; finally rd-close(); if(con-state=connectionstate:open) con-close(); try ourda-fill(ourtable); this-datagridview1-datasource=ourtable; catch(system:data:sqlclient:sqlexception ex) messagebox:show(数据异常信息是：+ex-errors,提示信息); （4）在视图设计器下点击菜单栏“查询”双击“模糊查询”便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。模糊查询的代码只需将sql查询语句变为string sql= select * from 成语字典表 where +combobox1-text+ like%+textbox1-text+%;（5）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“添加”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void 添加toolstripmenuitem_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) if(textbox3-text=) messagebox:show(添加的对象内容不能为空); return; try con-open(); if (con-state=connectionstate:open) stringsql=insert into 成语字典表(拼音,成语,备注,拼音简写)values(+textbox2-text+,+textbox3-text+,+textbox4-text+,+textbox5-text+); messagebox:show(sql); sqlcommandcmd=gcnew sqlcommand(sql,con); cmd-executenonquery(); messagebox:show(添加成功记录); catch(sqlexceptionex) messagebox:show(数据的异常信息是：+ex-message,提示信息); finally if(con-state=connectionstate:open) con -close(); （6）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“修改”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void 修改toolstripmenuitem_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) string sql= update 成语字典表 set +combobox1-text+ =+textbox2-text+ where +combobox1-text+ =+textbox1-text+; messagebox:show(sql); datatable ourtable=gcnew datatable(); sqldataadapter ourda = gcnew sqldataadapter( sql,con); try ourda-fill(ourtable); catch(system:data:sqlclient:sqlexception ex) messagebox:show(数据的异常信息是：+ex-message,提示信息); （7）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“删除”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void 删除toolstripmenuitem_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) if(combobox1-text=|textbox1-text=)/选择删除方式和设置删除值不能为空 messagebox:show(删除对象的内容不能为空); return; if(windows:forms:dialogresult:ok!=messagebox:show(确定要删除记录吗？,删除,messageboxbuttons:okcancel) return;/如果点击取消则返回 try con-open(); if (con-state=connectionstate:open) string sql= delete from 成语字典表 where +combobox1-text+ =+textbox1-text+; messagebox:show(sql); sqlcommand cmd = gcnew sqlcommand( sql,con); cmd-executenonquery(); messagebox:show(您已经成功删除+combobox1-text+ =+textbox1-text+的记录); catch( sqlexception ex) messagebox:show(数据的异常信息是：+ex-message,提示信息); finally if (con-state=connectionstate:open) con-close(); （8）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“退出”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void 退出toolstripmenuitem_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) this-close(); （9）在视图设计器下双击 “导出到word文件”按钮便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码，思路是将富文本框中的内容导出到word。private: system:void button6_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) if(savefiledialog1-showdialog()=windows:forms:dialogresult:ok) streamwriter str=file:createtext(savefiledialog1-filename); str-write(richtextbox1-text);/内容从richtextbox1写入到word str-close(); （10）在视图设计器下双击 “从word文件中导入”按钮便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: system:void button7_click(system:object sender, system:eventargs e) openfiledialog1-initialdirectory=e:;/设置了起始目录openfiledialog1-filter=富文本文件(*.rtf)|*.rtf|文本文件(*.doc)|*.doc;/选择文件类型 if (system:windows:forms:dialogresult:ok=openfiledialog1-showdialog() srtfilename=openfiledialog1-filename; streamreader sd=file:opentext(srtfilename); this-richtextbox1-text=; this-richtextbox1-text=sd-readtoend();/内容添加到richtextbox1中 sd-close(); 四窗体运行和调试按下启动调试（f5）编译成功，如果有错误则应根据错误信息和位置找到错误并改正。也可以利用设置断点的方式来进行排错。我在程序调试过程中就遇到以下问题：控件忘记添加，数据库的链接失败，对象引用有错误等。在编写从word中导入的功能时遇到导入的内容如果是汉字就有错误，我就改用数据流的方式成功解决问题。界面上的所有功能都可以使用达到了实验要求。五实验小结本次实验的内容是在学习完c+与windows窗体应用程序的基础知识数据库sql server之后一次各知识点结合的综合性实验。本次实验运用所学知识对一些概念，一些知识点的理解更进一步加深。能够通过老师讲的内容灵活运用多种控件，实现对简单数据库的维护，能够自行调试，显或保存实验结果。对更深入的掌握面向对象程序设计这门课程有很大的帮助。六代码清单form1.h#pragma oncenamespace 成语字典应用 using namespace system;using namespace system:componentmodel;using namespace system:collections;using namespace system:windows:forms;using namespace system:data;using namespace system:data:sqlclient;using namespace system:drawing;using namespace system:io;/ / form1 摘要/ public ref class form1 : public system:windows:forms:formpublic:string srtfilename;form1(void)initializecomponent();/todo: 在此处添加构造函数代码/con=gcnew sqlconnection();con-connectionstring = ldata source=.;initial catalog=成语字典库;integrated security=true;sqlconnection con;private: system:data:sqlclient:sqlconnection sqlconnection1;public: private: system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand sqlselectcommand1;private: system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand sqlinsertcommand1;private: system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand sqlupdatecommand1;private: system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand sqldeletecommand1;private: system:data:sqlclient:sqldataadapter sqldataadapter1;private: system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand sqlcommand1;private: system:windows:forms:label label8;private: system:windows:forms:label label6;private: system:windows:forms:label label5;private: system:windows:forms:label label4;private: system:windows:forms:button button3;private: system:windows:forms:button button4;private: system:windows:forms:button button5;private: system:windows:forms:button button6;private: system:windows:forms:textbox textbox3;private: system:windows:forms:label label7;private: system:windows:forms:textbox textbox5;private: system:windows:forms:textbox textbox2;private: system:windows:forms:textbox textbox4;private: system:windows:forms:groupbox groupbox1;private: system:windows:forms:richtextbox richtextbox1;private: system:windows:forms:savefiledialog savefiledialog1;private: system:windows:forms:button button7;private: system:windows:forms:openfiledialog openfiledialog1; protected:/ / 清理所有正在使用的资源。/ form1()if (components)delete components;private: system:windows:forms:menustrip menustrip1;protected: private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 浏览toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 查看所有toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 保存结果toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripseparator toolstripmenuitem1;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 退出toolstripmenuitem1;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 查询toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 精确查询toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 模糊查询toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 添加toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 修改toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 删除toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 刷新toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem 退出toolstripmenuitem;private: system:windows:forms:label label1;private: system:windows:forms:label label2;private: system:windows:forms:label label3;private: system:windows:forms:datagridview datagridview1;private: system:windows:forms:button button1;private: system:windows:forms:button button2;private: system:windows:forms:combobox combobox1;private: system:windows:forms:textbox textbox1;private:/ / 必需的设计器变量。/ system:componentmodel:container components;#pragma region windows form designer generated code/ / 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要/ 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。/ void initializecomponent(void)this-menustrip1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:menustrip();this-浏览toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-保存结果toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-toolstripmenuitem1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripseparator();this-退出toolstripmenuitem1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-查询toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-精确查询toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-模糊查询toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-添加toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-修改toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-删除toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-刷新toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-退出toolstripmenuitem = (gcnew system:windows:forms:toolstripmenuitem();this-label1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-label2 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-label3 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-datagridview1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:datagridview();this-button1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-button2 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-combobox1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:combobox();this-textbox1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:textbox();this-sqlconnection1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqlconnection();this-sqlselectcommand1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand();this-sqlinsertcommand1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand();this-sqlupdatecommand1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand();this-sqldeletecommand1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand();this-sqldataadapter1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqldataadapter();this-sqlcommand1 = (gcnew system:data:sqlclient:sqlcommand();this-label8 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-label6 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-label5 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-label4 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-button3 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-button4 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-button5 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-button6 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-textbox3 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:textbox();this-label7 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:label();this-textbox5 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:textbox();this-textbox2 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:textbox();this-textbox4 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:textbox();this-groupbox1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:groupbox();this-richtextbox1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:richtextbox();this-savefiledialog1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:savefiledialog();this-button7 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:button();this-openfiledialog1 = (gcnew system:windows:forms:openfiledialog();this-menustrip1-suspendlayout();(cli:safe_cast(this-datagridview1)-begininit();this-groupbox1-suspendlayout();this-suspendlayout();/ / menustrip1/ this-menustrip1-items-addrange(gcnew cli:array(7) this-浏览toolstripmenuitem, this-查询toolstripmenuitem, this-添加toolstripmenuitem, this-修改toolstripmenuitem, this-删除toolstripmenuitem, this-刷新toolstripmenuitem, this-退出toolstripmenuitem);this-menustrip1-location = system:drawing:point(0, 0);this-menustrip1-name = lmenustrip1;this-menustrip1-size = system:drawing:size(619, 25);this-menustrip1-tabindex = 0;this-menustrip1-text = lmenustrip1;/ / 浏览toolstripmenuitem/ this-浏览toolstripmenuitem-dropdownitems-addrange(gcnew cli:array(4) this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem, this-保存结果toolstripmenuitem, this-toolstripmenuitem1, this-退出toolstripmenuitem1);this-浏览toolstripmenuitem-name = l浏览toolstripmenuitem;this-浏览toolstripmenuitem-shortcutkeys = static_cast(system:windows:forms:keys:alt | system:windows:forms:keys:f);this-浏览toolstripmenuitem-size = system:drawing:size(58, 21);this-浏览toolstripmenuitem-text = l浏览(&f);/ / 查看所有toolstripmenuitem/ this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem-name = l查看所有toolstripmenuitem;this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem-shortcutkeys = static_cast(system:windows:forms:keys:control | system:windows:forms:keys:a);this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem-size = system:drawing:size(189, 22);this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem-text = l查看所有(m);this-查看所有toolstripmenuitem-click += gcnew system:eventhandler(this, &form1:查看所有toolstripmenuitem_click);