电力系统分析(中国电力出版社,苏小林闫晓霞版).doc

蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁蒀螁艿薆蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅蚁螈芃蒇薇螇莆芀袅螆肅蒆螁螅膈芈蚇螅芀蒄薃袄罿芇葿袃肂蒂螈袂膄芅螄袁莆薀蚀袀肆莃薆衿膈蕿蒂衿芁莂螀袈羀薇蚆羇肃莀薂羆膅薅蒈羅芇莈袇羄肇膁螃羃腿蒆虿羃节艿薅羂羁蒅蒁羁肄芈蝿肀膆蒃蚅聿芈芆薁肈羈蒁薇肇膀芄袆肇节薀螂肆莅莂蚈肅肄薈薄蚁膇莁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第一章1-1解： 4发电机g额定电压： 10变压器额定变比： 105=10.5kv 100220110/100242110110t1=，t2：220:(110):(35)=220:121:38.510105/10010.5100100 1101103535t3=，t4=101.11161.16.61-2解：(1)：发电机g：10.5kv变压器高低压侧额定电压：t11211101103535 ，t2=t3=10.5351.138.5101.111(2) 变压器实际变比：121(1+2.5%)12411035(1-5%)33.25 t1=，t2，t3=10.510.538.5101.1111-3解：日用电量：w=702+504+802+1004+802+904+1204+702=2040(mwh)日平均负荷： pav=负荷率： g=w2040=85(mw) 2424pav85=0.708 pmax120pmin50=0.417 pmax120最小负荷率： b=1-4 解： tmax= w1=(1002000+604000+302760)=5228(h) pmax100 第二章2-1 解：线路长度为65km，属短线路，不计分布性参数r1=31.5=0.105(w/km)s300dm=dabdacdbc=6000600012000=7559.5(mm)=x1=0.1445lgdm+0.0157=0.4215(w/km)rr7.5810-6=2.710-6(s/km)dlgmrr=r1l=0.10565=6.825(w)b1=x=x1l=0.421565=27.3975(w)b=b1l=2.710-665=1.75510-4(s)等效电路：6.825+j27.3975w 2-2 解：(1) 不计分布性参数r1=31.5=0.0197(w/km)s4400dm=3dabdacdbc=1200024000=15119.1(mm)=dm0.015715119.10.0157+=0.1445lg+=0.279(w/km)reqn187.384rreq=rd12d13d14=.624004004002=187.38(mm)x1=0.1445lgb1= 7.5810-6=3.97510-6(s/km)dlgmreqr=r1l=0.0197120=2.364(w)x=x1l=0.279120=33.48(w)b=b1l=3.97510-6120=4.7710-4(s)等效电路： 2.364+j33.48w (2) 不计分布性参数r1=31.5=0.0197(w/km)s4400dm=dabdacdbc=1400014000=14000(mm)=dm0.0157140000.0157+=0.1445lg+=0.269(w/km)reqn204.684rreq=rd12d13d14=.624504504502=204.68(mm)x1=0.1445lgb1= 7.5810-6=4.13110-6(s/km)dlgmreqr=r1l=0.0197120=2.364(w)x=x1l=0.269120=32.28(w)b=b1l=4.13110-6120=4.957210-4(s)2-3 解：r=r1l=0.1200=20(w)x=l1wl=2p50210-3200=125.66(w)b=b1l=2p500.0110-6200=6.2810-4(s)l22002-3-6kr=1-x1b1=1-2p502102p500.0110=0.974 33r12b1l2l2kx=1-(x1b1-)=0.987，kb=1+x1b1=1.007x1612z=krr+jkxx=0.97420+j0.987125.66=19.48+j124.026(w)y=jkbb=j1.0076.2810-4=j6.32410-4(s)20+j125.66w20+j125.66w19.48+j124.026w短线路等效电路2-4 解： 中等长度线路等效电路长线路等效电路21psun1601102rt=3.63(w)2221000sn210001021uk%un110.51102xt=63.525(w)2100sn210010 gt=2p018-6=2=2.97610(s)221000un1000110 bt=2i0%sn0.910=2=1.48810-5(s) 22100un100110g型等效电路： 3.63wj63.525w2.9762-5 解：1(ps1-2+ps1-3-ps2-3)=93(kw)21ps2=(ps1-2+ps2-3-ps1-3)=52(kw)21ps3=(ps1-3+ps2-3-ps1-2)=65(kw)22ps1un931212rt1=3.404(w)21000sn1000202ps1=rt2rt32ps2un521212=1.903(w)21000sn10002022ps3un651212=2.379(w)21000sn10002021(us1-2%+us1-3%-us2-3%)=1121us2%=(us1-2%+us2-3%-us3-1%)=-0.521us3%=(us3-1%+us2-3%-us1-2%)=722us1%un111212xt1=80.526(w)100sn10020us1%=xt2xt32us2%un-0.51212=-3.66(w)100sn100202us3%un71212=51.244(w)100sn10020 gt=bt=p043.3-6=2.95710(s)221000un1000121i0%sn3.4620=4.72610-5(s)22100un100121 等效电路图：1.903-j3.66w 2-6 解：ps2-3=(ps1=sn2)ps2-3=4ps2-3=1080(kw)，ps1-3=4ps1-3=1380(kw)s3n1(ps1-2+ps1-3-ps2-3)=312.5(kw)21ps2=(ps1-2+ps2-3-ps1-3)=12.5(kw)21ps3=(ps1-3+ps2-3-ps1-2)=1067.5(kw)22ps1un312.52202rt1=1.867(w)21000sn1000902rt2rt32ps2un12.52202=0.075(w)21000sn10009022ps3un1067.52202=6.379(w)21000sn1000902us2-3%=(us1%=sn2-3%=2us2-3%=24.2，us3-1%=2us3-1%=37.2)uss3n1(us1-2%+us3-1%-us2-3%)=11.521us2%=(us1-2%+us2-3%-us3-1%)=-1.521us3%=(us3-1%+us2-3%-us1-2%)=25.722us1%un11.52202xt1=61.844(w)100sn10090xt2xt32us2%un-1.52202=-8.067(w)100sn100902us3%un25.72202=138.209(w)100sn10090 gt=p0104=2.14910-6(s)221000un1000220i%sn0.6590-5bt=0=1.20910(s)22100un100220等效电路图： 2-7 解：（1）以220kv电压作为基本级2psun6202422t1：rt=0.63(w)221000sn10002402us%un142422xt=34.162(w)100sn100240 gt1=bt1=p0185-6=3.15910(s)221000un1000242i0%sn0.5240=2.04910-5(s)22100un100242sn2)ps2-3=4ps2-3=592(kw)，ps1-3=4ps1-3=880(kw)s3nt2：ps2-3=(ps1=1(ps1-2+ps1-3-ps2-3)=483.5(kw)21 ps2=(ps1-2+ps2-3-ps1-3)=195.5(kw)21 ps3=(ps1-3+ps2-3-ps1-2)=396.5(kw)22ps1un483.52202rt1=0.722(w)221000sn1000180 rt2rt32ps2un195.52202=0.292(w)221000sn10001802ps3un396.52202=0.592(w)221000sn10001801(us1-2%+us3-1%-us2-3%)=14.9521 us2%=(us1-2%+us2-3%-us3-1%)=-0.952 us1%= us3%=xt1xt2xt31(us3-1%+us2-3%-us1-2%)=9.0522us1%un14.952202=61.844(w)100sn1001802us2%un-0.952202=-2.554(w)100sn1001802us3%un9.052202=24.334(w)100sn100180gt2=bt2=p0200=4.13210-6(s)221000un1000220i0%sn0.8180-5=2.97510(s)22100un100220l1：r1=r1l=0.0860=4.8(w)x1=x1l=0.41760=25.02(w)b1=b1l=2.9110-660=1.74610-4(s)2202)=21.818(w)1212202 x2=0.40550()=66.942(w)1212202 b2=2.7610-650()=4.174510-5(s)121l2：r2=0.13250(等效电路： 0.63+j34.162w1(4.8+j25.02)w0.722+j40.199w0.292-j2.554w21.818+j66.942w(4.132(3.159s122ubs=48.4(w)，yb=b=0.02066(s) (2)选取sb=1000mva，ub=220kv，zb=2sbub*t1：rt=rtxgb*=0.013，xt=t=0.706，gt1=t1=1.52910-4，bt1=t1=9.91810-4zbzbybybrrt1r*=0.015，rt2=t2=0.006，rt3=t3=0.012zbzbzbxxt1x*=0.831，xt2=t2=-0.053，xt3=t3=0.503zbzbzb*t2：rt1=* xt1= g*gt2=t2=210-4，b*=bt2t2=1.4410-4ybybl*r1：r1=1=0.099，x*x*b1=1z=0.517，b1=1=8.45110-3z bbybl：r*r22=2=0.451，x*=x2=1.383，b*b-3z22=2=2.02110bzbyb等效电路： 0.013+j0.70610.015+j0.8310.006-j0.0530.451+j1.38325(.2(1(3)选取sb=1000mva，ub=uavt：r*pssb6201t=1000s2=10002=0.011n1000240x*us%sbt=100s=141000240=0.583n100g*p0t1=1851000=1.8510-41000sb1000b*i0%snt1=0.52401001000=1.210-3100sbt*ps1sb483.2：rt1=1000s2=510002=0.015n1000180r*ps2sbt2=1000s2=195.510001802=0.006(w)n1000r*ps3sb396.5t3=1000s2=10001802=0.012(w)n1000x*us1%sbt1=100s=14.951000=0.831n100180x*us2%sbt2=100s=0.951000100180=0.053nx*us3%sb9t3=100s=.051001000180=0.503ng*p0200t2=s=210-41000b10001000s1 *bt2=i0%sn100sbsb2uav=0.8180=1.4410-3100100010002302*l1：r1=r1l=0.0860=0.091=0.473* x1=x1lsb2uav=0.4176010002302*b12uav2302-6=b1l=2.911060=9.23610-3sb1000*l2：r2=r2l* x2=x2lsb2uav=0.13250=0.4055010001151152=0.499=1.531sb2uav10002*b22uav1152-6=b2l=2.761050=1.82510-3sb1000等效电路为：0.011+j0.5831(0.091+j0.473)0.015+j0.8310.006+j0.0530.499+j1.5311 2-8解：(1)计算线路参数：2psun4101212t1：rt=0.417(w)221000sn10001202us%un10.51212xt=12.811(w)100sn100120gt1= bt1=p099.4-6=6.78910(s)221000un1000121i0%sn0.6120=4.91810-5(s)22100un1001212psun3001102=0.457(w)21000sn2000632t2：rt1=rt2=rt3 us1%=1(us1-2%+us3-1%-us2-3%)=1021us2%=(us1-2%+us2-3%-us3-1%)=0.521us3%=(us3-1%+us2-3%-us1-2%)=62 2us1%un101102=19.206(w)100sn100632us2%un0.51102=0.96(w)100sn100632us3%un61102=11.524(w)100sn10063xt1 xt2 xt3gt2= bt2=p084.7=710-6(s)221000un1000110i0%sn1.263-5=6.24810(s)22100un100110l1：r1=r1l1=0.42280=33.76(w) x1=x1l1=0.42980=34.32(w)b1=b1l1=2.6610-680=2.12810-4(s)l2：r2=r2l2=0.42250=21.1(w) x2=x2l2=0.42950=21.45(w) b2=b2l2=2.6610-650=1.3310-4(s)l1：r3=r3l3=0.42260=25.32(w) x3=x3l3=0.42960=25.74(w)b3=b3l3=2.6610-660=1.59610-4(s)2psun1481102t3：rt=1.805(w)221000sn100031.52us%un10.51102xt=40.333(w)100sn10031.5 gt3= bt3=等效电路图：p038.5=3.18210-6(s)221000un1000110i0%sn0.831.5-5=2.08310(s)22100un10011033.76+j34.32ws1 (2) 标幺制下，按精确计算法计算，选取2ubssb=1000mva，ub=110kv，zb=12.1(w)，yb=b=0.083(s)2sbub*t1：rt=rtxgb*=0.034，xt=t=1.059，gt1=t1=8.1810-5，bt1=t1=5.92510-4zbzbybybrt1x*=0.038，xt1=t1=1.587，xt2=0.079，xt3=0.952zbzb*t2：rt1=rt2=rt3=* gt2=*t3：rt=*l1：r1=*l2：r2=*l3：r3=gt2b*=8.43410-5，bt2=t2=7.52810-4ybybgbrtx*=0.149，xt=t=3.333，gt3=t3=3.83410-5，bt3=t3=2.5110-4zbzbybybr1xb*=2.79，x1=1=2.836，b1=1=2.56410-3zbzbybr2xb*=1.744，x2=2=1.773，b2=2=1.60210-3zbzbybr3xb*=2.093，x3=3=2.127，b3=3=1.92310-3zbzbyb 2-9解：选取sb=1000mva，ub=uav*g：xd=xdsb100=1.628=0.1628sn1000*t1：xt1=us1%sb10.51000=0.875100sn100120sb2uav*l1：x1=x1l1=0.410010001152=3.025*t2：xt2=us2%sb10.51000=1.167100sn10090unsb2uav*r：xr=xr*l2：r2=r2l2* x2=x2l2sb23inuav=0.0564210006.32=1.091=0.4525=0.082510006.36.310002=283.447=50.391sb2uav等效电路图：j0.1628j0.875j3.025j1.167j1.091283.447j50.391 第三章3-1解：(1)计算线路参数：111r1=r1l=0.13100=6.5(w)222111 x=x1=x1l=0.412100=21.05(w)222b=2b1=2b1l=22.710-6100=5.410-4(s)r=&s6.5+j21.05w&s2 112dsy2=-jbu2=-j5.410-42102=-j11.907(mva)22=s2+dsy2=40+j30-j11.907=40+j18.093(mva)s22p22+q2402+18.0932dsz=(r+jx)=(6.5+j21.05)=0.284+j0.92(mva)22u2210+dsz=40+j18.093+0.284+j0.92=40.284+j19.013(mva)s1=s2x406.5+18.09321.05p2r+q2 du=3.052(kv)u2210r4021.05-18.0936.5px-q2du=2=3.45(kv)u2210u1=(u2+du)2+du2=213.08(kv)11dsy1=-jbu12=-j5.410-4213.082=-j12.259(mva)22s1=s1+dsy1=40.284+j19.013-j12.259=40.284+j6.754(mva)电压向量图为：&u&d&u&u&du&du&du&u2&duu2题3-1(1)题3-1(2) (2)空载运行时：s2=0112=dsy2=-jbu2s2=-j5.410-42102=-j11.907(mva)22 11du=-bu2x=-5.410-421021.05=-1.194(kv)22 du=11bu2r=-5.410-42106.5=0.369(kv)22u1=(210-1.194)2+0.3692=208.806(kv)2p22+q2(-11.907)2dsz=(r+jx)=(6.5+j21.05)=0.021+j0.068(mva)22 u2210+dsz=-j11.907+0.021+j0.068=0.021-j11.839(mva)s1=s211dsy1=-jbu12=-j5.410-4208.8062=-j11.772(mva)22s1=s1+dsy1=0.021-j11.839-j11.772=0.021-j23.611(mva)3-2解：计算变压器参数(归算到高压侧)：u=35500=500(kv) 35400+j194szzsn232502)ps1-3=()94.9=1647.569(kw)s3n360sn232502)ps2-3=()=1616.319(kw)s3n360 ps1-3=(ps2-3=(ps1=1(ps1-2+ps1-3-ps2-3)=218.675(kw)21ps2=(ps1-2+ps2-3-ps1-3)=187.425(kw)21ps3=(ps1-3+ps2-3-ps1-2)=1428.894(kw)21us1%=(us1-2%+us1-3%-us2-3%)=13.121us2%=(us1-2%+us2-3%-us1-3%)=-2.321us3%=(us1-3%+us2-3%-us1-2%)=31.522ps1un218.6755002rt1=0.097(w)221000sn1000(3250)rt2rt32ps2un187.4255002=0.083(w)221000sn1000(3250)2ps3un1428.8945002=0.635(w)221000sn1000(3250) xt1xt2xt32us1%un13.15002=43.667(w)100sn10032502us2%un-2.35002=-7.667(w)100sn10032502us3%un31.55002=105(w)100sn1003250gt=bt=p098.9=3.95610-7(s)221000un1000500i0%sn0.083250-6=2.410(s)22100un100500p2+q2902+562dszt3=(rt3+jxt3)=(0.635+j105)=0.029+j4.719(mva)22u500s2=dszt3+90+j56=90.029+j60.719(mva)dut3=prt3+qxt3900.635+56105=11.874(kv)u500pxt3-qrt390105-560.635=18.829(kv)u500dut3u2=(500+11.874)2+18.8292=521.22(kv)4002+1942dszt2=(0.083-j7.667)=0.066-j6.061(mva)2500s2=dszt2+400+j194=400.066+j187.939(mva)dut2=400.0660.083+187.939(-7.667)=-2.748(kv)512.22400.066(-7.667)-187.9390.083=-6.019(kv)512.22dut2u2=512.22-(-2.748)2+(-6.019)2=515.003(kv)中压侧电压：u中=u3230(1-2.5%)=230.979(kv)500s2=s2+s2=400.066+j187.939+90.029+j60.719=490.095+j248.658(mva)490.0950.097+248.65843.667=21.291(kv)512.22490.09543.667-248.6580.097=41.734(kv)512.22dut1=dut1u1=(512.22+21.291)2+41.7342=535.141(kv)高压侧电压：u高=u1=535.141(kv) 3-3解：计算线路参数：&ur=r1l=0.13100=13(w)x=x1l=0.4100=40(w)b=b1l=2.810-6100=2.810-4(s)电压归算到高压侧：u=uc220=200(kv) 38.5802+402dszt=(3.025+j50.4)=0.605+j10.08(mva)2002=s2+dszt=80+j40+0.605+j10.08=80.605+j50.08(mva)s2duzt=prt+qxt803.025+4050.4=11.29(kv)u200pxt-qrt8050.4-403.025=19.555(kv)u2002duztu2=(u+duzt)2+duzt=212.193(kv)2dsyt=(gt+jbt)u2=(2.0710-6+j29.710-6)212.1932=0.093+j1.337(mva)112dsy2=-jbu2=-j2.810-4212.1932=-j6.304(mva)22=s2+dsyt+dsy2=80.698+j45.113(mva)s2x80.69813+45.11340pr+q2duz=2=13.448(kv)u2212.193r80.69840-45.11313px-q2duz=2=12.448(kv)u2212.193u1=(u2+duz)2+duz=225.984(kv)2p22+q280.6982+45.1132dsz=(r+jx)=(13+j40)=2.468+j7.593(mva)22u2212.193112dsy1=-jbu2=-j2.810-4225.9842=-j7.15(mva)22+dsz+dsy1=83.166+j45.556(mva)s1=s2即始端电压为225.984kv，始端功率为(83.166+j45.556)mva 2 3-4解：计算线路参数：bzab:rab=0.0865=5.2(w)xab=0.4165=26.65(w)bab=2.710-665=1.75510-4(s)b1:rb1=0.10880=8.64(w) xb1=0.4280=33.6(w)bb1=2.6910-680=2.15210-4(s)设全网电压为额定电压un=220kv，计算功率分布：202+102-6-62dstb=dsztb+dsytb=(13.95+j218.2)+(1.72910+j5.8610)2202202=0.228+j2.538(mva)sb=dstb+20+j10=20.228+j12.538(mva)402+302dszt2=(1.46+j0)=0.075(mva)2202302+202dszt3=(2.