研讨会完型填空解题技巧.ppt

（07全国） In the United States there was an unusual tale telling of the daughter of a mechanic (技工).One day while walking along the bank of a lake ,the girl 36 to see20 eggs laid by a wild goose. After some time the girl 37 the mother would not return to the eggs and she 38 to take them home. There she carefully 39 the eggs in the heat of a lamp, Several days 40 the eggs broke and baby geese came into the 41. One day, the girl 52 into the plane, started it and soon left the 53. Seeing their mother take to the air, the birds 54 flapped(拍打)their wings and 55. She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following. 0707年全国高考完型填空采用记叙文模式，年全国高考完型填空采用记叙文模式， 文章长度为文章长度为 260260个词。个词。本篇文字朴实纯真，内容充满了对大自然和生 物的热爱与关怀，透露了作者的写作主旨：和大自然和 谐，关爱每一个生命体！从试题设计上看，也非常科学 合理地融合了高中生的认知水平！试题难易度适中。体 现了测试性和思想性的有机结合。 文章大意：文章大意：女孩与一群野天鹅的纯真情感。她一天无意 中在湖边拾到一些天鹅蛋并把它们带回家，还成功的借 助于灯的热孵出了全部小野天鹅。随着小天鹅慢慢的长 大，小姑娘的担心却在与日俱增：野天鹅在这种家养的 情形下根本不能飞。她于是请来他的爸爸帮忙，希望通 过他造一架小飞机，并开着它示范小天鹅们学会飞的本 领。可是，小天鹅们可不根本不领情！小女孩亲自驾驶 飞机，教会了野天鹅们飞行！ (07江苏)Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C 表示时间关系 的有 before, so far, yet, meantime, meanwhile, now, later等等 。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅 速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。 例6 What laughing arguments we had about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 44 , I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy , not for Mr. 44. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately 解析第44小题考查依据语篇标志语做出判断的 能力。文章一开始作者谈到由于写作文引发的一 段回忆，回忆后提到“I wanted to write about it”。especially表示程度上的递进, 与上下文不符 。 fortunately不符合语境， probably与“I wanted to write about it”前后矛盾，所以C（ suddenly）为最佳选项。 利用排除法解题 有时我们会遇上这样的情况：对 某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明了、但发现其 它选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时候我们可以试试排除 法：将干扰项逐项检查验证，凡发现有错误的选项，立 即剔除出选择范围。随着选择范围的缩小，选项的准确 率就会不断提高。经过这样分析推敲弃误留正，便会水 落石出，找出正确答案。 例7 Waiting above the crowded streets, on top of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 31 a tightrope (绷索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center. A. throw B. walk C. climb D. fix 解析考生如果对walk作及物动词的用法不是很熟悉 ，很难直接选出答案。在这种情况下运用排除法就会 非常方便实用。我们可以先将明显不合题意的三项A 、C、D排除掉。因为下文中提到 Philippe Petit 在绷 索上走了七个来回（Philippe Petit made seven trips, back and forth）。所以很明显这个大胆的法 国人不是在两楼之间扔（throw）绳子，也不是顺着 绳子朝上攀登(climb)，更不是在两座楼间固定(fix)绳 子。剩下的B (walk)当然是正确答案了。 摆脱定势逆向思维 如果学习方法不当，对某些知识点进 行了过度强调，就会产生思维定势。例如过度强调make sb. do sth. 这一结构，当看到 make sb. 时就会不假思索地用不带to的 不定式do sth.作宾语补足语。其实make sb. 后面也有可能接不 定式短语的。如：The kind of paper is used to wrap the products. 不过to wrap the products不是宾语补足语，而是目的 状语。思维定势使一些考生形成猜题的心理。完形填空题中常利 用反猜手段设计一些似是而非的题目，利用学生的思维定势，诱 导学生“误入歧途”。 例8 I was very thin when I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldnt eat much, because I was afraid of being too full to run. I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual 49 . 49. A. size B. share C. space D. state 解析第49小题前面提到making mistakes（犯错） 及make more（犯更多错），根据意义应该找一个能 代替错误的名词，本句句意并不是在讨论错误大小， size显然不对，它与more也不搭配；space（空间） 、state（状态）都与错误没关系；B. share（份儿） 可以表示在错误中所占比例，与前面的more联系起来 ，可以说明犯更多的错。可是不少考生由于受定势思 维影响，不敢选share，似乎只有在分享东西时，才用 share，而没想过“错误”也用它，这就说明了我们对语 言体验不足、掌握词义比较死板；其次也说明我们缺 少把上下文与空白之间进行逻辑联系的能力。 Summary . 根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项 . 根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理 . 根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案 . 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义从而确定答案 . 利用语法分析解题 . 利用语篇标志解题 . 利用排除法解题 . 摆脱定势逆向思维 总之，完形填空解题时要注意运用适当的技巧， 克服急躁心理，试着从上下文角度、文化背景角 度、生活常识角度、惯用法和固定搭配及语法和 词义角度等多角度来进行分析，也就是把多种方 法结合起来。 Practice Wouldnt it be great if we didnt have to remember passwords (密码) ever again? If we could just sit in front of our computers and be 21 logged in (登录)? Crave mentions how NECSoft BiodeLogon system uses face recognition technology to log you on to Windows, rather than using a 22 . All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to 23 your PC. No more 24 , confusing passwords to remember or change every few months. After doing a little research, I found this type of 25 already available to consumers via a relatively 26 application called Facecode. The 27 requires the use of a webcam to recognize and log PC users into their systems. You can add as many 28 as you want, provided they each have a Windows account. If the system 29 to recognize your 30 ,you can recall the Windows user name and password by using a hot-key combination. Wouldnt it be great if we didnt have to remember passwords (密码) ever again? If we could just sit in front of our computers and be 21 logged in (登录)? Crave mentions how NECSoft BiodeLogon system uses face recognition technology to log you on to Windows, rather than using a 22 . All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to 23 your PC. No more 24 , confusing passwords to remember or change every few months. 21. A. automatically B. personally C. correctly D. occasionally 22. A. face B. password C. software D. system 23. A. access B. connect C. recognize D. remember 24. A. simple B. complicated C. special D. useful After doing a little research, I found this type of 25 already available to consumers via a relatively 26 application called Facecode. The 27 requires the use of a webcam to recognize and log PC users into their systems. You can add as many 28 as you want, provided they each have a Windows account. If the system 29 to recognize your 30 ,you can recall the Windows user name and password by using a hot- key combination. 25. A. computer B. technology C. password D. application 26. A. independent B. in