生涯规划辅导所需关注的课题与基本知识的掌握.ppt

生涯規劃輔導所需關注的課 題與基本知識的掌握 Alvin Leung (梁湘明) Department of Educational Psychology The Chinese University of Hong Kong 資源冊內容 (1/2) n單元一：事業輔導與生涯規劃：概論 n單元二：事業與生涯規劃：介入方法 n單元三：從校園到工作世界：事業發展理論的 一些啟示 n單元四：聆聽青少年的故事、探索生涯規劃主 題：事業輔導面談技巧 n單元五：生涯評估面談：一個尋找生涯規劃主 題的面談方法/程序 資源冊內容 (2/2) n單元六：如何幫助青少年了解事業興趣 n單元七：事業興趣的評估方法 n單元八：生涯價值觀的探索和評估方法 n單元九：個人能力的評估方法 n單元十：從實踐中學習生涯規劃 每單元 n理論、觀念、技巧 n討論、思考問題 n活動 n參考書籍 為生計：需要找 到一份工作？ 我是誰：我有甚麼可用 於工作的興趣和長處？ 甚麼是我認為重要的？ 我有甚麼使命和任務 ：我如何能透過我的工 作產生影響 (make a difference)？ 生涯規劃 (Career and Life Planning) 的範圍 我的人生目標是什麼？ 我在世界有什麼任務？ 我能如何使用我的 時間？ 我如何運用時間做一些可 發揮自已的事 ？ 我如何增加生活的滿足感 生存 (Survival) 自尊 (Self-Esteem) 自我實現 (Self-Actualization) (Meaning it has turned into an addiction, a kind of idolatry.” Carl Honore, “In Praise of SLOW”, 2004, p.4. “Evolution works on the principle of survival of the fittest, not the fastest.” The French Experiment (35 hour workweek) Transforming life styles n“. the short workweek has revolutionized peoples lives. Parents spend longer playing with their children, friends see each other more often, and couples have more time for romance.” Carl Honore, In praise of slow, 2004, p. 170 The French Experiment On Productivity nThose “ who warned that the 35-hour workweek would send the French economy into instant meltdown has been proven wrong. The gross domestic product has grown, and unemployment, though still above EU average, has fallen. Productivity also remains high. Indeed, some evidence suggests that many French workers are more productive now.” Carl Honore, In praise of slow, 2004, p. 171 Work-Life Balance: Work Hours and Productivity n“One of the most important things we learned Was that people could be just as productive and sometimes even more so when they work fewer hours.” Carl Honore, In praise of slow, 2004, p.177, quoting a study by Marriott Hotel to give managers the OK to leave office at any time after work is done. Pace and Quality of Learning n“ A growing body of evidence suggests that children learn better when they learn at a slower pace.” nCarl Honore, In praise of slow, 2004, p.219 幫助青少年建立合理的生涯節奏和步 代 n善用工作、學習、和休閒時間 n建立合宜的生活節奏 n不被電子科技或其它活動 (e.g., computer games, internet) 約束 生涯規劃的基礎信念 (4) n生涯規劃包括探討你的不同生命角色，這些角 色之間的關係/相互動力，角色的重要性，和 他們與你的生命意義與目的的相關。 工作者 休閒者 兒女 學生 配偶 公民 “Structuring your different life roles is an important part of career and life planning” 如何在日常生活中充實地活出這些角 色 n工作者的角色只是生涯的一部分 n想一想，在每一個角色中： q你想發揮甚麼特質 (別人曾如的形容你)？ q有何貢獻？ q有何結果？ n青少年在一個角色活得精彩和充實，其積極性 是可延續到其它角色的 n決定甚麼事情是很重要和不很重要，學習排列 生命的次序 UrgentNot Urgent Important AB Not Important CD Decide on Your Life Priorities . Prioritize An important Process n“We must learn to distinguish between what is “merely important” and what is “widely important.” A “widely important goal” carries serious consequences. Failure to achieve these goals renders all other achievements inconsequential” The Eighth Habit, Steven Covey, 2004 生涯規劃的基礎信念 (5) n生涯規劃不只是看明天，也要看昨天和今天 q要有勇氣面對昨天，超越成長障礙，並從以往不同的經 驗中找尋“我是誰?” q要積極地生活於今天，擴闊對自己的了解和視野。 q清楚了昨天和今天的我，我該如何小心走明天的路？ Past Present Future “If you are looking for clues about tomorrow, the signs are to be found in your past and present.” 個人輔導和事業輔導息息相關 n個人問題和事業有關的問題是相連的 n個人發展和事業發展也相連 n個人問題和事業有關的問題都會引起焦慮 n相同的輔導過程和技巧 Career Counseling Personal Counseling “Seek first to understand, then to be understood.” nWhen we listen with the intent to understand others, rather than with the intent to reply, we begin true communication and relationship building. Steven R. Covey, The 8th Habit (2005, p. 153) On Judgment and Compassion (1/2) nCompassion can never coexist with judgment because judgment creates the distance, the distinction, which prevents us from really being with the other. Henri Nouwen (1981), The Way of The Heart On Judgment and Compassion (2/2) n“Become a light, not a judge. Become a model, not a critic.” Steven R. Covey, The 8th Habit (2005) A Common Language, Regardless of Differences in Background and Experience “.the language that everyone on earth was capable of understanding in their heart, it was love. Something older than humanity, more ancient than the desert” (p.94). A Quote from “The Alchemist”, By Paulo Coelho 生涯規劃 基礎理念 (6) n生涯規劃的起點是要探索和了解個人的 特性，包括需要、興趣、價值觀和技能 ，以確定個人的事業/生涯方向和目標。 個人的特性 You Interest SkillsValues, Needs “The beginning point of a decision-making process is Exploration, not Decision.” Crystallization Specification Implementation Vocational Developmental Tasks for Youth (Theory by Super) 生涯規劃 基礎理念 (7) n事業/生涯規劃在社會環 境中實踐，是需要仔細 考慮和妥協。 “A good-enough choice is a good choice.” 要清楚後補選擇 n要作出有關職業和學業的選擇時，我們除了要 確定首要選擇外，他要有些後補選擇 (backup plans)。 n我們要對後補選擇有足夠的認識先。若預先有 足夠的心理準備，若我們真的得不到自己的首 選，也較能接受不太理想的次選。 後補選擇是妥協嗎？ n 我們首要的選擇可能是完整的理想和夢 想，但次要或後補的選擇卻不是理想和夢想的 完全破滅。 n後補的選擇也可能達到部份甚至大部份的理想 和夢想。 n因此，後補選擇也不一定是妥協。 不錯的選擇 (A Good Enough Choice) Barry Swartz, The Paradox of Choice (2004) n“Learning to accept “good enough” will simplify decision making and increase satisfaction.” n“To become a satisficer, however, requires that you think carefully about your goals and aspirations, and that you develop well- defined standards for what is “good enough.” Practice an attitude of gratitude Barry Swartz, The Paradox of Choice (2004) n“We can vastly improve our subjective experience by con